Successful treatment of severe perianal Crohn’s disease with infliximab in an HIV-positive patient

We present the case of a woman infected with the HIV type 1, controlled with highly active antiretroviral therapy. In the meantime, she developed a severe perianal disease, with complex fistulae and chronic anal fissures. After developing a severe chronic diarrhea, a total ileocolonoscopy with biopsies was performed, showing multiple ileal and segmental colonic erosions. Histology favoured a Crohn’s disease diagnosis. Despite the limited experience of anti-tumour necrosis factor agents in the HIV-infected population, infliximab was started in this patient, due to her severe and symptomatic Crohn’s disease, with a controlled HIV infection. No side effects were reported and her bowel movements and perianal disease improved right after induction regimen with infliximab. 1 year after starting this therapy she is in clinical and endoscopic remission. The CD4+ T-cell count remained stable, the HIV-RNA undetectable and no opportunistic infections were reported during follow-up period. Data concerning the use of anti-tumour necrosis factor drugs is limited in patients with both inflammatory bowel disease and HIV infection. Only three cases of Crohn’s disease and concomitant HIV infection treated with infliximab were reported in the literature. This case report might help future decisions in patients with a similar clinical situation.