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Open Access 01-02-2020 | Original Contribution

An inverse association between the Mediterranean diet and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 13 cohort studies

Authors: Willem J. A. Witlox, Frits H. M. van Osch, Maree Brinkman, Sylvia Jochems, Maria E. Goossens, Elisabete Weiderpass, Emily White, Piet A. van den Brandt, Graham G. Giles, Roger L. Milne, Inge Huybrechts, Hans-Olov Adami, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Anke Wesselius, Maurice P. Zeegers

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Purpose

The role of diet in bladder carcinogenesis has yet to be established. To date most studies have investigated dietary components individually, rather than as dietary patterns, which may provide stronger evidence for any influence of diet on bladder carcinogenesis. The Mediterranean diet has been associated with many health benefits, but few studies have investigated its association with bladder cancer risk.

Methods

We investigated the potential association between the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) and risk of developing bladder cancer by pooling 13 prospective cohort studies included in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) study and applying a Cox regression analysis.

Results

Dietary data from 646,222 study participants, including 3639 incident bladder cancer cases, were analysed. We observed an inverse association between Mediterranean diet and bladder cancer risk (HR_high 0.85 [95% CI 0.77, 0.93]). When stratifying the results on non-muscle-invasive or muscle-invasive disease or sex the association remained similar and the HR estimate was consistently below 1.00 both for medium and high adherence to the Mediterranean diet. A consistent association was observed when disregarding fat or alcohol intake.

Conclusion

We found evidence that adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with reduced risk of developing bladder cancer, suggesting a positive effect of the diet as a whole and not just one component.

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Title: An inverse association between the Mediterranean diet and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 13 cohort studies
Authors: Willem J. A. Witlox
Frits H. M. van Osch
Maree Brinkman
Sylvia Jochems
Maria E. Goossens
Elisabete Weiderpass
Emily White
Piet A. van den Brandt
Graham G. Giles
Roger L. Milne
Inge Huybrechts
Hans-Olov Adami
Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
Anke Wesselius
Maurice P. Zeegers
Publication date: 01-02-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2020
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-01907-8

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