T2DM is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases known as non-insulin-dependent. In 2017, approximately 4 million adults passed away due to diabetes, and nearly half of them were younger than 60 years old [ 1 ]. Ninety-five percent of diabetes …
Authors:
Mohammad Tobeiha, Negin Amin, Mohammad Esmaeil Shahaboddin, Mashallah Tabatabaizadeh, Sadegh Jafarnejad
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complicated long-term metabolic disorder that can be further categorised into type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) classification [ 1 ]. However, it is suggested …
From 2015 to 2017, the Endocrinology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association conducted an epidemiological survey on diabetes in 31 provinces in China, revealing a prevalence of 11.2% among Chinese adults aged 18 and older [ 1 ]. Diabetic kidney …
Authors:
Jiadian Huang, Dengke Liu, Haixia Zeng, Jianping Liu
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases caused by a variety of etiologies and mainly characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and insufficient insulin secretion or defective insulin action. Chronic carbohydrate, fat, and protein …
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious illness that is caused by the infection of SARS-CoV-2. It presents with symptoms similar to those of influenza, such as fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, headache, and diarrhea. In …
Pregnancy is associated with numerous physiological changes, which sometimes may lead to the development of pregnancy-related complications. An example is the increasing prevalence of hemostatic disorders in pregnant women. This arises from …
Authors:
Raphael Enrique Tiongco, Genevieve Dizon, Miljun Catacata, Michael John Dominguez, Annalyn Navarro, Adrian Villavieja, Maria Ruth Pineda-Cortel
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disease that is characterized by high blood sugar levels. This condition occurs due to either insufficient production of insulin by the pancreas or reduced sensitivity of the body to insulin, or both [ …
Authors:
Baydaa Ahmed Abed, Isam Noori Salman, Ekhlas Abdallah Hassan, Noor Ulhuda G. Mohammed
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders affecting more than 415 million people worldwide [ 1 ]. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 90% of patients with diabetes [ 1 ]. Different cellular and molecular …
Authors:
Niloufar Ghadamyari, Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari, Javad Tolouei Azar, Amir Fattahi
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common disease among pregnant women. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2021 data, the prevalence of GDM was 14% during pregnancy [ 1 ]. GDM is associated with both adverse …
Authors:
Safak Akin, Pinar Ulgen, Busra Sen Yildirim, Eda Karaismailoglu, Ozhan Ozdemir, Nese Ersoz Gulcelik
People living with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have been reported to have 22–37% lower bone mineral density with up to four times greater risk of fractures [ 1 ]. Multiple complex mechanisms are responsible for this increased skeletal fragility including …
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with high prevalence worldwide, causing a significant burden on society and premature mortality [ 1 – 5 ]. DM is caused by high blood glucose levels and disrupted metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and …
Authors:
Selina Quarshie, Aziz Abdul Abdulai Maikaino, Tahiru Alidu, Sampson K. Djonor, George Nkrumah Osei, Richard K D Ephraim
Diabetes mellitus (DM), an increasingly prevalent chronic metabolic disorder, continues to exert significant strain on global health systems. This disease primarily manifests in two forms: Type 1 diabetes, which arises from autoimmune responses …
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMTD), also known as hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, is a common group of single-gene hereditary neuropathy characterized by chronic progressive exacerbation of distal limb weakness, sensory abnormalities, and …
Sleep is among the most important parts of life cycles in the daytime (night and day) and one of the fundamental human needs, which follows a complicated biological rhythm. In most cases, sleep cycle disruption indicates early signs of various …
Authors:
Fatemeh Saffari, Ali Homaei, Samira Dodangeh, Orayneb Batebi, Alireza Razzaghi
Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence continues to increase, particularly in low- and middle-income countries [ 1 ]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diabetes has become one of …
Authors:
Natarajan Lakshmi, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Hari Rakesh, Colin NA Palmer, Viswanathan Mohan, Rajendra Pradeepa
Diabetes-related distress is a term used to describe the negative emotional and psychological impact that living with diabetes can have on an individual. Even though the prevalence of diabetes distress is very high (18–35%), it remains usually …
Authors:
Anjali M., Meenakshi Khapre, Ravi Kant, Prakash Kumar
In the past few decades, the number of people diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus has multiplied about four times [ 1 ]. Type II diabetes mellitus is among the ninth major causes of death globally. T2DM affects approximately 90% of individuals …
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, with the greatest increase seen in countries with low and middle socioeconomic status [ 1 ]. It has been estimated that by the year 2045, around 783.2 million people will be diagnosed with …
Authors:
Ananyaa Dixit, Sumithra N. Unni, Sumitha Prabhu, Sajitha Krishnan PP, Greeshma C. Ravindran
Wound healing is known to be impaired in anemia particularly in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). In patients with diabetes, anemia is more common due to various factors such as poor nutrition, prevalent diabetic nephropathy, or chronic inflammation …
Authors:
Ashu Rastogi, Raveena Singh, Umanath Adhikari, Sudhir A. Kulkarni, Supreet K. Deshpande
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications in pregnancy with a great threat to maternal and neonatal health [ 1 – 3 ]. The prevalence of gestational diabetes varies from 1 to 28% in pregnancy [ 4 , 5 ]. This …
Authors:
Mohammadali Shahriari, Ali Shahriari, Maryam Khooshide, Zeynab Nouraei, Ali Montazeri, Rana Karimi
