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Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
Published in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 3/2016

01-02-2016 | Epidemiology

Healthy dietary patterns and risk of breast cancer by molecular subtype

Authors: Kelly A. Hirko, Walter C. Willett, Susan E. Hankinson, Bernard A. Rosner, Andrew H. Beck, Rulla M. Tamimi, A. Heather Eliassen

Published in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment | Issue 3/2016

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Abstract

We examined associations between dietary quality indices and breast cancer risk by molecular subtype among 100,643 women in the prospective Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) cohort, followed from 1984 to 2006. Dietary quality scores for the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary patterns were calculated from semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires collected every 2–4 years. Breast cancer molecular subtypes were defined according to estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6), and epidermal growth factor receptor status from immunostained tumor microarrays in combination with histologic grade. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age and breast cancer risk factors, were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Competing risk analyses were used to assess heterogeneity by subtype. We did not observe any significant associations between the AHEI or aMED dietary patterns and risk of breast cancer by molecular subtype. However, a significantly reduced risk of HER2-type breast cancer was observed among women in 5th versus 1st quintile of the DASH dietary pattern [n = 134 cases, Q5 vs. Q1 HR (95 % CI) = 0.44 (0.25–0.77)], and the inverse trend across quintiles was significant (p trend = 0.02). We did not observe any heterogeneity in associations between AHEI (p het = 0.25), aMED (p het = 0.71), and DASH (p het = 0.12) dietary patterns and breast cancer by subtype. Adherence to the AHEI, aMED, and DASH dietary patterns was not strongly associated with breast cancer molecular subtypes.
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Metadata
Title
Healthy dietary patterns and risk of breast cancer by molecular subtype
Authors
Kelly A. Hirko
Walter C. Willett
Susan E. Hankinson
Bernard A. Rosner
Andrew H. Beck
Rulla M. Tamimi
A. Heather Eliassen
Publication date
01-02-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment / Issue 3/2016
Print ISSN: 0167-6806
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7217
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-016-3706-2

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