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Gastric Cancer

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Open Access 01-07-2019 | Gastric Cancer | Original Article

Mediterranean diet adherence and risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes in the Netherlands Cohort Study

Authors: Maya Schulpen, Petra H. Peeters, Piet A. van den Brandt

Published in: Gastric Cancer | Issue 4/2019

Abstract

Background

Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence has been associated with reduced risks of esophageal and gastric cancer (subtypes) in a limited number of studies. We prospectively investigated associations between MD adherence and risks of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) in a Dutch cohort.

Methods

Analyses were conducted using data from the 120852 participants of the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS), who were aged between 55 and 69 years at enrollment. Various MD scores, with and without alcohol, were calculated to estimate MD adherence. Using 20.3 years of follow-up, 133 ESCC, 200 EAC, 191 GCA, and 586 GNCA cases could be included in multivariable Cox regression analyses.

Results

Of the investigated scores, the alternate Mediterranean diet score without alcohol (aMEDr) performed best. aMEDr was inversely associated with risks of GCA and GNCA in men and women. However, statistical significance was only reached in men [p_trend: 0.019 (GCA), 0.016 (GNCA)]. Furthermore, higher aMEDr values were significantly associated with a reduced ESCC risk in men [HR_{per two−point increment} (95% CI) = 0.57 (0.41–0.80), p_trend = 0.013], but not in women (p_{heterogeneity} = 0.008). There was no evidence of an association between aMEDr and EAC risk. Educational level was a significant effect modifier for the association between aMEDr and GNCA risk (p_{heterogeneity} = 0.0073).

Conclusions

Higher MD adherence was associated with reduced risks of ESCC, GCA, and GNCA in the NLCS. However, the decreased ESCC risk might be limited to men.

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Title: Mediterranean diet adherence and risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes in the Netherlands Cohort Study
Authors: Maya Schulpen
Petra H. Peeters
Piet A. van den Brandt
Publication date: 01-07-2019
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Keywords: Gastric Cancer
Gastric Cancer
Published in: Gastric Cancer / Issue 4/2019
Print ISSN: 1436-3291
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3305
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10120-019-00927-x

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Conclusions

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