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Endocrine
Published in: Endocrine 2/2017

01-11-2017 | Original Article

Is there a role for epithelial-mesenchymal transition in adrenocortical tumors?

Authors: Daniel Bulzico, Paulo Antônio Silvestre de Faria, Camila Bravo Maia, Marcela Pessoa de Paula, Davi Coe Torres, Gerson Moura Ferreira, Bruno Ricardo Barreto Pires, Rocio Hassan, Eliana Abdelhay, Mario Vaisman, Leonardo Vieira Neto

Published in: Endocrine | Issue 2/2017

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Abstract

Purpose

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological dynamic process by which epithelial cells lose their epithelial phenotype and acquire mesenchymal invasive and migratory characteristics. This has been postulated as an essential step during cancer progression and metastasis. Although this is well described in other tumors, the role of EMT in adrenocortical tumors (ACT) has yet to be addressed.

Methods

The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of EMT markers e-cadherin, vimentin, and fibronectin, along with EMT-transcription factors (EMT-TFs), TWIST1, SIP1, and SNAIL in 24 adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), 19 adrenocortical adenomas (ACA), 27 childhood-onset adrenocortical tumors (CAT), and 12 normal adrenal glands. The association of EMT and EMT-TFs with clinical outcomes and pathology features were also evaluated.

Results

Cytoplasmic vimentin expression was increased among CAT samples when compared to ACC, ACA, and normal adrenal samples (p < 0.001). There was no difference in e-cadherin and fibronectin expression observed between groups. Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of TWIST1 and SIP1 was stronger in CAT and ACC vs. ACA and normal tissue samples (all, p < 0.05). ACT, regardless of classification, exhibited increased SNAIL expression when compared to normal tissue (p < 0.05). A significant correlation was observed between vimentin and TWIST1 (r s = 0.44, p < 0.001); SIP1 (r s = 0.51, p < 0.001); and SNAIL (r s = 0.23, p < 0.05). TWIST1 and SIP1 expressions demonstrated a significant correlation (r s = 0.56, p < 0.001). High SIP1 expression was associated with a lower survival rate among ACC cases (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Vimentin, TWIST1, and SIP1 expressions are increased in aggressive ACT. Therefore, EMT may play a relevant role in adrenal tumorigenesis.
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Metadata
Title
Is there a role for epithelial-mesenchymal transition in adrenocortical tumors?
Authors
Daniel Bulzico
Paulo Antônio Silvestre de Faria
Camila Bravo Maia
Marcela Pessoa de Paula
Davi Coe Torres
Gerson Moura Ferreira
Bruno Ricardo Barreto Pires
Rocio Hassan
Eliana Abdelhay
Mario Vaisman
Leonardo Vieira Neto
Publication date
01-11-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Endocrine / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 1355-008X
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0100
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-017-1409-z

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