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Current Rheumatology Reports
Published in: Current Rheumatology Reports 1/2021

01-01-2021 | Ankylosing Spondylitis | Spondyloarthritis (M Khan, Section Editor)

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) and a Possible Inflammatory Component

Authors: Reuven Mader, Nicola Pappone, Xenofon Baraliakos, Iris Eshed, Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini, Fabiola Atzeni, Amir Bieber, Irina Novofastovski, David Kiefer, Jorrit-Jan Verlaan, Pasquale Ambrosino, Dan Buskila, Jacome Bruges Armas, Muhammad Asim Khan

Published in: Current Rheumatology Reports | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) is considered a metabolic condition, characterized by new bone formation affecting mainly at entheseal sites. Enthesitis and enthesopathies occur not only in the axial skeleton but also at some peripheral sites, and they resemble to some extent the enthesitis that is a cardinal feature in spondyloarthritis (SpA), which is an inflammatory disease.

Recent Findings

We review the possible non-metabolic mechanism such as inflammation that may also be involved at some stage and help promote new bone formation in DISH. We discuss supporting pathogenic mechanisms for a local inflammation at sites typically affected by this disease, and that is also supported by imaging studies that report some similarities between DISH and SpA.

Summary

Local inflammation, either primary or secondary to metabolic derangements, may contribute to new bone formation in DISH. This new hypothesis is expected to stimulate further research in both the metabolic and inflammatory pathways in order to better understand the mechanisms that lead to new bone formation. This may lead to development of measures that will help in earlier detection and effective management before damage occurs.
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Metadata
Title
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) and a Possible Inflammatory Component
Authors
Reuven Mader
Nicola Pappone
Xenofon Baraliakos
Iris Eshed
Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini
Fabiola Atzeni
Amir Bieber
Irina Novofastovski
David Kiefer
Jorrit-Jan Verlaan
Pasquale Ambrosino
Dan Buskila
Jacome Bruges Armas
Muhammad Asim Khan
Publication date
01-01-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Rheumatology Reports / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1523-3774
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6307
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-020-00972-x

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