The continuing growth in the prevalence of overweight and obesity is a cause of serious concern in all regions of the world, and the phenomenon is increasingly taking the form of a global pandemic. In 2015, a total of 603.7 million adults were …
Authors:
Vincenzo Atella, Federico Belotti, Matilde Giaccherini, Gerardo Medea, Andrea Piano Mortari, Paolo Sbraccia, Antonio Nicolucci
Hyperglycemia during pregnancy is a well-recognized risk factor for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes in the short and long term [ 1 , 2 ]. Maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy can increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes such as preterm …
Authors:
Jing Peng, Li Zhang, Lijuan Zheng, Zixia Mai, Lulu Song, Qing Liu, Jianing Bi, Xiya Qin, Qing Fang, Guozhen Chen, Gaojie Fan, Guocheng Liu, Youjie Wang
Defensins are small molecules (2–5 kDa) that play an important role in the innate and adaptive defence system. They belong to a large family of antimicrobial peptides of ancient conservation. Humans express two subfamilies, Alpha- and …
Authors:
Angie Tegehall, Sofie Ingvast, Lars Krogvold, Knut Dahl-Jørgensen, Olle Korsgren
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are two new kinds of antidiabetic agents. Apart from their glucose-lowering effects, they are able to significantly reduce cardio-renal …
According to estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, the age-standardized prevalence of diabetes, mostly type 2 diabetes, has increased worldwide by 90.5% between 1990 and 2021 and is expected to further …
Authors:
Martina Vitale, Emanuela Orsi, Anna Solini, Monia Garofolo, Valeria Grancini, Enzo Bonora, Cecilia Fondelli, Roberto Trevisan, Monica Vedovato, Giuseppe Penno, Antonio Nicolucci, Giuseppe Pugliese, for the Renal Insufficiency And Cardiovascular Events (RIACE) Study Group*
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions during childhood. Its incidence and prevalence have steadily increased worldwide, posing a growing burden on public health [ 1 ].
Authors:
Vanna Graziani, Tosca Suprani, Paolo Di Bartolo, Federico Marchetti, TransiDEA study group
The worldwide prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is growing, including in women in reproductive age [ 1 ]. Consequently, pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes are becoming an increasing concern. The interplay between maternal …
Authors:
Tamara Teixeira, Amanda Godoi, Pedro Romeiro, João Vitor Levindo Coelho Novaes, Flavia Maria de Freitas Faria, Sacha Pereira, Rodrigo Nunes Lamounier
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic health condition characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreatic islets, resulting in an absolute insulin deficiency. Globally, T1D affects over 8.4 million people, with 1.5 million of …
Authors:
Xinran Qin, Ying Xiao, Lipu Cui, Shuli Chen, Qingyu An, Tianyi Yuan, Yiwei Wu, Qiurong Lin, Chenhao Yang, Haidong Zou
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) stands as the primary cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Approximately 30% of type 1 diabetic patients and 40% of type 2 diabetic patients will develop DKD, and it is estimated …
Authors:
Yuanshuo Fan, Juan He, Lixin Shi, Miao Zhang, Ye Chen, Lifen Xu, Na Han, Yuecheng Jiang
The term steatotic liver disease (SLD) has been recently chosen as the overarching definition of hepatic steatosis identified by imaging or biopsy [ 1 ]. It includes metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known …
Pneumococcal disease is a leading cause of hospitalization in the elderly and in patients with chronic comorbidities [ 1 ]. Individuals with diabetes (DM) are at increased risk for bacteremic forms of pneumococcal infection with mortality rates as …
Authors:
Giovanni Antonio Silverii, Giovanni Gabutti, Silvio Tafuri, Francesca Sarti, Anna Pratesi, Alessandra Clerico, Riccardo Fornengo, Carla Greco, Concetta Irace, Valeria Sordi, Gian Pio Sorice, Massimiliano Cavallo, Maria Chantal Ponziani, Edoardo Mannucci, Ilaria Dicembrini, the SID-AMD-SItI Working Group on Diabetes, Vaccines
Open Access
18-04-2024 | Dapagliflozin | Original Article
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and eventual functional failure of pancreatic beta cells [ 1 ]. Over the last few decades, the prevalence of T2D has increased globally, rising from 3.9 to …
Authors:
Paolo Angelo Cortesi, Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo, Pasquale Palladino, Marco Gnesi, Silvia Mele, Marco D’Amelio, Elena Zanzottera Ferrari, Giampiero Mazzaglia, Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani
Open Access
17-04-2024 | Insulins | Original Article
Insulin resistance is a common pathogenic ground for many highly prevalent diseases. These include atherogenic dyslipidemia [ 1 ], type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension [ 1 ], and closely related cardiovascular disease and renal dysfunction [ 1 …
Authors:
Vincenzo Trischitta, Alessandra Antonucci, Claudia Menzaghi, Antonella Marucci, Rosa Di Paola
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global systemic chronic condition. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of DM [ 1 ]. It will affect approximately 50% of patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes [ 2 ]. If treatment is not …
Subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are routinely screened for celiac disease (CD), and the importance of diagnosis and treating CD lies with the potential complications: osteoporosis, iron-deficiency anemia, lymphoma, small-bowel cancer, and …
Obesity is characterized by the accumulation of excess body fat, primarily resulting from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure [ 1 ]. Obesity has emerged as a significant public health concern, affecting approximately 700 million …
Metabolic health (MH) refers to the comprehensive risk assessment of multiple diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is characterized by healthy blood …
Total hemoglobin mass, the absolute mass of hemoglobin contained in red blood cells, determines oxygen transport capacity and strongly correlates to maximal oxygen consumption [ 1 ]. Patients with type 2 diabetes exhibit on average a 20% decline in …
Authors:
Frank Wojan, Sten Stray-Gundersen, Jiahui Zhao, Sophie Lalande
The incidence and prevalence of chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) are dramatically increasing among patients with diabetes [ 1 ]. CLTI is characterized by the presence of rest pain, gangrene, or lower limb ulceration > 2 weeks duration [ 1 …
Authors:
Matteo Monami, Antonio Silverii, Cesare Miranda, Luca Monge, Luigi Uccioli, Germano Scevola, Eugenio Stabile, Mauro Gargiulo, Alessia Scatena, Benedetta Ragghianti, Cristiana Vermigli, for the Panel of the Italian Guidelines for the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Syndrome and on behalf of SID and AMD
