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European Journal of Nutrition

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Open Access 01-02-2022 | Colorectal Cancer | Original Contribution

Diet quality indices and gastrointestinal cancer risk: results from the Lifelines study

Authors: Sara Moazzen, Francisco O. Cortes-Ibañez, Bert van der Vegt, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh, Geertruida H. de Bock

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the long-term association between four dietary quality indices and the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer.

Methods

Baseline details of the dietary intake of participants, assessed by a single food frequency questionnaire from the prospective Lifelines population-based cohort were translated to diet quality scores using several dietary and dietary-lifestyle indices. Incident cases of GI cancer were then assessed by linkage to the Dutch nationwide histo-cytopathology registry. The association between GI cancer risk and diet quality (defined as higher quintiles on dietary indices compared to the first quintile) was assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazard models.

Results

We included 72,695 participants aged 51.20 ± 8.71 years with a median follow-up to cancer diagnosis of 8 years (interquartile range 2 years). During follow-up, 434 colorectal cancers and 139 upper GI cancers were diagnosed. There was a significant reduction in colorectal cancer risk for high categories in the American Cancer Society (ACS) Index (hazard ratio 0.62; 95% CI 0.46–0.84). However, high dietary index scores were not associated with strong beneficial effects on upper GI cancer risk.

Conclusion

High quintiles on the ACS Index were associated with a significantly reduced risk of colorectal cancer. This index may be of use in a colorectal cancer prevention program.

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Title: Diet quality indices and gastrointestinal cancer risk: results from the Lifelines study
Authors: Sara Moazzen
Francisco O. Cortes-Ibañez
Bert van der Vegt
Behrooz Z. Alizadeh
Geertruida H. de Bock
Publication date: 01-02-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal Cancer
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02648-3

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Abstract

Objective

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