Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Current Treatment Options in Oncology 10/2023

03-08-2023 | Cervical Cancer

Combining Radiotherapy with Immunotherapy in Cervical Cancer: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Going?

Authors: Yan Peng, Hongxiang Yan, Wuxuan Mei, Pengfei Zhang, Changchun Zeng

Published in: Current Treatment Options in Oncology | Issue 10/2023

Login to get access

Opinion statement

Combining immunotherapy and radiotherapy as a treatment strategy for cervical cancer has attracted increasing attention. The primary objective of this review is to provide an up-to-date summary of the knowledge regarding the combined use of radiotherapy and immunotherapy for treating cervical cancer. This review discusses the biological rationale combining immunotherapy with radiotherapy in a clinical setting and presents supporting evidence for the combination strategy based on both safety and effectiveness data. Additionally, we discuss the potential and challenges of combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy in clinical practice.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72(1):7–33.PubMedCrossRef Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72(1):7–33.PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Chargari C, Peignaux K, Escande A, Renard S, Lafond C, Petit A. Lam Cham Kee D, Durdux C, Haie-Meder C: Radiotherapy of cervical cancer. Cancer Radiother. 2022;26(1-2):298–308.PubMedCrossRef Chargari C, Peignaux K, Escande A, Renard S, Lafond C, Petit A. Lam Cham Kee D, Durdux C, Haie-Meder C: Radiotherapy of cervical cancer. Cancer Radiother. 2022;26(1-2):298–308.PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Mayadev JS, Ke G, Mahantshetty U, Pereira MD, Tarnawski R, Toita T. Global challenges of radiotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2022;32(3):436–45.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Mayadev JS, Ke G, Mahantshetty U, Pereira MD, Tarnawski R, Toita T. Global challenges of radiotherapy for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2022;32(3):436–45.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
4.
6.
go back to reference Jarosz-Biej M, Smolarczyk R, Cichon T, Kulach N. Tumor microenvironment as a “Game Changer” in cancer radiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(13) Jarosz-Biej M, Smolarczyk R, Cichon T, Kulach N. Tumor microenvironment as a “Game Changer” in cancer radiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(13)
8.
9.
go back to reference Sherer MV, Kotha NV, Williamson C, Mayadev J. Advances in immunotherapy for cervical cancer: recent developments and future directions. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2022;32(3):281–7.PubMedCrossRef Sherer MV, Kotha NV, Williamson C, Mayadev J. Advances in immunotherapy for cervical cancer: recent developments and future directions. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2022;32(3):281–7.PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Twomey JD, Zhang B. Cancer immunotherapy update: FDA-approved checkpoint inhibitors and companion diagnostics. AAPS J. 2021;23(2):39.PubMedCrossRef Twomey JD, Zhang B. Cancer immunotherapy update: FDA-approved checkpoint inhibitors and companion diagnostics. AAPS J. 2021;23(2):39.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Colombo N, Dubot C, Lorusso D, Caceres MV, Hasegawa K, Shapira-Frommer R, Tewari KS, Salman P, Hoyos Usta E, Yanez E, et al. Pembrolizumab for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(20):1856–67.PubMedCrossRef Colombo N, Dubot C, Lorusso D, Caceres MV, Hasegawa K, Shapira-Frommer R, Tewari KS, Salman P, Hoyos Usta E, Yanez E, et al. Pembrolizumab for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(20):1856–67.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Arina A, Gutiontov SI, Weichselbaum RR. Radiotherapy and immunotherapy for cancer: from “Systemic” to “Multisite”. Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26(12):2777–82.PubMedCrossRef Arina A, Gutiontov SI, Weichselbaum RR. Radiotherapy and immunotherapy for cancer: from “Systemic” to “Multisite”. Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26(12):2777–82.PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Yu WD, Sun G, Li J, Xu J, Wang X. Mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of cancer immunotherapy in combination with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Cancer Lett. 2019;452:66–70.PubMedCrossRef Yu WD, Sun G, Li J, Xu J, Wang X. Mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of cancer immunotherapy in combination with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Cancer Lett. 2019;452:66–70.PubMedCrossRef
15.
17.
go back to reference Weichselbaum RR, Liang H, Deng L, Fu YX. Radiotherapy and immunotherapy: a beneficial liaison? Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14(6):365–79.PubMedCrossRef Weichselbaum RR, Liang H, Deng L, Fu YX. Radiotherapy and immunotherapy: a beneficial liaison? Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14(6):365–79.PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Pointer KB, Pitroda SP, Weichselbaum RR. Radiotherapy and immunotherapy: open questions and future strategies. Trends Cancer. 2022;8(1):9–20.PubMedCrossRef Pointer KB, Pitroda SP, Weichselbaum RR. Radiotherapy and immunotherapy: open questions and future strategies. Trends Cancer. 2022;8(1):9–20.PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Liu Y, Dong Y, Kong L, Shi F, Zhu H, Yu J. Abscopal effect of radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Hematol Oncol. 2018;11(1):104.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Liu Y, Dong Y, Kong L, Shi F, Zhu H, Yu J. Abscopal effect of radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Hematol Oncol. 2018;11(1):104.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Donlon NE, Power R, Hayes C, Reynolds JV, Lysaght J. Radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and the tumour microenvironment: turning an immunosuppressive milieu into a therapeutic opportunity. Cancer Lett. 2021;502:84–96.PubMedCrossRef Donlon NE, Power R, Hayes C, Reynolds JV, Lysaght J. Radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and the tumour microenvironment: turning an immunosuppressive milieu into a therapeutic opportunity. Cancer Lett. 2021;502:84–96.PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Wang Y, Deng W, Li N, Neri S, Sharma A, Jiang W, Lin SH. Combining immunotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer treatment: current challenges and future directions. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:185.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Wang Y, Deng W, Li N, Neri S, Sharma A, Jiang W, Lin SH. Combining immunotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer treatment: current challenges and future directions. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:185.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Walle T, Martinez Monge R, Cerwenka A, Ajona D, Melero I, Lecanda F. Radiation effects on antitumor immune responses: current perspectives and challenges. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2018;10:1758834017742575.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Walle T, Martinez Monge R, Cerwenka A, Ajona D, Melero I, Lecanda F. Radiation effects on antitumor immune responses: current perspectives and challenges. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2018;10:1758834017742575.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Shen R, Liu D, Wang X, Guo Z, Sun H, Song Y, Wang D. DNA damage and activation of cGAS/STING pathway induce tumor microenvironment remodeling. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:828657.PubMedCrossRef Shen R, Liu D, Wang X, Guo Z, Sun H, Song Y, Wang D. DNA damage and activation of cGAS/STING pathway induce tumor microenvironment remodeling. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:828657.PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Huang RX, Zhou PK. DNA damage response signaling pathways and targets for radiotherapy sensitization in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020;5(1):60.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Huang RX, Zhou PK. DNA damage response signaling pathways and targets for radiotherapy sensitization in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020;5(1):60.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Shi F, Su J, Wang J, Liu Z, Wang T. Activation of STING inhibits cervical cancer tumor growth through enhancing the anti-tumor immune response. Mol Cell Biochem. 2021;476(2):1015–24.PubMedCrossRef Shi F, Su J, Wang J, Liu Z, Wang T. Activation of STING inhibits cervical cancer tumor growth through enhancing the anti-tumor immune response. Mol Cell Biochem. 2021;476(2):1015–24.PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Krysko DV, Garg AD, Kaczmarek A, Krysko O, Agostinis P, Vandenabeele P. Immunogenic cell death and DAMPs in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2012;12(12):860–75.PubMedCrossRef Krysko DV, Garg AD, Kaczmarek A, Krysko O, Agostinis P, Vandenabeele P. Immunogenic cell death and DAMPs in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2012;12(12):860–75.PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Oltean T, Lippens L, Lemeire K, De Tender C, Vuylsteke M, Denys H, Vandecasteele K, Vandenabeele P, Adjemian S. Association of cell death markers with tumor immune cell infiltrates after chemo-radiation in cervical cancer. Front Oncol. 2022;12:892813.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Oltean T, Lippens L, Lemeire K, De Tender C, Vuylsteke M, Denys H, Vandecasteele K, Vandenabeele P, Adjemian S. Association of cell death markers with tumor immune cell infiltrates after chemo-radiation in cervical cancer. Front Oncol. 2022;12:892813.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Yang M, Olaoba OT, Zhang C, Kimchi ET, Staveley-O'Carroll KF, Li G: Cancer immunotherapy and delivery system: an update. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(8):1630. Yang M, Olaoba OT, Zhang C, Kimchi ET, Staveley-O'Carroll KF, Li G: Cancer immunotherapy and delivery system: an update. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(8):1630.
31.
go back to reference Frenel JS, Le Tourneau C, O'Neil B, Ott PA, Piha-Paul SA, Gomez-Roca C, van Brummelen EMJ, Rugo HS, Thomas S, Saraf S, et al. Safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab in advanced, programmed death ligand 1-positive cervical cancer: results from the phase Ib KEYNOTE-028 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(36):4035–41.PubMedCrossRef Frenel JS, Le Tourneau C, O'Neil B, Ott PA, Piha-Paul SA, Gomez-Roca C, van Brummelen EMJ, Rugo HS, Thomas S, Saraf S, et al. Safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab in advanced, programmed death ligand 1-positive cervical cancer: results from the phase Ib KEYNOTE-028 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(36):4035–41.PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Chung HC, Ros W, Delord JP, Perets R, Italiano A, Shapira-Frommer R, Manzuk L, Piha-Paul SA, Xu L, Zeigenfuss S, et al. Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in previously treated advanced cervical cancer: results from the phase II KEYNOTE-158 study. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(17):1470–8.PubMedCrossRef Chung HC, Ros W, Delord JP, Perets R, Italiano A, Shapira-Frommer R, Manzuk L, Piha-Paul SA, Xu L, Zeigenfuss S, et al. Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in previously treated advanced cervical cancer: results from the phase II KEYNOTE-158 study. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(17):1470–8.PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Xu Q, Wang J, Sun Y, Lin Y, Liu J, Zhuo Y, Huang Z, Huang S, Chen Y, Chen L, et al. Efficacy and safety of sintilimab plus anlotinib for PD-L1-positive recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: a multicenter, single-arm, prospective phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(16):1795–805.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Xu Q, Wang J, Sun Y, Lin Y, Liu J, Zhuo Y, Huang Z, Huang S, Chen Y, Chen L, et al. Efficacy and safety of sintilimab plus anlotinib for PD-L1-positive recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: a multicenter, single-arm, prospective phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(16):1795–805.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Nishio S, Yonemori K, Usami T, Minobe S, Yunokawa M, Iwata T, Okamoto A, Aoki Y, Itamochi H, Takekuma M, et al. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in Japanese patients with persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: results from KEYNOTE-826. Cancer Sci. 2022;113(11):3877–87.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Nishio S, Yonemori K, Usami T, Minobe S, Yunokawa M, Iwata T, Okamoto A, Aoki Y, Itamochi H, Takekuma M, et al. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in Japanese patients with persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: results from KEYNOTE-826. Cancer Sci. 2022;113(11):3877–87.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Vicier C, Isambert N, Cropet C, Hamimed M, Osanno L, Legrand F, de La Motte RT, Ciccolini J, Goncalves A. MOVIE: a phase I, open-label, multicenter study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of metronomic vinorelbine combined with durvalumab plus tremelimumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. ESMO Open. 2022;7(6):100646.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Vicier C, Isambert N, Cropet C, Hamimed M, Osanno L, Legrand F, de La Motte RT, Ciccolini J, Goncalves A. MOVIE: a phase I, open-label, multicenter study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of metronomic vinorelbine combined with durvalumab plus tremelimumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. ESMO Open. 2022;7(6):100646.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
36.
go back to reference • O'Malley DM, Neffa M, Monk BJ, Melkadze T, Huang M, Kryzhanivska A, Bulat I, Meniawy TM, Bagameri A, Wang EW et al: Dual PD-1 and CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade using balstilimab and zalifrelimab combination as second-line treatment for advanced cervical cancer: an open-label phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2022, 40(7):762-771. An open-label phase II study suggested dual PD-1 and CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade combination as second-line treatment for advanced cervical cancer. • O'Malley DM, Neffa M, Monk BJ, Melkadze T, Huang M, Kryzhanivska A, Bulat I, Meniawy TM, Bagameri A, Wang EW et al: Dual PD-1 and CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade using balstilimab and zalifrelimab combination as second-line treatment for advanced cervical cancer: an open-label phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2022, 40(7):762-771. An open-label phase II study suggested dual PD-1 and CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade combination as second-line treatment for advanced cervical cancer.
38.
go back to reference • Ahmed K, Quick A, Bixel K, Kim Y, Lemerond E, Chon H, Chern J, Fernandez D, Hoffman M, Kim S: Atezolizumab and stereotactic body radiation therapy in metastatic, recurrent or persistent cervical cancer: interim results from a non-randomized, open-label phase II multi-institutional study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2022;114(3):S89-S90. The phase II multi-institutional trial showed that atezolizumab and SBRT was well tolerated in the first stage of the phase II trial. • Ahmed K, Quick A, Bixel K, Kim Y, Lemerond E, Chon H, Chern J, Fernandez D, Hoffman M, Kim S: Atezolizumab and stereotactic body radiation therapy in metastatic, recurrent or persistent cervical cancer: interim results from a non-randomized, open-label phase II multi-institutional study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2022;114(3):S89-S90. The phase II multi-institutional trial showed that atezolizumab and SBRT was well tolerated in the first stage of the phase II trial.
39.
go back to reference Da Silva DM, Enserro DM, Mayadev JS, Skeate JG, Matsuo K, Pham HQ, Lankes HA, Moxley KM, Ghamande SA, Lin YG, et al. Immune activation in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with ipilimumab following definitive chemoradiation (GOG-9929). Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26(21):5621–30.PubMedCrossRef Da Silva DM, Enserro DM, Mayadev JS, Skeate JG, Matsuo K, Pham HQ, Lankes HA, Moxley KM, Ghamande SA, Lin YG, et al. Immune activation in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with ipilimumab following definitive chemoradiation (GOG-9929). Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26(21):5621–30.PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference • De Jaeghere EA, Tuyaerts S, Van Nuffel AMT, Belmans A, Bogaerts K, Baiden-Amissah R, Lippens L, Vuylsteke P, Henry S, Trinh XB et al: Pembrolizumab, radiotherapy, and an immunomodulatory five-drug cocktail in pretreated patients with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical or endometrial carcinoma: Results of the phase II PRIMMO study. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2023, 72(2):475-491. Results of the phase II PRIMMO study showed that pembrolizumab, radiotherapy, and an IDC had modest but durable antitumor activity with acceptable but not negligible toxicity. • De Jaeghere EA, Tuyaerts S, Van Nuffel AMT, Belmans A, Bogaerts K, Baiden-Amissah R, Lippens L, Vuylsteke P, Henry S, Trinh XB et al: Pembrolizumab, radiotherapy, and an immunomodulatory five-drug cocktail in pretreated patients with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical or endometrial carcinoma: Results of the phase II PRIMMO study. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2023, 72(2):475-491. Results of the phase II PRIMMO study showed that pembrolizumab, radiotherapy, and an IDC had modest but durable antitumor activity with acceptable but not negligible toxicity.
42.
go back to reference Feng CH, Mell LK, Sharabi AB, McHale M, Mayadev JS. Immunotherapy with radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2020;30(4):273–80.PubMedCrossRef Feng CH, Mell LK, Sharabi AB, McHale M, Mayadev JS. Immunotherapy with radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2020;30(4):273–80.PubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Schneider BJ, Naidoo J, Santomasso BD, Lacchetti C, Adkins S, Anadkat M, Atkins MB, Brassil KJ, Caterino JM, Chau I, et al. Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: ASCO guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2021;39(36):4073–126.PubMedCrossRef Schneider BJ, Naidoo J, Santomasso BD, Lacchetti C, Adkins S, Anadkat M, Atkins MB, Brassil KJ, Caterino JM, Chau I, et al. Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: ASCO guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2021;39(36):4073–126.PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Raschi E, Gatti M, Gelsomino F, Ardizzoni A, Poluzzi E, De Ponti F. Lessons to be learnt from real-world studies on immune-related adverse events with checkpoint inhibitors: a clinical perspective from pharmacovigilance. Target Oncol. 2020;15(4):449–66.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Raschi E, Gatti M, Gelsomino F, Ardizzoni A, Poluzzi E, De Ponti F. Lessons to be learnt from real-world studies on immune-related adverse events with checkpoint inhibitors: a clinical perspective from pharmacovigilance. Target Oncol. 2020;15(4):449–66.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Dolladille C, Ederhy S, Sassier M, Cautela J, Thuny F, Cohen AA, Fedrizzi S, Chretien B, Da-Silva A, Plane AF, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge after immune-related adverse events in patients with cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(6):865–71.PubMedCrossRef Dolladille C, Ederhy S, Sassier M, Cautela J, Thuny F, Cohen AA, Fedrizzi S, Chretien B, Da-Silva A, Plane AF, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge after immune-related adverse events in patients with cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(6):865–71.PubMedCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Duska LR, Scalici JM, Temkin SM, Schwarz JK, Crane EK, Moxley KM, Hamilton CA, Wethington SL, Petroni GR, Varhegyi NE, et al. Results of an early safety analysis of a study of the combination of pembrolizumab and pelvic chemoradiation in locally advanced cervical cancer. Cancer. 2020;126(22):4948–56.PubMedCrossRef Duska LR, Scalici JM, Temkin SM, Schwarz JK, Crane EK, Moxley KM, Hamilton CA, Wethington SL, Petroni GR, Varhegyi NE, et al. Results of an early safety analysis of a study of the combination of pembrolizumab and pelvic chemoradiation in locally advanced cervical cancer. Cancer. 2020;126(22):4948–56.PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Mayadev JS, Enserro D, Lin YG, Da Silva DM, Lankes HA, Aghajanian C, Ghamande S, Moore KN, Kennedy VA, Fracasso PM, et al. Sequential ipilimumab after chemoradiotherapy in curative-intent treatment of patients with node-positive cervical cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(1):92–9.PubMedCrossRef Mayadev JS, Enserro D, Lin YG, Da Silva DM, Lankes HA, Aghajanian C, Ghamande S, Moore KN, Kennedy VA, Fracasso PM, et al. Sequential ipilimumab after chemoradiotherapy in curative-intent treatment of patients with node-positive cervical cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(1):92–9.PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Mayadev J, Zamarin D, Deng W, Lankes H, O'Cearbhaill R, Aghajanian CA, Schilder R. Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) as an immune primer and concurrently with extended-field chemoradiotherapy for node-positive locally advanced cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2020;30(5):701–4.PubMedCrossRef Mayadev J, Zamarin D, Deng W, Lankes H, O'Cearbhaill R, Aghajanian CA, Schilder R. Anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) as an immune primer and concurrently with extended-field chemoradiotherapy for node-positive locally advanced cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2020;30(5):701–4.PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Mayadev J, Zamarin D, Deng W, Lankes H, Pesci G, Park K, Banbury B, Sherry N, Ghamande S, Holman L. Safety and immunogenicity of anti PD-L1 (atezolizumab) given as an immune primer or concurrently with extended field chemoradiotherapy for node positive locally advanced cervical cancer: an NRG Oncology trial (024). Gynecol Oncol. 2022;166:S18–9.CrossRef Mayadev J, Zamarin D, Deng W, Lankes H, Pesci G, Park K, Banbury B, Sherry N, Ghamande S, Holman L. Safety and immunogenicity of anti PD-L1 (atezolizumab) given as an immune primer or concurrently with extended field chemoradiotherapy for node positive locally advanced cervical cancer: an NRG Oncology trial (024). Gynecol Oncol. 2022;166:S18–9.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Combining Radiotherapy with Immunotherapy in Cervical Cancer: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Going?
Authors
Yan Peng
Hongxiang Yan
Wuxuan Mei
Pengfei Zhang
Changchun Zeng
Publication date
03-08-2023
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Treatment Options in Oncology / Issue 10/2023
Print ISSN: 1527-2729
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6277
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-023-01128-6

Other articles of this Issue 10/2023

Current Treatment Options in Oncology 10/2023 Go to the issue
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine