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Pediatric Nephrology
Published in: Pediatric Nephrology 9/2022

30-11-2021 | Acute Kidney Injury | Educational Review

Acute kidney injury in pediatrics: an overview focusing on pathophysiology

Authors: Ana Flávia Lima Ruas, Gabriel Malheiros Lébeis, Nicholas Bianco de Castro, Vitória Andrade Palmeira, Larissa Braga Costa, Katharina Lanza, Ana Cristina Simões e Silva

Published in: Pediatric Nephrology | Issue 9/2022

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Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as an abrupt decline in glomerular filtration rate, with increased serum creatinine and nitrogenous waste products due to several possible etiologies. Incidence in the pediatric population is estimated to be 3.9 per 1,000 hospitalizations, and prevalence among children admitted to intensive care units is 26.9%. Despite being a condition with important incidence and morbimortality, further evidence on pathophysiology and management among the pediatric population is still lacking. This narrative review aimed to summarize and discuss current data on AKI pathophysiology in the pediatric population, considering all the physiological particularities of this age range and common etiologies. Additionally, we reported current diagnostic tools, novel biomarkers, and newly proposed medications that have been studied with the aim of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of AKI in the future.
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Metadata
Title
Acute kidney injury in pediatrics: an overview focusing on pathophysiology
Authors
Ana Flávia Lima Ruas
Gabriel Malheiros Lébeis
Nicholas Bianco de Castro
Vitória Andrade Palmeira
Larissa Braga Costa
Katharina Lanza
Ana Cristina Simões e Silva
Publication date
30-11-2021
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Nephrology / Issue 9/2022
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-021-05346-8

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