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Endocrine
Published in: Endocrine 2/2022

01-05-2022 | Kidney Injury | Original Article

Changes of gut microbiota in diabetic nephropathy and its effect on the progression of kidney injury

Authors: Kedan Cai, Yanhong Ma, Fanghao Cai, Xiaohan Huang, Liang Xiao, Chenyu Zhong, Pingping Ren, Qun Luo, Jianghua Chen, Fei Han

Published in: Endocrine | Issue 2/2022

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Abstract

Purpose

We aimed to illustrate gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients, and investigate the mechanism of sodium butyrate in diabetic mellitus (DM) rats.

Methods

Gut microbiota and serum SCFA levels were measured by 16S rDNA and GC-MS. After being built by streptozotocin (DM rats), the DM rats were administered 300 mg/kg sodium butyrate for 12 weeks (DM + BU rats). Gut microbiota, serum and fecal butyrate level were measured. RT-PCR, WB and transmission electron microscopy were performed to explore LC3mRNA or LC3B protein expression, and autophagosomes in kidney tissues. AMPK/mTOR protein expression in renal tissue were also measured.

Results

The gut microbial dysbiosis was found in DM and DN groups, and some SCFAs-producing bacteria were decreased in DN group. The serum butyrate concentrations were lower in SCFA-DN group compared with SCFA-HC group and SCFA-DM group in the other cohort. Serum butyrate level was positively correlated with eGFR. Sodium butyrate increased serum and fecal butyrate levels, and improved the enlargement of glomerular area and fibronectin and collagen IV expressions in renal tissues in DM + BU rats. The LC3 mRNA, LC3BII/I ratio and number of autophagosomes were increased in renal tissue of DM + BU rats. Higher p-AMPK/AMPK ratio and lower p-mTOR/ mTOR ratio were shown in renal tissue of DM + BU rats compared with DM rats.

Conclusions

We found the decrease in SCFAs-producing bacteria and low SCFAs concentrations in DN patients. Oral butyrate supplementation may improve kidney injury in DM rats, possibly by increasing autophagy via activating AMPK/mTOR pathway.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Changes of gut microbiota in diabetic nephropathy and its effect on the progression of kidney injury
Authors
Kedan Cai
Yanhong Ma
Fanghao Cai
Xiaohan Huang
Liang Xiao
Chenyu Zhong
Pingping Ren
Qun Luo
Jianghua Chen
Fei Han
Publication date
01-05-2022
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Endocrine / Issue 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1355-008X
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0100
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-022-03002-1

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