Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology 2/2014

01-04-2014 | Clinical Review

Surgical treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Authors: Takahiro Uenishi, Takatsugu Yamamoto, Shigekazu Takemura, Shoji Kubo

Published in: Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology | Issue 2/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Despite surgical treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) becoming more widely available, the prognosis after hepatic resection for ICC remains poor. Because ICC is relatively rare, the TNM staging system for ICC was finally established in the 2000s. Resection margin status and lymph node metastases are important prognostic factors after surgery for ICC; however, the true impact of wide resection margins or lymph node dissection on postoperative survival is unclear. Although adjuvant chemotherapy can improve the postoperative prognosis of patients with various types of cancer, no standard regimen has been developed for ICC. Over 50 % of patients suffer postoperative recurrence, even after curative resection, and no effective treatment for recurrent ICC has been established. Therefore, despite advances in imaging studies and hepatobiliary surgery, significant challenges remain in improving the prognosis of patients with ICC.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Ikai I, Arii S, Okazaki M, Okita K, Omata M, Kojiro M, et al. Report of the 17th Nationwide Follow-up Survey of Primary Liver Cancer in Japan. Hepatol Res. 2007;37:676–91.PubMedCrossRef Ikai I, Arii S, Okazaki M, Okita K, Omata M, Kojiro M, et al. Report of the 17th Nationwide Follow-up Survey of Primary Liver Cancer in Japan. Hepatol Res. 2007;37:676–91.PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Khan SA, Thomas HC, Davidson BR, Taylor-Robinson SD. Cholangiocarcinoma. Lancet. 2005;366:1303–14.PubMedCrossRef Khan SA, Thomas HC, Davidson BR, Taylor-Robinson SD. Cholangiocarcinoma. Lancet. 2005;366:1303–14.PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Okuda K, Nakanuma Y, Miyazaki M. Cholangiocarcinoma: recent progress. Part 1: epidemiology and etiology. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17:1049–55.PubMedCrossRef Okuda K, Nakanuma Y, Miyazaki M. Cholangiocarcinoma: recent progress. Part 1: epidemiology and etiology. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17:1049–55.PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Khan SA, Taylor-Robinson SD, Toledano MB, Beck A, Elliott P, Thomas HC. Changing international trends in mortality rates for liver, biliary and pancreatic tumours. J Hepatol. 2002;37:806–13.PubMedCrossRef Khan SA, Taylor-Robinson SD, Toledano MB, Beck A, Elliott P, Thomas HC. Changing international trends in mortality rates for liver, biliary and pancreatic tumours. J Hepatol. 2002;37:806–13.PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Lieser MJ, Barry MK, Rowland C, Ilstrup DM, Nagorney DM. Surgical management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a 31-year experience. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 1998;5:41–7.PubMedCrossRef Lieser MJ, Barry MK, Rowland C, Ilstrup DM, Nagorney DM. Surgical management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a 31-year experience. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 1998;5:41–7.PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Nathan H, Pawlik TM, Wolfgang CL, Choti MA, Cameron JL, Schulick RD. Trends in survival after surgery for cholangiocarcinoma: a 30-year population-based SEER database analysis. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11:1488–96.PubMedCrossRef Nathan H, Pawlik TM, Wolfgang CL, Choti MA, Cameron JL, Schulick RD. Trends in survival after surgery for cholangiocarcinoma: a 30-year population-based SEER database analysis. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11:1488–96.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Uenishi T, Kubo S, Yamazaki O, Yamada T, Sasaki Y, Nagano H, et al. Indications for surgical treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with lymph node metastases. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2008;15:417–22.PubMedCrossRef Uenishi T, Kubo S, Yamazaki O, Yamada T, Sasaki Y, Nagano H, et al. Indications for surgical treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with lymph node metastases. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2008;15:417–22.PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Okabayashi T, Yamamoto J, Kosuge T, Shimada K, Yamasaki S, Takayama T, et al. A new staging system for mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: analysis of preoperative and postoperative variables. Cancer. 2001;92:2374–83.PubMedCrossRef Okabayashi T, Yamamoto J, Kosuge T, Shimada K, Yamasaki S, Takayama T, et al. A new staging system for mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: analysis of preoperative and postoperative variables. Cancer. 2001;92:2374–83.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Choi SB, Kim KS, Choi JY, Park SW, Choi JS, Lee WJ, et al. The prognosis and survival outcome of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma following surgical resection: association of lymph node metastasis and lymph node dissection with survival. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:3048–56.PubMedCrossRef Choi SB, Kim KS, Choi JY, Park SW, Choi JS, Lee WJ, et al. The prognosis and survival outcome of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma following surgical resection: association of lymph node metastasis and lymph node dissection with survival. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:3048–56.PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Ribero D, Pinna AD, Guglielmi A, Ponti A, Nuzzo G, Giulini SM, et al. Surgical approach for long-term survival of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multi-institutional analysis of 434 patients. Arch Surg. 2012;147:1107–13.PubMedCrossRef Ribero D, Pinna AD, Guglielmi A, Ponti A, Nuzzo G, Giulini SM, et al. Surgical approach for long-term survival of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multi-institutional analysis of 434 patients. Arch Surg. 2012;147:1107–13.PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Yedibela S, Demir R, Zhang W, Meyer T, Hohenberger W, Schönleben F. Surgical treatment of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: an 11-year Western single-center experience in 107 patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:404–12.PubMedCrossRef Yedibela S, Demir R, Zhang W, Meyer T, Hohenberger W, Schönleben F. Surgical treatment of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: an 11-year Western single-center experience in 107 patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:404–12.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Uchiyama K, Yamamoto M, Yamaue H, Ariizumi S, Aoki T, Kokudo N, et al. Impact of nodal involvement on surgical outcomes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter analysis by the Study Group for Hepatic Surgery of the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2011;18:443–52.PubMedCrossRef Uchiyama K, Yamamoto M, Yamaue H, Ariizumi S, Aoki T, Kokudo N, et al. Impact of nodal involvement on surgical outcomes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter analysis by the Study Group for Hepatic Surgery of the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2011;18:443–52.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference de Jong MC, Nathan H, Sotiropoulos GC, Paul A, Alexandrescu S, Marques H, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: an international multi-institutional analysis of prognostic factors and lymph node assessment. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:3140–5.PubMedCrossRef de Jong MC, Nathan H, Sotiropoulos GC, Paul A, Alexandrescu S, Marques H, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: an international multi-institutional analysis of prognostic factors and lymph node assessment. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:3140–5.PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Igami T, Ebata T, Yokoyama Y, Sugawara G, Takahashi Y, et al. Staging of peripheral-type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: appraisal of the new TNM classification and its modifications. World J Surg. 2011;35:2501–9.PubMedCrossRef Igami T, Ebata T, Yokoyama Y, Sugawara G, Takahashi Y, et al. Staging of peripheral-type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: appraisal of the new TNM classification and its modifications. World J Surg. 2011;35:2501–9.PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Uenishi T, Yamazaki O, Yamamoto T, Hirohashi K, Tanaka H, Tanaka S, et al. Serosal invasion in TNM staging of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2005;12:479–83.PubMedCrossRef Uenishi T, Yamazaki O, Yamamoto T, Hirohashi K, Tanaka H, Tanaka S, et al. Serosal invasion in TNM staging of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2005;12:479–83.PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Farges O, Fuks D, Le Treut YP, Azoulay D, Laurent A, Bachellier P, et al. AJCC 7th edition of TNM staging accurately discriminates outcomes of patients with resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: by the AFC-IHCC-2009 study group. Cancer. 2011;117:2170–7.PubMedCrossRef Farges O, Fuks D, Le Treut YP, Azoulay D, Laurent A, Bachellier P, et al. AJCC 7th edition of TNM staging accurately discriminates outcomes of patients with resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: by the AFC-IHCC-2009 study group. Cancer. 2011;117:2170–7.PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Inoue K, Makuuchi M, Takayama T, Torzilli G, Yamamoto J, Shimada K, et al. Long-term survival and prognostic factors in the surgical treatment of mass-forming type cholangiocarcinoma. Surgery. 2000;127:498–505.PubMedCrossRef Inoue K, Makuuchi M, Takayama T, Torzilli G, Yamamoto J, Shimada K, et al. Long-term survival and prognostic factors in the surgical treatment of mass-forming type cholangiocarcinoma. Surgery. 2000;127:498–505.PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Nakagohri T, Kinoshita T, Konishi M, Takahashi S, Gotohda N. Surgical outcome and prognostic factors in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2008;32(2675–80):19. Nakagohri T, Kinoshita T, Konishi M, Takahashi S, Gotohda N. Surgical outcome and prognostic factors in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2008;32(2675–80):19.
19.
go back to reference Isa T, Kusano T, Shimoji H, Takeshima Y, Muto Y, Furukawa M. Predictive factors for long-term survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Am J Surg. 2001;181:507–11.PubMedCrossRef Isa T, Kusano T, Shimoji H, Takeshima Y, Muto Y, Furukawa M. Predictive factors for long-term survival in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Am J Surg. 2001;181:507–11.PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Kawarada Y, Yamagiwa K, Das BC. Analysis of the relationships between clinicopathologic factors and survival time in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Am J Surg. 2002;183:679–85.PubMedCrossRef Kawarada Y, Yamagiwa K, Das BC. Analysis of the relationships between clinicopathologic factors and survival time in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Am J Surg. 2002;183:679–85.PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Saiura A, Yamamoto J, Kokudo N, Koga R, Seki M, Hiki N, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: analysis of 44 consecutive resected cases including 5 cases with repeat resections. Am J Surg. 2011;201:203–8.PubMedCrossRef Saiura A, Yamamoto J, Kokudo N, Koga R, Seki M, Hiki N, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: analysis of 44 consecutive resected cases including 5 cases with repeat resections. Am J Surg. 2011;201:203–8.PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Welzel TM, Graubard BI, El-Serag HB, Shaib YH, Hsing AW, Davila JA, et al. Risk factors for intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a population-based case-control study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5:1221–8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Welzel TM, Graubard BI, El-Serag HB, Shaib YH, Hsing AW, Davila JA, et al. Risk factors for intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a population-based case-control study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5:1221–8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Yamamoto S, Kubo S, Hai S, Uenishi T, Yamamoto T, Shuto T, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection as a likely etiology of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Sci. 2004;95:592–5.PubMedCrossRef Yamamoto S, Kubo S, Hai S, Uenishi T, Yamamoto T, Shuto T, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection as a likely etiology of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Sci. 2004;95:592–5.PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Donato F, Gelatti U, Tagger A, Favret M, Ribero ML, Callea F, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatitis C and B virus infection, alcohol intake, and hepatolithiasis: a case-control study in Italy. Cancer Causes Control. 2001;12:959–64.PubMedCrossRef Donato F, Gelatti U, Tagger A, Favret M, Ribero ML, Callea F, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatitis C and B virus infection, alcohol intake, and hepatolithiasis: a case-control study in Italy. Cancer Causes Control. 2001;12:959–64.PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Shaib YH. Risk factors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in United States: a case-control study. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:620–6.PubMedCrossRef Shaib YH. Risk factors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in United States: a case-control study. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:620–6.PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Perumal V, Wang J, Thuluvath P, Choti M, Torbenson M. Hepatitis C and hepatitis B nucleic acids are present in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas from the United States. Hum Pathol. 2006;37:1211–6.PubMedCrossRef Perumal V, Wang J, Thuluvath P, Choti M, Torbenson M. Hepatitis C and hepatitis B nucleic acids are present in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas from the United States. Hum Pathol. 2006;37:1211–6.PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Wu TT, Levy M, Correa AM, Rosen CB, Abraham SC. Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia in patients without chronic biliary disease: analysis of liver explants with alcoholic cirrhosis, hepatitis C infection, and noncirrhotic liver diseases. Cancer. 2009;115:4564–75.PubMedCrossRef Wu TT, Levy M, Correa AM, Rosen CB, Abraham SC. Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia in patients without chronic biliary disease: analysis of liver explants with alcoholic cirrhosis, hepatitis C infection, and noncirrhotic liver diseases. Cancer. 2009;115:4564–75.PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Kobayashi M, Ikeda K, Saitoh S, Suzuki F, Tsubota A, Suzuki Y, et al. Incidence of primary cholangiocellular carcinoma of the liver in Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis. Cancer. 2000;88:2471–7.PubMedCrossRef Kobayashi M, Ikeda K, Saitoh S, Suzuki F, Tsubota A, Suzuki Y, et al. Incidence of primary cholangiocellular carcinoma of the liver in Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis. Cancer. 2000;88:2471–7.PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Ariizumi S, Kotera Y, Takahashi Y, Katagiri S, Chen IP, Ota T, et al. Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with marked enhancement on arterial-phase computed tomography reflects favorable surgical outcomes. J Surg Oncol. 2011;104:130–9.PubMedCrossRef Ariizumi S, Kotera Y, Takahashi Y, Katagiri S, Chen IP, Ota T, et al. Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with marked enhancement on arterial-phase computed tomography reflects favorable surgical outcomes. J Surg Oncol. 2011;104:130–9.PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Hai S, Kubo S, Yamamoto S, Uenishi T, Tanaka H, Shuto T, et al. Clinicopathologic characteristics of hepatitis C virus-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Dig Surg. 2005;22:432–9.PubMedCrossRef Hai S, Kubo S, Yamamoto S, Uenishi T, Tanaka H, Shuto T, et al. Clinicopathologic characteristics of hepatitis C virus-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Dig Surg. 2005;22:432–9.PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Tamandl D, Herberger B, Gruenberger B, Puhalla H, Klinger M, Gruenberger T. Influence of hepatic resection margin on recurrence and survival in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15:2787–94.PubMedCrossRef Tamandl D, Herberger B, Gruenberger B, Puhalla H, Klinger M, Gruenberger T. Influence of hepatic resection margin on recurrence and survival in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15:2787–94.PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Cho SY, Park SJ, Kim SH, Han SS, Kim YK, Lee KW, et al. Survival analysis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after resection. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17:1823–30.PubMedCrossRef Cho SY, Park SJ, Kim SH, Han SS, Kim YK, Lee KW, et al. Survival analysis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after resection. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17:1823–30.PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Farges O, Fuks D, Boleslawski E, Le Treut YP, Castaing D, Laurent A, et al. Influence of surgical margins on outcome in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. A multicenter study by the AFC-IHCC-2009 study group. Ann Surg. 2011;254:824–30.PubMedCrossRef Farges O, Fuks D, Boleslawski E, Le Treut YP, Castaing D, Laurent A, et al. Influence of surgical margins on outcome in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. A multicenter study by the AFC-IHCC-2009 study group. Ann Surg. 2011;254:824–30.PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Shimada K, Sano T, Sakamoto Y, Esaki M, Kosuge T, Ojima H. Clinical impact of the surgical margin status in hepatectomy for solitary mass-forming type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma without lymph node metastases. J Surg Oncol. 2007;96:160–5.PubMedCrossRef Shimada K, Sano T, Sakamoto Y, Esaki M, Kosuge T, Ojima H. Clinical impact of the surgical margin status in hepatectomy for solitary mass-forming type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma without lymph node metastases. J Surg Oncol. 2007;96:160–5.PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Horgan AM, Amir E, Walter T, Knox JJ. Adjuvant therapy in the treatment of biliary tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30:1934–40.PubMedCrossRef Horgan AM, Amir E, Walter T, Knox JJ. Adjuvant therapy in the treatment of biliary tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30:1934–40.PubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Yamamoto M, Takasaki K, Nakano M, Saito A. Hepatic recurrence of cholangiolocellular carcinoma: report of a case. Hepatogastroenterology. 1996;43:1046–50.PubMed Yamamoto M, Takasaki K, Nakano M, Saito A. Hepatic recurrence of cholangiolocellular carcinoma: report of a case. Hepatogastroenterology. 1996;43:1046–50.PubMed
37.
go back to reference Kurosaki I, Hatakeyama K. Repeated hepatectomy for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: report of two cases. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;17:125–30.PubMedCrossRef Kurosaki I, Hatakeyama K. Repeated hepatectomy for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: report of two cases. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;17:125–30.PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Ohtsuka M, Kimura F, Shimizu H, Yoshidome H, Kato A, Yoshitomi H, et al. Significance of repeated resection for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 2009;56:1–5.PubMed Ohtsuka M, Kimura F, Shimizu H, Yoshidome H, Kato A, Yoshitomi H, et al. Significance of repeated resection for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 2009;56:1–5.PubMed
39.
go back to reference Kamphues C, Seehofer D, Eisele RM, Denecke T, Pratschke J, Neumann UP, et al. Recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: single-center experience using repeated hepatectomy and radiofrequency ablation. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2010;17:509–15.PubMedCrossRef Kamphues C, Seehofer D, Eisele RM, Denecke T, Pratschke J, Neumann UP, et al. Recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: single-center experience using repeated hepatectomy and radiofrequency ablation. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2010;17:509–15.PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Zhang SJ, Hu P, Wang N, Shen Q, Sun AX, Kuang M, et al. Thermal ablation versus repeated hepatic resection for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20:3596–602.PubMedCrossRef Zhang SJ, Hu P, Wang N, Shen Q, Sun AX, Kuang M, et al. Thermal ablation versus repeated hepatic resection for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20:3596–602.PubMedCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Slakey DP. Radiofrequency ablation of recurrent cholangiocarcinoma. Am Surg. 2002;68:395–7.PubMed Slakey DP. Radiofrequency ablation of recurrent cholangiocarcinoma. Am Surg. 2002;68:395–7.PubMed
42.
go back to reference Fu Y, Yang W, Wu W, Yan K, Xing BC, Chen MH. Radiofrequency ablation for postoperative recurrences of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Chin J Cancer Res. 2011;23:295–300.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Fu Y, Yang W, Wu W, Yan K, Xing BC, Chen MH. Radiofrequency ablation for postoperative recurrences of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Chin J Cancer Res. 2011;23:295–300.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference The Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. General rules for the clinical and pathological study of primary liver cancer. 2nd ed. Tokyo: Kanehara; 2003. The Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. General rules for the clinical and pathological study of primary liver cancer. 2nd ed. Tokyo: Kanehara; 2003.
44.
go back to reference Yamasaki S. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: macroscopic type and stage classification. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2003;10:288–91.PubMedCrossRef Yamasaki S. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: macroscopic type and stage classification. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2003;10:288–91.PubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Edge SB ed. Intrahepatic bile ducts. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 7th ed. New York: Springer; 2009. Edge SB ed. Intrahepatic bile ducts. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 7th ed. New York: Springer; 2009.
46.
go back to reference Nathan H, Aloia TA, Vauthey JN, Abdalla EK, Zhu AX, Schulick RD, et al. A proposed staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:14–22.PubMedCrossRef Nathan H, Aloia TA, Vauthey JN, Abdalla EK, Zhu AX, Schulick RD, et al. A proposed staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:14–22.PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Ribero D, Nuzzo G, Amisano M, Tomatis M, Guglielmi A, Giulini SM, et al. Comparison of the prognostic accuracy of the sixth and seventh editions of the TNM classification for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford). 2011;13:198–205.PubMedCentralPubMed Ribero D, Nuzzo G, Amisano M, Tomatis M, Guglielmi A, Giulini SM, et al. Comparison of the prognostic accuracy of the sixth and seventh editions of the TNM classification for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford). 2011;13:198–205.PubMedCentralPubMed
48.
go back to reference Ohashi K, Nakajima Y, Kanehiro H, Tsutsumi M, Taki J, Aomatsu Y, et al. Ki-ras mutations and p53 protein expressions in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas: relation to gross tumor morphology. Gastroenterology. 1995;109:1612–7.PubMedCrossRef Ohashi K, Nakajima Y, Kanehiro H, Tsutsumi M, Taki J, Aomatsu Y, et al. Ki-ras mutations and p53 protein expressions in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas: relation to gross tumor morphology. Gastroenterology. 1995;109:1612–7.PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Guglielmi A, Ruzzenente A, Campagnaro T, Pachera S, Valdegamberi A, Nicoli P, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: prognostic factors after surgical resection. World J Surg. 2009;33:1247–54.PubMedCrossRef Guglielmi A, Ruzzenente A, Campagnaro T, Pachera S, Valdegamberi A, Nicoli P, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: prognostic factors after surgical resection. World J Surg. 2009;33:1247–54.PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Shimada K, Sano T, Sakamoto Y, Esaki M, Kosuge T, Ojima H. Surgical outcomes of the mass-forming plus periductal infiltrating types of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a comparative study with the typical mass-forming type of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2007;31:2016–22.PubMedCrossRef Shimada K, Sano T, Sakamoto Y, Esaki M, Kosuge T, Ojima H. Surgical outcomes of the mass-forming plus periductal infiltrating types of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a comparative study with the typical mass-forming type of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2007;31:2016–22.PubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Hirohashi K, Uenishi T, Kubo S, Yamamoto T, Tanaka H, Shuto T, et al. Macroscopic types of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: clinicopathologic features and surgical outcomes. Hepatogastroenterology. 2002;49:326–9.PubMed Hirohashi K, Uenishi T, Kubo S, Yamamoto T, Tanaka H, Shuto T, et al. Macroscopic types of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: clinicopathologic features and surgical outcomes. Hepatogastroenterology. 2002;49:326–9.PubMed
52.
go back to reference Yamamoto M, Takasaki K, Yoshikawa T, Ueno K, Nakano M. Does gross appearance indicate prognosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma? J Surg Oncol. 1998;69:162–7.PubMedCrossRef Yamamoto M, Takasaki K, Yoshikawa T, Ueno K, Nakano M. Does gross appearance indicate prognosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma? J Surg Oncol. 1998;69:162–7.PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Ohtsuka M, Ito H, Kimura F, Shimizu H, Togawa A, Yoshidome H, et al. Results of surgical treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and clinicopathological factors influencing survival. Br J Surg. 2002;89:1525–31.PubMedCrossRef Ohtsuka M, Ito H, Kimura F, Shimizu H, Togawa A, Yoshidome H, et al. Results of surgical treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and clinicopathological factors influencing survival. Br J Surg. 2002;89:1525–31.PubMedCrossRef
54.
go back to reference Uenishi T, Yamazaki O, Tanaka H, Takemura S, Yamamoto T, Tanaka S, et al. Serum cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) as a prognostic factor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15:583–9.PubMedCrossRef Uenishi T, Yamazaki O, Tanaka H, Takemura S, Yamamoto T, Tanaka S, et al. Serum cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) as a prognostic factor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15:583–9.PubMedCrossRef
55.
go back to reference Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. General rules for the clinical and pathological study of primary liver cancer, First English edn. Tokyo: Kanehara; 1997. Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. General rules for the clinical and pathological study of primary liver cancer, First English edn. Tokyo: Kanehara; 1997.
56.
go back to reference Tsuji T, Hiraoka T, Kanemitsu K, Takamori H, Tanabe D, Tashiro S. Lymphatic spreading pattern of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Surgery. 2001;129:401–7.PubMedCrossRef Tsuji T, Hiraoka T, Kanemitsu K, Takamori H, Tanabe D, Tashiro S. Lymphatic spreading pattern of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Surgery. 2001;129:401–7.PubMedCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Okami J, Dono K, Sakon M, Tsujie M, Hayashi N, Fujiwara Y, et al. Patterns of regional lymph node involvement in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma of the left lobe. J Gastrointest Surg. 2003;7:850–6.PubMedCrossRef Okami J, Dono K, Sakon M, Tsujie M, Hayashi N, Fujiwara Y, et al. Patterns of regional lymph node involvement in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma of the left lobe. J Gastrointest Surg. 2003;7:850–6.PubMedCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Nozaki Y, Yamamoto M, Ikai I, Yamamoto Y, Ozaki N, Fujii H, et al. Reconsideration of the lymph node metastasis pattern (N factor) from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using the International Union Against Cancer TNM staging system for primary liver carcinoma. Cancer. 1998;83:1923–9.PubMedCrossRef Nozaki Y, Yamamoto M, Ikai I, Yamamoto Y, Ozaki N, Fujii H, et al. Reconsideration of the lymph node metastasis pattern (N factor) from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using the International Union Against Cancer TNM staging system for primary liver carcinoma. Cancer. 1998;83:1923–9.PubMedCrossRef
59.
go back to reference Grobmyer SR, Wang L, Gonen M, Fong Y, Klimstra D, D’Angelica M, et al. Perihepatic lymph node assessment in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for malignancy. Ann Surg. 2006;244:260–4.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Grobmyer SR, Wang L, Gonen M, Fong Y, Klimstra D, D’Angelica M, et al. Perihepatic lymph node assessment in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for malignancy. Ann Surg. 2006;244:260–4.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Shimada M, Yamashita Y, Aishima S, Shirabe K, Takenaka K, Sugimachi K. Value of lymph node dissection during resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Surg. 2001;88:1463–6.PubMedCrossRef Shimada M, Yamashita Y, Aishima S, Shirabe K, Takenaka K, Sugimachi K. Value of lymph node dissection during resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Surg. 2001;88:1463–6.PubMedCrossRef
61.
go back to reference Nakagawa T, Kamiyama T, Kurauchi N, Matsushima M, Nakanishi K, Kamachi H, et al. Number of lymph node metastases is a significant prognostic factor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2005;29:728–33.PubMedCrossRef Nakagawa T, Kamiyama T, Kurauchi N, Matsushima M, Nakanishi K, Kamachi H, et al. Number of lymph node metastases is a significant prognostic factor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2005;29:728–33.PubMedCrossRef
62.
go back to reference Suzuki S, Sakaguchi T, Yokoi Y, Okamoto K, Kurachi K, Tsuchiya Y, et al. Clinicopathological prognostic factors and impact of surgical treatment of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2002;26:687–93.PubMedCrossRef Suzuki S, Sakaguchi T, Yokoi Y, Okamoto K, Kurachi K, Tsuchiya Y, et al. Clinicopathological prognostic factors and impact of surgical treatment of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Surg. 2002;26:687–93.PubMedCrossRef
63.
go back to reference Puhalla H, Schuell B, Pokorny H, Kornek GV, Scheithauer W, Gruenberger T. Treatment and outcome of intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Am J Surg. 2005;189:173–7.PubMedCrossRef Puhalla H, Schuell B, Pokorny H, Kornek GV, Scheithauer W, Gruenberger T. Treatment and outcome of intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Am J Surg. 2005;189:173–7.PubMedCrossRef
64.
go back to reference Liu RQ, Shen SJ, Hu XF, Liu J, Chen LJ, Li XY. Prognosis of the intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after resection: hepatitis B virus infection and adjuvant chemotherapy are favorable prognosis factors. Cancer Cell Int. 2013;13:99.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Liu RQ, Shen SJ, Hu XF, Liu J, Chen LJ, Li XY. Prognosis of the intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after resection: hepatitis B virus infection and adjuvant chemotherapy are favorable prognosis factors. Cancer Cell Int. 2013;13:99.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
65.
go back to reference Gürlevik E, Fleischmann-Mundt B, Armbrecht N, Longerich T, Woller N, Kloos A, et al. Adjuvant gemcitabine therapy improves survival in a locally induced, R0-resectable model of metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology. 2013;58:1034–41.CrossRef Gürlevik E, Fleischmann-Mundt B, Armbrecht N, Longerich T, Woller N, Kloos A, et al. Adjuvant gemcitabine therapy improves survival in a locally induced, R0-resectable model of metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology. 2013;58:1034–41.CrossRef
66.
go back to reference Valle J, Wasan H, Palmer DH, Cunningham D, Anthoney A, Maraveyas A, et al. Cisplatin plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine for biliary tract cancer. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1273–81.PubMedCrossRef Valle J, Wasan H, Palmer DH, Cunningham D, Anthoney A, Maraveyas A, et al. Cisplatin plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine for biliary tract cancer. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1273–81.PubMedCrossRef
67.
go back to reference Wirasorn K, Ngamprasertchai T, Khuntikeo N, Pakkhem A, Ungarereevittaya P, Chindaprasirt J, et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy in resectable cholangiocarcinoma patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;28:1885–91.PubMedCrossRef Wirasorn K, Ngamprasertchai T, Khuntikeo N, Pakkhem A, Ungarereevittaya P, Chindaprasirt J, et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy in resectable cholangiocarcinoma patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;28:1885–91.PubMedCrossRef
68.
go back to reference Sasaki T, Isayama H, Nakai Y, Ito Y, Kogure H, Togawa O, et al. Multicenter, phase II study of gemcitabine and S-1 combination chemotherapy in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2010;65:1101–7.PubMedCrossRef Sasaki T, Isayama H, Nakai Y, Ito Y, Kogure H, Togawa O, et al. Multicenter, phase II study of gemcitabine and S-1 combination chemotherapy in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2010;65:1101–7.PubMedCrossRef
69.
go back to reference Kanai M, Yoshimura K, Tsumura T, Asada M, Suzuki C, Niimi M, et al. A multi-institution phase II study of gemcitabine/S-1 combination chemotherapy for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011;67:1429–34.PubMedCrossRef Kanai M, Yoshimura K, Tsumura T, Asada M, Suzuki C, Niimi M, et al. A multi-institution phase II study of gemcitabine/S-1 combination chemotherapy for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011;67:1429–34.PubMedCrossRef
70.
go back to reference Sasaki T, Isayama H, Nakai Y, Ito Y, Yasuda I, Toda N, et al. A randomized phase II study of gemcitabine and S-1 combination therapy versus gemcitabine monotherapy for advanced biliary tract cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2013;71:973–9.PubMedCrossRef Sasaki T, Isayama H, Nakai Y, Ito Y, Yasuda I, Toda N, et al. A randomized phase II study of gemcitabine and S-1 combination therapy versus gemcitabine monotherapy for advanced biliary tract cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2013;71:973–9.PubMedCrossRef
71.
go back to reference Murakami Y, Uemura K, Sudo T, Hayashidani Y, Hashimoto Y, Nakamura H, et al. Adjuvant gemcitabine plus S-1 chemotherapy improves survival after aggressive surgical resection for advanced biliary carcinoma. Ann Surg. 2009;250:950–6.PubMedCrossRef Murakami Y, Uemura K, Sudo T, Hayashidani Y, Hashimoto Y, Nakamura H, et al. Adjuvant gemcitabine plus S-1 chemotherapy improves survival after aggressive surgical resection for advanced biliary carcinoma. Ann Surg. 2009;250:950–6.PubMedCrossRef
72.
go back to reference Ercolani G, Vetrone G, Grazi GL, Aramaki O, Cescon M, Ravaioli M, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: primary liver resection and aggressive multimodal treatment of recurrence significantly prolong survival. Ann Surg. 2010;252:107–14.PubMedCrossRef Ercolani G, Vetrone G, Grazi GL, Aramaki O, Cescon M, Ravaioli M, et al. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: primary liver resection and aggressive multimodal treatment of recurrence significantly prolong survival. Ann Surg. 2010;252:107–14.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Surgical treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors
Takahiro Uenishi
Takatsugu Yamamoto
Shigekazu Takemura
Shoji Kubo
Publication date
01-04-2014
Publisher
Springer Japan
Published in
Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology / Issue 2/2014
Print ISSN: 1865-7257
Electronic ISSN: 1865-7265
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-014-0460-z

Other articles of this Issue 2/2014

Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology 2/2014 Go to the issue
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.