Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Nutrition & Metabolism
Published in: Nutrition & Metabolism 1/2010

Open Access 01-12-2010 | Research

Increased hypolipidemic benefits of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid in combination with trans-11 vaccenic acid in a rodent model of the metabolic syndrome, the JCR:LA-cp rat

Authors: M Miriam Jacome-Sosa, Jing Lu, Ye Wang, Megan R Ruth, David C Wright, Martin J Reaney, Jianheng Shen, Catherine J Field, Donna F Vine, Spencer D Proctor

Published in: Nutrition & Metabolism | Issue 1/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11 CLA) and trans-11 vaccenic acid (VA) are found naturally in ruminant-derived foods. CLA has been shown to have numerous potential health related effects and has been extensively investigated. More recently, we have shown that VA has lipid-lowering properties associated with reduced hepatic lipidogenesis and chylomicron secretion in the JCR:LA-cp rat. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential additional hypolipidemic effects of purified forms of CLA and VA in an animal model of the metabolic syndrome (the JCR:LA-cp rat).

Methods

Twenty four obese JCR:LA-cp rats were randomized and assigned to one of three nutritionally adequate iso-caloric diets containing 1% w/w cholesterol and 15% w/w fat for 16 wk: 1) control diet (CD), 2) 1.0% w/w cis-9, trans-11 CLA (CLA), 3) 1.0% w/w VA and 1% w/w cis-9, trans-11 CLA (VA+CLA). Lean rats were fed the CD to represent normolipidemic conditions.

Results

Fasting plasma triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were reduced in obese rats fed either the CLA diet or the VA+CLA diet as compared to the obese control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.001; p < 0.001, p < 0.01; p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively). The VA+CLA diet reduced plasma TG and LDL-cholesterol to the level of the normolipidemic lean rats and further decreased nonesterified fatty acids compared to the CLA diet alone. Interestingly, rats fed the VA+CLA diet had a higher food intake but lower body weight than the CLA fed group (P < 0.05). Liver weight and TG content were lower in rats fed either CLA (p < 0.05) or VA+CLA diets (p < 0.001) compared to obese control, consistent with a decreased relative protein abundance of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase in both treatment groups (P < 0.01). The activity of citrate synthase was increased in liver and adipose tissue of rats fed, CLA and VA+CLA diets (p < 0.001) compared to obese control, suggesting increased mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative capacity.

Conclusion

We demonstrate that the hypolipidemic effects of chronic cis-9, trans-11 CLA supplementation on circulating dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis are enhanced by the addition of VA in the JCR:LA-cp rat.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Wahle KW, Heys SD, Rotondo D: Conjugated linoleic acids: are they beneficial or detrimental to health?. Prog Lipid Res. 2004, 43: 553-87. 10.1016/j.plipres.2004.08.002.CrossRef
2.
Bhattacharya A, Banu J, Rahman M, Causey J, Fernandes G: Biological effects of conjugated linoleic acids in health and disease. J Nutr Biochem. 2006, 17: 789-810. 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2006.02.009.CrossRef
3.
Taylor CG, Zahradka P: Dietary conjugated linoleic acid and insulin sensitivity and resistance in rodent models. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004, 79 (suppl): 1164S-1168S.
4.
Terpstra AHM: Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on body composition and plasma lipids in human: an overview of the literature. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004, 79: 352-361.
5.
Tricon S, Burdge GC, Williams CM, Calder PC, Yaqoob P: The effects of conjugated linoleic acid on human health-related outcomes. Proc Nutr Soc. 2005, 64: 171-182. 10.1079/PNS2005418.CrossRef
6.
Park Y, Pariza MW: Mechanisms of body fat modulation by conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Food Res Int. 2007, 40: 311-323. 10.1016/j.foodres.2006.11.002.CrossRef
7.
Roche HM, Noone E, Sewter C, Mc Bennett S, Savage D, Gibney MJ, O'Rahilly S, Vidal-Puig AJ: Isomer-dependent metabolic effects of conjugated linoleic acid: insights from molecular markers sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and LXRalpha. Diabetes. 2002, 51: 2037-2044. 10.2337/diabetes.51.7.2037.CrossRef
8.
Risérus U, Basu S, Jovinge S, Fredrikson GN, Ärnlöv J, Vessby B: Supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid causes isomer-dependent oxidative stress and elevated C-Reactive Protein. A potential link to fatty acid-induced insulin resistance. Circulation. 2002, 106: 1925-1929. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000033589.15413.48.CrossRef
9.
Javadi M, Beynen AC, Hovenier R, Lankhorst A, Lemmens AG, Terpstra AHM, Geelen MJH: Prolonged feeding of mice with conjugated linoleic acid increases hepatic fatty acid synthesis relative to oxidation. J Nutr Biochem. 2004, 15: 680-687. 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2004.06.005.CrossRef
10.
Cooper MH, Miller JL, Mitchell PL, Currie DL, McLeod RS: Conjugated linoleic acid isomers have no effect on atherosclerosis and adverse effects on lipoprotein and liver lipid metabolism in apoE-/-mice fed a high cholesterol diet. Atherosclerosis. 2008, 200: 294-302. 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.12.040.CrossRef
11.
Mendis S, Cruz-Hernandez C, Ratnayake WMN: Fatty acid profile of Canadian dairy products with special attention to the trans-octadecenoic acid and conjugated linoleic acid isomers. J AOAC Int. 2008, 9: 811-819.
12.
Santora JE, Palmquist DL, Roehrig KL: Trans-vaccenic acid is desaturated to conjugated linoleic acid in mice. J Nutr. 2000, 130: 208-215.
13.
Corl BA, Barbano DM, Bauman DE, Ip C: Cis-9, trans-11 CLA derived endogenously from trans-11 18:1 reduces cancer risk in rats. J Nutr. 2003, 133: 2893-2900.
14.
Turpeinen AM, Mutanen M, Aro A, Salminen I, Basu S, Palmquist DL, Griinari JM: Bioconversion of vaccenic acid to conjugated linoleic acid in humans. Am J Clin Nutri. 2002, 76: 504-510.
15.
Wang Y, Jacome-Sosa MM, Ruth MR, Goruk SD, Reaney MJ, Glimm DR, Wright DC, Vine DF, Field CF, Proctor SD:Trans-11 vaccenic acid reduces hepatic lipogenesis and chylomicron secretion in JCR: LA-cp rats. J Nutr. 2009, 139: 2049-2054. 10.3945/jn.109.109488.CrossRef
16.
Wang Y, Lu J, Ruth MR, Goruk SD, Reaney MJ, Glimm DR, Vine DF, Field CF, Proctor SD: Trans-11 vaccenic acid dietary supplementation induces hypolipidemic effects in JCR:LA-cp rats. J Nutr. 2008, 138: 2117-2122. 10.3945/jn.108.091009.CrossRef
17.
Tholstrup T, Raff M, Basu S, Nonboe P, Sejrsen K, Straarup EM: Effects of butter high in ruminant trans and monounsaturated fatty acids on lipoproteins, incorporation of fatty acids into lipid classes, plasma C-reactive protein, oxidative stress, hemostatic variables, and insulin in healthy young men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006, 83: 237-43.
18.
Motard-Belanger A, Charest A, Grenier G, Paquin P, Chouinard Y, Lemieux S, Couture P, Lamarche B: Study of the effect of trans fatty acids from ruminants on blood lipids and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008, 87: 593-9.
19.
Chardigny JM, Destaillats F, Malpuech-Brugère C, Moulin J, Bauman DE, Lock AL, Barbano DM, Mensink RP, Bezelgues JB, Chaumont P, Combe N, Cristiani I, Joffre F, German JB, Dionisi F, Boirie Y, Sébédio JL: Do trans fatty acids from industrially produced sources and from natural sources have the same effect on cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy subjects? Results of the trans Fatty Acids Collaboration (TRANSFACT) study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008, 87: 558-66.
20.
Lock AL, Horne CAM, Bauman DE, Salter AM: Butter naturally enriched in conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid alters tissue fatty acids and improves the plasma lipoprotein profile in cholesterol-fed hamsters. J Nutr. 2005, 135: 1934-1939.
21.
Roy A, Chardigny JM, Bauchart D, Ferlay A, Lorenz S, Durand D, Gruffat D, Faulconnier Y, Sébédio J-L, Chilliard Y: Butters rich either in trans-10-C18:1 or in trans-11-C18:1 plus cis-9, trans-11 CLA differentially affect plasma lipids and aortic fatty streak in experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits. Animal. 2007, 1: 467-476. 10.1017/S175173110770530X.CrossRef
22.
Bauchart D, Roy A, Lorenz S, Chardigny JM, Ferlay A, Gruffat D, Sébédio JL, Chilliard Y, Durand D: Butters varying in trans 18:1 and cis-9, trans-11conjugated linoleic acid modify plasma lipoproteins in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit. Lipids. 2007, 42: 123-33. 10.1007/s11745-006-3018-0.CrossRef
23.
Tyburczy C, Major C, Lock AL, Destaillats F, Lawrence P, Brenna JT, Salter AM, Bauman DE: Individual trans octadecenoic acids and partially hydrogenated vegetable oil differentially affect hepatic lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in golden syrian hamsters. J Nutr. 2009, 139: 257-263.CrossRef
24.
Bassett CMC, Edel AL, Patenaude AF, McCullough RS, Blackwood DP, Chouinard PW, Paquin P, Lamarche B, Pierce GN: Dietary Vaccenic Acid Has Antiatherogenic Effects in LDLr-/- Mice. J Nutr. 2010, 140: 18-24. 10.3945/jn.109.105163.CrossRef
25.
Bauman DE, Barbano DM, Dwyer DA, Griinari JM: Technical note: Production of butter with enhanced conjugated linoleic acid for use in biomedical studies with animal models. J Dairy Sci. 2000, 83: 2422-2425. 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75131-9.CrossRef
26.
Lock AL, Bauman DE: Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health. Lipids. 2004, 39: 1197-1206. 10.1007/s11745-004-1348-6.CrossRef
27.
Jones EL, Kohen C, Jones AK, Lupoli B, Grandison AS, Beever DE, Williams CM, Calder PC, Yaqoob P: Chemical, physical, and sensory properties of dairy products enriched with conjugated linoleic acid. J Dairy Sci. 2005, 88: 2923-2937. 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72973-8.CrossRef
28.
Cruz-Hernandez C, Kramer JKG, Kennelly JJ, Glimm DR, Sorensen BM, Okine EK, Goonewardene LA, Weselake RJ: Evaluating the conjugated linoleic acid and trans 18:1 isomers in milk fat of dairy cows fed increasing amounts of sunflower oil and a constant level of fish oil. J Dairy Sci. 2007, 90: 3786-3801. 10.3168/jds.2006-698.CrossRef
29.
Vine DF, Takechi R, Russell JC, Proctor SD: Impaired postprandial apolipoprotein-B48 metabolism in the obese, insulin-resistant JCR:LA-cp rat: increased atherogenicity for the metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2007, 190: 282-290. 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.03.013.CrossRef
30.
Russell JC, Ahuja SK, Manickavel V, Rajotte RV, Amy RM: Insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance in the atherosclerosis-prone LA/N corpulent rat. Arteriosclerosis. 1987, 7: 620-626.CrossRef
31.
Raff M, Tholstrup T, Sejrsen K, Straarup EM, Wijnberg N: Diets rich in conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid have no effect on blood pressure and isobaric arterial elasticity in healthy young men. J Nutr. 2006, 136: 992-997.
32.
Swain MLBB: Formation of traces of conjugated tetraenoic and trienoic constitutents in autoxidized linolenic and linoleic acids and vegetable oils during alkali-isomerization. JAOCS. 1949, 26: 272-277. 10.1007/BF02651482.
33.
Qin Y, Dalen KT, Gustafsson JA, Nebb HI: Regulation of hepatic fatty acid elongase 5 by LXRalpha-SREBP-1c. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009, 1791: 140-147.CrossRef
34.
Russell JC, Proctor SD: Small animal models of cardiovascular disease: tools for the study of the roles of metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2006, 15: 318-330. 10.1016/j.carpath.2006.09.001.CrossRef
35.
Elam MB, Wilcox HG, Cagen LM, Deng X, Raghow R, Kumar P, Heimberg M, Russell JC: Increased hepatic VLDL secretion, lipogenesis, and SREBP-1 expression in the corpulent JCR:LA-cp rat. J Lipid Res. 2001, 42: 2039-2048.
36.
Kelly SE, Proctor SD: The JCR:LA-cp Rat: An animal model of the metabolic syndrome exhibiting micro-and macro-vascular disease. Animal Models of Diabetes. Edited by: Shafrir E. 2007, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 157-183. 2
37.
Choi JS, Jung MH, Park HS, Song J: Effect of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on insulin resistance and mRNA levels of genes regulating energy metabolism in high-fat-fed rats. Nutrition. 2004, 20: 1008-1017. 10.1016/j.nut.2004.08.009.CrossRef
38.
Ryder JW, Portocarrero CP, Song XM, Cui L, Yu M, Combatsiaris T, Galuska D, Bauman DE, Barbano DM, Charron MJ, Zierath JR, Houseknecht KL: Isomer-specific antidiabetic properties of conjugated linoleic acid improved glucose tolerance, skeletal muscle insulin action, and UCP-2 gene expression. Diabetes. 2001, 50: 1149-1157. 10.2337/diabetes.50.5.1149.CrossRef
39.
Rodriguez E, Ribot J, Palou A: Trans-10, cis-12, but not cis-9, trans-11 CLA isomer, inhibits brown adipocyte thermogenic capacity. Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol. 2002, 282: R1789-R1797.CrossRef
40.
Choi JS, Koh I, Jung MH, Song J: Effects of three different conjugated linoleic acid preparations on insulin signalling, fat oxidation and mitochondrial function in rats fed a high-fat diet. Brit J Nutr. 2007, 98: 264-275. 10.1017/S000711450770497X.CrossRef
41.
Bogacka I, Xie H, Bray GA, Smith SR: Pioglitazone induces mitochondrial biogenesis in human subcutaneous adipose tissue in vivo. Diabetes. 2005, 54: 1392-1399. 10.2337/diabetes.54.5.1392.CrossRef
42.
Rong JX, Qiu Y, Hansen MK, Zhu L, Zhang V, Xie M, Okamoto Y, Mattie MD, Higashiyama H, Asano S, Strum JC, Ryan TE: Adipose mitochondrial biogenesis is suppressed in db/db and high-fat diet-fed mice and improved by rosiglitazone. Diabetes. 2007, 56: 1751-1760. 10.2337/db06-1135.CrossRef
43.
Moya-Camarena AY, Vanden-Heuvel JP, Blanchard SG, Leesnitzer LA, Belury MA: Conjugated linoleic acid is a potent naturally occurring ligand and activator of PPARα. J Lipid Res. 1999, 40: 1426-1433.
44.
Wargent E, Sennitt MV, Stocker C, Mayes AE, Brown L, O'dowd J, Wang S, Einerhand AW, Mohede I, Arch JRS, Cawthorne MA: Prolonged treatment of genetically obese mice with conjugated linoleic acid improves glucose tolerance and lowers plasma insulin concentration: possible involvement of PPAR activation. Lipids Health Dis. 2005, 4: 3-16. 10.1186/1476-511X-4-3.CrossRef
45.
Brown JM, Boysen MS, Jensen SS, Morrison RF, Storkson J, Lea-Currie R, Pariza M, Mandrup S, McIntosh MK: Isomer-specific regulation of metabolism and PPAR gamma signaling by CLA in human preadipocytes. J Lipid Res. 2003, 44: 1287-300. 10.1194/jlr.M300001-JLR200.CrossRef
46.
Turner N, Bruce CR, Beale SM, Hoehn KL, So T, Rolph MS, Cooney GJ: Excess lipid availability increases mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative capacity in muscle: evidence against a role for reduced fatty acid oxidation in lipid-induced insulin resistance in rodents. Diabetes. 2007, 56: 2085-2092. 10.2337/db07-0093.CrossRef
47.
Hancock CR, Han DH, Chen M, Terada S, Yasuda T, Wright DC, Holloszy JO: High-fat diets cause insulin resistance despite an increase in muscle mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008, 105: 7815-7820. 10.1073/pnas.0802057105.CrossRef
48.
Hoeks J, Briedé JJ, de V ogel J, Schaart G, Nabben M, Moonen-Kornips E, Hesselink MK, Schrauwen P: Mitochondrial function, content and ROS production in rat skeletal muscle: effect of high-fat feeding. FEBS let. 2008, 582: 510-516. 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.01.013.CrossRef
49.
Wilson-Fritch L, Burkart A, Bell G, Mendelson K, Leszyk J, Nicoloro S, Czeck M, Corvera S: Mitochondrial biogenesis and remodeling during adipogenesis and in response to the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone. Mol Cell Biol. 2003, 23: 1085-1094. 10.1128/MCB.23.3.1085-1094.2003.CrossRef
50.
Hodson L, Skeaff CM, Fielding BA: Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue and blood in humans and its use as a biomarker of dietary intake. Progress in Lipid Research. 2008, 47: 348-380. 10.1016/j.plipres.2008.03.003.CrossRef
51.
Postic C, Girard J: The role of the lipogenic pathway in the development of hepatic steatosis. Diabetes & Metabolism. 2008, 34: 643-648. 10.1016/S1262-3636(08)74599-3.CrossRef
52.
Lewis GF, Carpentier A, Adeli K, Giacca A: Disordered fat storage and mobilization in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Endocr Rev. 2002, 23: 201-229. 10.1210/er.23.2.201.CrossRef
53.
Abu-Elheiga L, Brinkley WR, Zhong L, Chirala SS, Wakil SJ: The subcellular localization of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000, 97: 1444-1449. 10.1073/pnas.97.4.1444.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Increased hypolipidemic benefits of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid in combination with trans-11 vaccenic acid in a rodent model of the metabolic syndrome, the JCR:LA-cp rat
Authors
M Miriam Jacome-Sosa
Jing Lu
Ye Wang
Megan R Ruth
David C Wright
Martin J Reaney
Jianheng Shen
Catherine J Field
Donna F Vine
Spencer D Proctor
Publication date
01-12-2010
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Nutrition & Metabolism / Issue 1/2010
Electronic ISSN: 1743-7075
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-7-60

Other articles of this Issue 1/2010

Nutrition & Metabolism 1/2010 Go to the issue

Research

Calorie restriction and endurance exercise share potent anti-inflammatory function in adipose tissues in ameliorating diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice

Research

Association of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 with nutritional status, body composition and bone mineral density in patients with anorexia nervosa: the influence of partial realimentation

Research

Gamma-oryzanol rich fraction regulates the expression of antioxidant and oxidative stress related genes in stressed rat's liver

Research

Dietary phytosterols and phytostanols decrease cholesterol levels but increase blood pressure in WKY inbred rats in the absence of salt-loading

Research

Effect of catch-up growth after food restriction on the entero-insular axis in rats

Research

The effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on obesity in postmenopausal women: secondary analysis for a large-scale, placebo controlled, double-blind, 4-year longitudinal clinical trial
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits