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European Journal of Nutrition
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition 1/2021

01-02-2021 | Insulins | Original Contribution

Enrichment of bread with beta-glucans or resistant starch induces similar glucose, insulin and appetite hormone responses in healthy adults

Authors: Panagiota Binou, Amalia E. Yanni, Athena Stergiou, Konstantinos Karavasilis, Panagiotis Konstantopoulos, Despoina Perrea, Nikolaos Tentolouris, Vaios T. Karathanos

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Purpose

β-Glucans (βG) and resistant starch (RS) are known for their effects on the improvement of glucose tolerance and enhancement of insulin sensitivity. Enrichment of bread with βG or RS was performed to examine potential postprandial benefits regarding gastrointestinal hormone responses.

Methods

Ten healthy normoglycaemic adults participated in the study and were provided with either a glucose solution (reference food, GS) or bread enriched with β-glucans (βGB) (3.6 g/30 g available CHO) or bread enriched with resistant starch (RSB) (15% of total starch), with 1-week intervals in amounts that yielded 50 g of available carbohydrates. Venous blood samples were collected before consumption and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min postprandially. Glucose, insulin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) responses as well as glycaemic index (GI) and subjective appetite ratings were evaluated.

Results

Ingestion of βGB and RSB elicited lower incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for glycaemic response compared to GS (P < 0.05). Both breads demonstrated a low GI (βGB: 48, RSB: 40). There were no significant differences in insulin response, ghrelin, GLP-1 or PYY between the two breads. A significantly lower desire to eat and higher fullness were detected 15 min after βGB and RSB consumption and until 180 min (P < 0.05 compared to GS).

Conclusion

Enrichment of bread with either βG or RS produced a low GI product but the two breads were not significantly different in relation to insulin, ghrelin, GLP-1 and PYY responses. The development of bread products which cause improved metabolic effects is of great importance for the promotion of public health.
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Metadata
Title
Enrichment of bread with beta-glucans or resistant starch induces similar glucose, insulin and appetite hormone responses in healthy adults
Authors
Panagiota Binou
Amalia E. Yanni
Athena Stergiou
Konstantinos Karavasilis
Panagiotis Konstantopoulos
Despoina Perrea
Nikolaos Tentolouris
Vaios T. Karathanos
Publication date
01-02-2021
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords
Insulins
Insulins
Published in
European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02265-6

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