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Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 3/2011

Open Access 01-09-2011 | Original Article

Pharmacokinetics of aprepitant and dexamethasone after administration of chemotherapeutic agents and effects of plasma substance P concentration on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in Japanese cancer patients

Authors: Toshiaki Takahashi, Yukiko Nakamura, Asuka Tsuya, Haruyasu Murakami, Masahiro Endo, Nobuyuki Yamamoto

Published in: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology | Issue 3/2011

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Abstract

Purpose

This study was conducted to determine the pharmacokinetics of aprepitant and dexamethasone as well as the relationship between the plasma concentration of substance P and nausea/vomiting in Japanese cancer patients.

Methods

After administration of aprepitant (125/80 mg group [10 patients]: 125 mg on day 1 and 80 mg on days 2–5; 40/25 mg group [10 patients]: 40 mg on day 1 and 25 mg on days 2–5) and dexamethasone (6 mg on day 1 and 4 mg on days 2 and 3 in the 125/80 mg group, and 8 mg on day 1 and 6 mg on days 2 and 3 in the 40/25 mg group) to Japanese cancer patients receiving at least moderately emetogenic antitumor agents, the plasma concentrations of aprepitant, dexamethasone, and substance P were measured.

Results

All of 20 patients were treated with the highly emetogenic agent cisplatin (≥70 mg/m2). The Cmax and AUC0–24 h of aprepitant in Japanese cancer patients were similar with those in non-Japanese patients. The clearance of dexamethasone in the 125/80 mg group was approximately one-half of that previously determined in the absence of aprepitant. The substance P concentration in plasma significantly increased only in patients with delayed nausea/vomiting.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated similar plasma pharmacokinetics of aprepitant in Japanese and non-Japanese, the validity of reducing dexamethasone dose, and the existence of increased plasma substance P concentration in patients receiving highly emetogenic cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
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Metadata
Title
Pharmacokinetics of aprepitant and dexamethasone after administration of chemotherapeutic agents and effects of plasma substance P concentration on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in Japanese cancer patients
Authors
Toshiaki Takahashi
Yukiko Nakamura
Asuka Tsuya
Haruyasu Murakami
Masahiro Endo
Nobuyuki Yamamoto
Publication date
01-09-2011
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology / Issue 3/2011
Print ISSN: 0344-5704
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0843
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-010-1519-2

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