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22-05-2023 | Review

New small molecules in dermatology: for the autoimmunity, inflammation and beyond

Authors: Paulo Ricardo Criado, Daniel Lorenzini, Hélio Amante Miot, Roberto Bueno-Filho, Francisca Regina Oliveira Carneiro, Mayra Ianhez

Published in: Inflammation Research | Issue 6/2023

Abstract

Objective and design

The discovery of new inflammatory pathways and the mechanism of action of inflammatory, autoimmune, genetic, and neoplastic diseases led to the development of immunologically driven drugs. We aimed to perform a narrative review regarding the rising of a new class of drugs capable of blocking important and specific intracellular signals in the maintenance of these pathologies: the small molecules.

Materials/methods

A total of 114 scientific papers were enrolled in this narrative review.

Results

We describe in detail the families of protein kinases—Janus Kinase (JAK), Src kinase, Syk tyrosine kinase, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK), and Bruton Tyrosine Kinase (BTK)—their physiologic function and new drugs that block these pathways of intracellular signaling. We also detail the involved cytokines and the main metabolic and clinical implications of these new medications in the field of dermatology.

Conclusions

Despite having lower specificity compared to specific immunobiological therapies, these new drugs are effective in a wide variety of dermatological diseases, especially diseases that had few therapeutic options, such as psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, and vitiligo.

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Title: New small molecules in dermatology: for the autoimmunity, inflammation and beyond
Authors: Paulo Ricardo Criado
Daniel Lorenzini
Hélio Amante Miot
Roberto Bueno-Filho
Francisca Regina Oliveira Carneiro
Mayra Ianhez
Publication date: 22-05-2023
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: Inflammation Research / Issue 6/2023
Print ISSN: 1023-3830
Electronic ISSN: 1420-908X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-023-01744-w

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