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Diabetologia
Published in: Diabetologia 3/2016

01-03-2016 | Review

Blood-based signatures in type 1 diabetes

Authors: Susanne M. Cabrera, Yi-Guang Chen, William A. Hagopian, Martin J. Hessner

Published in: Diabetologia | Issue 3/2016

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Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. It develops through autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells and results in lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin. The pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes involves a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors and has historically been attributed to aberrant adaptive immunity; however, there is increasing evidence for a role of innate inflammation. Over the past decade new methodologies for the analysis of nucleic acid and protein signals have been applied to type 1 diabetes. These studies are providing a new understanding of type 1 diabetes pathogenesis and have the potential to inform the development of new biomarkers for predicting diabetes onset and monitoring therapeutic interventions. In this review we will focus on blood-based signatures in type 1 diabetes, with special attention to both direct transcriptomic analyses of whole blood and immunocyte subsets, as well as plasma/serum-induced transcriptional signatures. Attention will also be given to proteomics, microRNA assays and markers of beta cell death. We will also discuss the results of blood-based profiling in type 1 diabetes within the context of the genetic and environmental factors implicated in the natural history of autoimmune diabetes.
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Metadata
Title
Blood-based signatures in type 1 diabetes
Authors
Susanne M. Cabrera
Yi-Guang Chen
William A. Hagopian
Martin J. Hessner
Publication date
01-03-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Diabetologia / Issue 3/2016
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-015-3843-x

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