Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Insights into Imaging 6/2013

Open Access 01-12-2013 | Review

Imaging in rheumatology: reconciling radiology and rheumatology

Authors: Bernhard J. Tins, Robin Butler

Published in: Insights into Imaging | Issue 6/2013

Login to get access

Abstract

Imaging in rheumatology was in the past largely confined to radiographs of the hands and sacroiliac joints (SIJs) helping to establish the diagnosis and then monitoring disease progression. Radiographs are not very sensitive for early inflammation in inflammatory rheumatic disorders and the demand on imaging services was therefore limited. However, over the last 10–15 years new drugs and new technologies have brought new challenges and opportunities to rheumatology and radiology as specialties. New drug treatments allow more effective treatment, preventing many complications. Early diagnosis and disease monitoring has become the challenge for the rheumatologist and radiologist alike. The best possible patient outcome is only achieved if the two specialties understand each other’s viewpoint. This article reviews the role of imaging—in particular radiography, magnet resonance imaging, computer tomography, ultrasound and nuclear medicine—for the diagnosis and monitoring of rheumatological disorders, concentrating on rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory spondylarthropathies and gout.
Teaching Points
New drugs for the treatment of inflammatory disorders has led to greatly improved outcomes.
Imaging often allows for earlier diagnosis of inflammatory disorders.
Early diagnosis and treatment can often prevent the development of crippling disease manifestations.
Tailored imaging examinations are best achieved by consultation of rheumatologist and radiologist.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Song IH, Heldmann F, Rudwaleit M et al (2011) Treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis with abatacept: an open-label, 24-week pilot study. Ann Rheum Dis 70(6):1108–1110PubMedCrossRef Song IH, Heldmann F, Rudwaleit M et al (2011) Treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis with abatacept: an open-label, 24-week pilot study. Ann Rheum Dis 70(6):1108–1110PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Sieper J (2012) How to define remission in ankylosing spondylitis? Ann Rheum Dis 71(Suppl 2):i93–i95PubMedCrossRef Sieper J (2012) How to define remission in ankylosing spondylitis? Ann Rheum Dis 71(Suppl 2):i93–i95PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Haavardsholm EA, Boyesen P, Ostergaard M et al (2008) Magnetic resonance imaging findings in 84 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: bone marrow oedema predicts erosive progression. Ann Rheum Dis 67(6):794–800PubMedCrossRef Haavardsholm EA, Boyesen P, Ostergaard M et al (2008) Magnetic resonance imaging findings in 84 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: bone marrow oedema predicts erosive progression. Ann Rheum Dis 67(6):794–800PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Narvaez JA, Narvaez J, De Lama E et al (2010) MR imaging of early rheumatoid arthritis. Radiographics 30(1):143–163, discussion 163–5PubMedCrossRef Narvaez JA, Narvaez J, De Lama E et al (2010) MR imaging of early rheumatoid arthritis. Radiographics 30(1):143–163, discussion 163–5PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Jimenez-Boj E, Nobauer-Huhmann I, Hanslik-Schnabel B et al (2007) Bone erosions and bone marrow edema as defined by magnetic resonance imaging reflect true bone marrow inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 56(4):1118–1124PubMedCrossRef Jimenez-Boj E, Nobauer-Huhmann I, Hanslik-Schnabel B et al (2007) Bone erosions and bone marrow edema as defined by magnetic resonance imaging reflect true bone marrow inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 56(4):1118–1124PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Dalbeth N, Smith T, Gray S et al (2009) Cellular characterisation of magnetic resonance imaging bone oedema in rheumatoid arthritis; implications for pathogenesis of erosive disease. Ann Rheum Dis 68(2):279–282PubMedCrossRef Dalbeth N, Smith T, Gray S et al (2009) Cellular characterisation of magnetic resonance imaging bone oedema in rheumatoid arthritis; implications for pathogenesis of erosive disease. Ann Rheum Dis 68(2):279–282PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Conaghan PG, O’Connor P, McGonagle D et al (2003) Elucidation of the relationship between synovitis and bone damage: a randomized magnetic resonance imaging study of individual joints in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 48(1):64–71PubMedCrossRef Conaghan PG, O’Connor P, McGonagle D et al (2003) Elucidation of the relationship between synovitis and bone damage: a randomized magnetic resonance imaging study of individual joints in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 48(1):64–71PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Ostendorf B, Mattes-Gyorgy K, Reichelt DC et al (2010) Early detection of bony alterations in rheumatoid and erosive arthritis of finger joints with high-resolution single photon emission computed tomography, and differentiation between them. Skeletal Radiol 39(1):55–61PubMedCrossRef Ostendorf B, Mattes-Gyorgy K, Reichelt DC et al (2010) Early detection of bony alterations in rheumatoid and erosive arthritis of finger joints with high-resolution single photon emission computed tomography, and differentiation between them. Skeletal Radiol 39(1):55–61PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Wiles N, Lunt M, Barrett E et al (2001) Reduced disability at five years with ealry treatment of inflammatory polyarthritis: results form a large observational cohort, using propensity models to adjust for disease severity. Arthritis Rheum 44(5):1033–1042PubMedCrossRef Wiles N, Lunt M, Barrett E et al (2001) Reduced disability at five years with ealry treatment of inflammatory polyarthritis: results form a large observational cohort, using propensity models to adjust for disease severity. Arthritis Rheum 44(5):1033–1042PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Bukhari M, Wiles N, Lunt M et al (2003) Influence of disease-modifying therapy on radiographic outcome in inflammatory polyarthritis at five years. Arthritis Rheum 48(1):46–53PubMedCrossRef Bukhari M, Wiles N, Lunt M et al (2003) Influence of disease-modifying therapy on radiographic outcome in inflammatory polyarthritis at five years. Arthritis Rheum 48(1):46–53PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ et al (2010) 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum 62(9):2569–2581PubMedCrossRef Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ et al (2010) 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum 62(9):2569–2581PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Hermann KG, Backhaus M, Schneider U et al (2003) Rheumatoid arthritis of the shoulder joint: comparison of conventional radiography, ultrasound, and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Arthritis Rheum 48(12):3338–3349PubMedCrossRef Hermann KG, Backhaus M, Schneider U et al (2003) Rheumatoid arthritis of the shoulder joint: comparison of conventional radiography, ultrasound, and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Arthritis Rheum 48(12):3338–3349PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Backhaus M, Burmester GR, Sandrock D et al (2002) Prospective two year follow up study comparing novel and conventional imaging procedures in patients with arthritic finger joints. Ann Rheum Dis 61(10):895–904PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Backhaus M, Burmester GR, Sandrock D et al (2002) Prospective two year follow up study comparing novel and conventional imaging procedures in patients with arthritic finger joints. Ann Rheum Dis 61(10):895–904PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Lindegaard HM, Vallo J, Horslev-Petersen K et al (2006) Low-cost, low-field dedicated extremity magnetic resonance imaging in early rheumatoid arthritis: a 1-year follow-up study. Ann Rheum Dis 65(9):1208–1212PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Lindegaard HM, Vallo J, Horslev-Petersen K et al (2006) Low-cost, low-field dedicated extremity magnetic resonance imaging in early rheumatoid arthritis: a 1-year follow-up study. Ann Rheum Dis 65(9):1208–1212PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Boutry N, Larde A, Lapegue F et al (2003) Magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the hands and feet in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 30(4):671–679PubMed Boutry N, Larde A, Lapegue F et al (2003) Magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the hands and feet in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 30(4):671–679PubMed
17.
go back to reference Winalski CS, Aliabadi P, Wright RJ et al (1993) Enhancement of joint fluid with intravenously administered gadopentetate dimeglumine: technique, rationale, and implications. Radiology 187(1):179–185PubMedCrossRef Winalski CS, Aliabadi P, Wright RJ et al (1993) Enhancement of joint fluid with intravenously administered gadopentetate dimeglumine: technique, rationale, and implications. Radiology 187(1):179–185PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Conaghan P, Bird P, Ejbjerg B et al (2005) The EULAR-OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI reference image atlas: the metacarpophalangeal joints. Ann Rheum Dis 64(Suppl 1):i11–i21PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Conaghan P, Bird P, Ejbjerg B et al (2005) The EULAR-OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI reference image atlas: the metacarpophalangeal joints. Ann Rheum Dis 64(Suppl 1):i11–i21PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Ejbjerg B, McQueen F, Lassere M et al (2005) The EULAR-OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI reference image atlas: the wrist joint. Ann Rheum Dis 64(Suppl 1):i23–i47PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Ejbjerg B, McQueen F, Lassere M et al (2005) The EULAR-OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI reference image atlas: the wrist joint. Ann Rheum Dis 64(Suppl 1):i23–i47PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
20.
go back to reference McQueen F, Ostergaard M, Peterfy C et al (2005) Pitfalls in scoring MR images of rheumatoid arthritis wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints. Ann Rheum Dis 64(Suppl 1):i48–i55PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef McQueen F, Ostergaard M, Peterfy C et al (2005) Pitfalls in scoring MR images of rheumatoid arthritis wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints. Ann Rheum Dis 64(Suppl 1):i48–i55PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Weber U, Lambert RG, Ostergaard M et al (2010) The diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging in spondylarthritis: an international multicenter evaluation of one hundred eighty-seven subjects. Arthritis Rheum 62(10):3048–3058PubMedCrossRef Weber U, Lambert RG, Ostergaard M et al (2010) The diagnostic utility of magnetic resonance imaging in spondylarthritis: an international multicenter evaluation of one hundred eighty-seven subjects. Arthritis Rheum 62(10):3048–3058PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Baraliakos X, Hermann KG, Landewe R et al (2005) Assessment of acute spinal inflammation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis by magnetic resonance imaging: a comparison between contrast enhanced T1 and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences. Ann Rheum Dis 64(8):1141–1144PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Baraliakos X, Hermann KG, Landewe R et al (2005) Assessment of acute spinal inflammation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis by magnetic resonance imaging: a comparison between contrast enhanced T1 and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences. Ann Rheum Dis 64(8):1141–1144PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Weber U, Ostergaard M, Lambert RG et al (2011) The impact of MRI on the clinical management of inflammatory arthritides. Skeletal Radiol 40(9):1153–1173PubMedCrossRef Weber U, Ostergaard M, Lambert RG et al (2011) The impact of MRI on the clinical management of inflammatory arthritides. Skeletal Radiol 40(9):1153–1173PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Ostergaard M, Peterfy C, Conaghan P et al (2003) OMERACT Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. Core set of MRI acquisitions, joint pathology definitions, and the OMERACT RA-MRI scoring system. J Rheumatol 30(6):1385–1386PubMed Ostergaard M, Peterfy C, Conaghan P et al (2003) OMERACT Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. Core set of MRI acquisitions, joint pathology definitions, and the OMERACT RA-MRI scoring system. J Rheumatol 30(6):1385–1386PubMed
25.
go back to reference Spencer SP, Ganeshalingam S, Kelly S et al (2012) The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis and follow-up of early inflammatory arthritis. Clin Radiol 67(1):15–23PubMedCrossRef Spencer SP, Ganeshalingam S, Kelly S et al (2012) The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis and follow-up of early inflammatory arthritis. Clin Radiol 67(1):15–23PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Naredo E, Rodriguez M, Campos C et al (2008) Validity, reproducibility, and responsiveness of a twelve-joint simplified power doppler ultrasonographic assessment of joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 59(4):515–522PubMedCrossRef Naredo E, Rodriguez M, Campos C et al (2008) Validity, reproducibility, and responsiveness of a twelve-joint simplified power doppler ultrasonographic assessment of joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 59(4):515–522PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Schueller-Weidekamm C (2009) Quantification of synovial and erosive changes in rheumatoid arthritis with ultrasound–revisited. Eur J Radiol 71(2):225–231PubMedCrossRef Schueller-Weidekamm C (2009) Quantification of synovial and erosive changes in rheumatoid arthritis with ultrasound–revisited. Eur J Radiol 71(2):225–231PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Platzgummer H, Schueller G, Grisar J et al (2009) Quantification of synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis: do we really need quantitative measurement of contrast-enhanced ultrasound? Eur J Radiol 71(2):237–241PubMedCrossRef Platzgummer H, Schueller G, Grisar J et al (2009) Quantification of synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis: do we really need quantitative measurement of contrast-enhanced ultrasound? Eur J Radiol 71(2):237–241PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Szkudlarek M, Narvestad E, Klarlund M et al (2004) Ultrasonography of the metatarsophalangeal joints in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with magnetic resonance imaging, conventional radiography, and clinical examination. Arthritis Rheum 50(7):2103–2112PubMedCrossRef Szkudlarek M, Narvestad E, Klarlund M et al (2004) Ultrasonography of the metatarsophalangeal joints in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with magnetic resonance imaging, conventional radiography, and clinical examination. Arthritis Rheum 50(7):2103–2112PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Terslev L, Torp-Pedersen S, Savnik A et al (2003) Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging of synovial inflammation of the hand in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative study. Arthritis Rheum 48(9):2434–2441PubMedCrossRef Terslev L, Torp-Pedersen S, Savnik A et al (2003) Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging of synovial inflammation of the hand in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative study. Arthritis Rheum 48(9):2434–2441PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Ozgul A, Yasar E, Arslan N et al (2009) The comparison of ultrasonographic and scintigraphic findings of early arthritis in revealing rheumatoid arthritis according to criteria of American College of Rheumatology. Rheumatol Int 29(7):765–768PubMedCrossRef Ozgul A, Yasar E, Arslan N et al (2009) The comparison of ultrasonographic and scintigraphic findings of early arthritis in revealing rheumatoid arthritis according to criteria of American College of Rheumatology. Rheumatol Int 29(7):765–768PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Duer A, Ostergaard M, Horslev-Petersen K et al (2008) Magnetic resonance imaging and bone scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of unclassified arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 67(1):48–51PubMedCrossRef Duer A, Ostergaard M, Horslev-Petersen K et al (2008) Magnetic resonance imaging and bone scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of unclassified arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 67(1):48–51PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Palosaari K, Vuotila J, Takalo R et al (2006) Bone oedema predicts erosive progression on wrist MRI in early RA—a 2-year observational MRI and NC scintigraphy study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 45(12):1542–1548CrossRef Palosaari K, Vuotila J, Takalo R et al (2006) Bone oedema predicts erosive progression on wrist MRI in early RA—a 2-year observational MRI and NC scintigraphy study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 45(12):1542–1548CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Roimicher L, Lopes FP, de Souza SA et al (2011) 99mTc-anti-TNF-{alpha} scintigraphy in RA: a comparison pilot study with MRI and clinical examination. Rheumatology (Oxford) 50(11):2044–2050CrossRef Roimicher L, Lopes FP, de Souza SA et al (2011) 99mTc-anti-TNF-{alpha} scintigraphy in RA: a comparison pilot study with MRI and clinical examination. Rheumatology (Oxford) 50(11):2044–2050CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Horger M, Schmalzing M, Ioanoviciu SD et al (2010) Ankylosing spondylitis: imaging findings in the axial skeleton. Rofo 182(8):639–643PubMedCrossRef Horger M, Schmalzing M, Ioanoviciu SD et al (2010) Ankylosing spondylitis: imaging findings in the axial skeleton. Rofo 182(8):639–643PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Bozgeyik Z, Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E (2008) Role of diffusion-weighted MRI in the detection of early active sacroiliitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 191(4):980–986PubMedCrossRef Bozgeyik Z, Ozgocmen S, Kocakoc E (2008) Role of diffusion-weighted MRI in the detection of early active sacroiliitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 191(4):980–986PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Madsen KB, Egund N, Jurik AG (2010) Grading of inflammatory disease activity in the sacroiliac joints with magnetic resonance imaging: comparison between short-tau inversion recovery and gadolinium contrast-enhanced sequences. J Rheumatol 37(2):393–400PubMedCrossRef Madsen KB, Egund N, Jurik AG (2010) Grading of inflammatory disease activity in the sacroiliac joints with magnetic resonance imaging: comparison between short-tau inversion recovery and gadolinium contrast-enhanced sequences. J Rheumatol 37(2):393–400PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Bredella MA, Steinbach LS, Morgan S et al (2006) MRI of the sacroiliac joints in patients with moderate to severe ankylosing spondylitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 187(6):1420–1426PubMedCrossRef Bredella MA, Steinbach LS, Morgan S et al (2006) MRI of the sacroiliac joints in patients with moderate to severe ankylosing spondylitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 187(6):1420–1426PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Bollow M, Fischer T, Reisshauer H et al (2000) Quantitative analyses of sacroiliac biopsies in spondyloarthropathies: T cells and macrophages predominate in early and active sacroiliitis- cellularity correlates with the degree of enhancement detected by magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Rheum Dis 59(2):135–140PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Bollow M, Fischer T, Reisshauer H et al (2000) Quantitative analyses of sacroiliac biopsies in spondyloarthropathies: T cells and macrophages predominate in early and active sacroiliitis- cellularity correlates with the degree of enhancement detected by magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Rheum Dis 59(2):135–140PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Sieper J, Rudwaleit M, Baraliakos X et al (2009) The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 68(Suppl 2):ii1–44PubMedCrossRef Sieper J, Rudwaleit M, Baraliakos X et al (2009) The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 68(Suppl 2):ii1–44PubMedCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Gaspersic N, Sersa I, Jevtic V et al (2008) Monitoring ankylosing spondylitis therapy by dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Skeletal Radiol 37(2):123–31PubMedCrossRef Gaspersic N, Sersa I, Jevtic V et al (2008) Monitoring ankylosing spondylitis therapy by dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Skeletal Radiol 37(2):123–31PubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference McGonagle D, Marzo-Ortega H, O’Connor P et al (2002) Histological assessment of the early enthesitis lesion in spondyloarthropathy. Ann Rheum Dis 61(6):534–537PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef McGonagle D, Marzo-Ortega H, O’Connor P et al (2002) Histological assessment of the early enthesitis lesion in spondyloarthropathy. Ann Rheum Dis 61(6):534–537PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Kotoura N, Sakamoto K, Fukuda Y et al (2011) Evaluation of magnetic resonance signal intensity in bone marrow after administration of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO). Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 67(3):212–220PubMedCrossRef Kotoura N, Sakamoto K, Fukuda Y et al (2011) Evaluation of magnetic resonance signal intensity in bone marrow after administration of super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO). Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 67(3):212–220PubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Blum A, Roch D, Loeuille D et al (2009) Bone marrow edema: definition, diagnostic value and prognostic value. J Radiol 90(12):1789–1811PubMedCrossRef Blum A, Roch D, Loeuille D et al (2009) Bone marrow edema: definition, diagnostic value and prognostic value. J Radiol 90(12):1789–1811PubMedCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Bierry G, Jehl F, Boehm N et al (2009) Macrophage imaging by USPIO-enhanced MR for the differentiation of infectious osteomyelitis and aseptic vertebral inflammation. Eur Radiol 19(7):1604–1611PubMedCrossRef Bierry G, Jehl F, Boehm N et al (2009) Macrophage imaging by USPIO-enhanced MR for the differentiation of infectious osteomyelitis and aseptic vertebral inflammation. Eur Radiol 19(7):1604–1611PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Maksymowych WP, Weber U (2011) Diagnostic utility of MRI in early spondyloarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 13:402–408 Maksymowych WP, Weber U (2011) Diagnostic utility of MRI in early spondyloarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 13:402–408
48.
go back to reference Tins B, Cassar-Pullicino V, Haddaway M (2012) The 3d SPACE sequence for routine imaging of the spine—preliminary experience. Br J Radiol 85(1016):e480–e489PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Tins B, Cassar-Pullicino V, Haddaway M (2012) The 3d SPACE sequence for routine imaging of the spine—preliminary experience. Br J Radiol 85(1016):e480–e489PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Weber U, Maksymowych WP, Jurik AG et al (2009) Validation of whole-body against conventional magnetic resonance imaging for scoring acute inflammatory lesions in the sacroiliac joints of patients with spondylarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 61(7):893–899PubMedCrossRef Weber U, Maksymowych WP, Jurik AG et al (2009) Validation of whole-body against conventional magnetic resonance imaging for scoring acute inflammatory lesions in the sacroiliac joints of patients with spondylarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 61(7):893–899PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Rudwaleit M, Jurik AG, Hermann KG et al (2009) Defining active sacroiliitis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for classification of axial spondyloarthritis: a consensual approach by the ASAS/OMERACT MRI group. Ann Rheum Dis 68(10):1520–1527PubMedCrossRef Rudwaleit M, Jurik AG, Hermann KG et al (2009) Defining active sacroiliitis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for classification of axial spondyloarthritis: a consensual approach by the ASAS/OMERACT MRI group. Ann Rheum Dis 68(10):1520–1527PubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Robinson PC, Wordsworth BP, Reveille JD et al (2013) Axial spondyloarthritis: a new disease entity, not necessarily early ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 72(2):162–164PubMedCrossRef Robinson PC, Wordsworth BP, Reveille JD et al (2013) Axial spondyloarthritis: a new disease entity, not necessarily early ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 72(2):162–164PubMedCrossRef
52.
go back to reference Madsen KB, Jurik AG (2010) MRI grading method for active and chronic spinal changes in spondyloarthritis. Clin Radiol 65(1):6–14PubMedCrossRef Madsen KB, Jurik AG (2010) MRI grading method for active and chronic spinal changes in spondyloarthritis. Clin Radiol 65(1):6–14PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Boyesen P, McQueen FM, Gandjbakhch F et al (2011) The OMERACT Psoriatic Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (PsAMRIS) is reliable and sensitive to change: results from an OMERACT workshop. J Rheumatol 38(9):2034–2038PubMedCrossRef Boyesen P, McQueen FM, Gandjbakhch F et al (2011) The OMERACT Psoriatic Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (PsAMRIS) is reliable and sensitive to change: results from an OMERACT workshop. J Rheumatol 38(9):2034–2038PubMedCrossRef
54.
go back to reference National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2008) Adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab for ankylosing spondylitis. NICE technology appraisal guidance 143. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, London National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2008) Adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab for ankylosing spondylitis. NICE technology appraisal guidance 143. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, London
55.
go back to reference Song IH, Carrasco-Fernandez J, Rudwaleit M et al (2008) The diagnostic value of scintigraphy in assessing sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic literature research. Ann Rheum Dis 67(11):1535–1540PubMedCrossRef Song IH, Carrasco-Fernandez J, Rudwaleit M et al (2008) The diagnostic value of scintigraphy in assessing sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic literature research. Ann Rheum Dis 67(11):1535–1540PubMedCrossRef
56.
go back to reference Yildiz A, Gungor F, Tuncer T et al (2001) The evaluation of sacroiliitis using 99mTc-nanocolloid and 99mTc-MDP scintigraphy. Nucl Med Commun 22(7):785–794PubMedCrossRef Yildiz A, Gungor F, Tuncer T et al (2001) The evaluation of sacroiliitis using 99mTc-nanocolloid and 99mTc-MDP scintigraphy. Nucl Med Commun 22(7):785–794PubMedCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Depasquale R, Kumar N, Lalam RK et al (2012) SAPHO: What radiologists should know. Clin Radiol 67(3):195-206 Depasquale R, Kumar N, Lalam RK et al (2012) SAPHO: What radiologists should know. Clin Radiol 67(3):195-206
58.
go back to reference Colina M, Govoni M, Orzincolo C et al (2009) Clinical and radiologic evolution of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome: a single center study of a cohort of 71 subjects. Arthritis Rheum 61(6):813–821PubMedCrossRef Colina M, Govoni M, Orzincolo C et al (2009) Clinical and radiologic evolution of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome: a single center study of a cohort of 71 subjects. Arthritis Rheum 61(6):813–821PubMedCrossRef
59.
go back to reference Strobel K, Fischer DR, Tamborrini G et al (2010) 18F-fluoride PET/CT for detection of sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 37(9):1760–1765PubMedCrossRef Strobel K, Fischer DR, Tamborrini G et al (2010) 18F-fluoride PET/CT for detection of sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 37(9):1760–1765PubMedCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Rowbotham EL, Grainger AJ (2011) Rheumatoid arthritis: ultrasound versus MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 197(3):541–546PubMedCrossRef Rowbotham EL, Grainger AJ (2011) Rheumatoid arthritis: ultrasound versus MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 197(3):541–546PubMedCrossRef
61.
go back to reference Mohammadi A, Ghasemi-Rad M, Aghdashi M et al (2013) Evaluation of disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis; diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasonography. Skeletal Radiol 42:219-224 Mohammadi A, Ghasemi-Rad M, Aghdashi M et al (2013) Evaluation of disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis; diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasonography. Skeletal Radiol 42:219-224
62.
go back to reference Spadaro A, Iagnocco A, Perrotta FM et al (2011) Clinical and ultrasonography assessment of peripheral enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 50(11):2080–2086CrossRef Spadaro A, Iagnocco A, Perrotta FM et al (2011) Clinical and ultrasonography assessment of peripheral enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 50(11):2080–2086CrossRef
63.
go back to reference Kiris A, Kaya A, Ozgocmen S et al (2006) Assessment of enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis by power Doppler ultrasonography. Skeletal Radiol 35(7):522–8PubMedCrossRef Kiris A, Kaya A, Ozgocmen S et al (2006) Assessment of enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis by power Doppler ultrasonography. Skeletal Radiol 35(7):522–8PubMedCrossRef
64.
go back to reference D’Agostino MA, Said-Nahal R, Hacquard-Bouder C et al (2003) Assessment of peripheral enthesitis in the spondylarthropathies by ultrasonography combined with power Doppler: a cross-sectional study. Arthritis Rheum 48(2):523–533PubMedCrossRef D’Agostino MA, Said-Nahal R, Hacquard-Bouder C et al (2003) Assessment of peripheral enthesitis in the spondylarthropathies by ultrasonography combined with power Doppler: a cross-sectional study. Arthritis Rheum 48(2):523–533PubMedCrossRef
65.
go back to reference Tinazzi I, McGonagle D, Biasi D et al (2011) Preliminary evidence that subclinical enthesopathy may predict psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis. J Rheumatol 38(12):2691–2692PubMedCrossRef Tinazzi I, McGonagle D, Biasi D et al (2011) Preliminary evidence that subclinical enthesopathy may predict psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis. J Rheumatol 38(12):2691–2692PubMedCrossRef
66.
go back to reference Aydin SZ, Karadag O, Filippucci E et al (2010) Monitoring Achilles enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis during TNF-alpha antagonist therapy: an ultrasound study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 49(3):578–582CrossRef Aydin SZ, Karadag O, Filippucci E et al (2010) Monitoring Achilles enthesitis in ankylosing spondylitis during TNF-alpha antagonist therapy: an ultrasound study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 49(3):578–582CrossRef
67.
go back to reference Chowalloor PV, Keen HI (2013) A systematic review of ultrasonography in gout and asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. Ann Rheum Dis 72(5):638-645 Chowalloor PV, Keen HI (2013) A systematic review of ultrasonography in gout and asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. Ann Rheum Dis 72(5):638-645
68.
go back to reference McQueen FM, Reeves Q, Dalbeth N (2013) New insights into an old disease: advanced imaging in the diagnosis and management of gout. Postgrad Med J 89(1048):87–93PubMedCrossRef McQueen FM, Reeves Q, Dalbeth N (2013) New insights into an old disease: advanced imaging in the diagnosis and management of gout. Postgrad Med J 89(1048):87–93PubMedCrossRef
69.
go back to reference Yu JS, Chung C, Recht M et al (1997) MR imaging of tophaceous gout. AJR Am J Roentgenol 168(2):523–527PubMedCrossRef Yu JS, Chung C, Recht M et al (1997) MR imaging of tophaceous gout. AJR Am J Roentgenol 168(2):523–527PubMedCrossRef
70.
go back to reference Desai MA, Peterson JJ, Garner HW et al (2011) Clinical utility of dual-energy CT for evaluation of tophaceous gout. Radiographics 31(5):1365–1375, discussion 1376–7PubMedCrossRef Desai MA, Peterson JJ, Garner HW et al (2011) Clinical utility of dual-energy CT for evaluation of tophaceous gout. Radiographics 31(5):1365–1375, discussion 1376–7PubMedCrossRef
71.
go back to reference Gerster JC, Landry M, Dufresne L et al (2002) Imaging of tophaceous gout: computed tomography provides specific images compared with magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography. Ann Rheum Dis 61(1):52–54PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Gerster JC, Landry M, Dufresne L et al (2002) Imaging of tophaceous gout: computed tomography provides specific images compared with magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography. Ann Rheum Dis 61(1):52–54PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
72.
go back to reference Zhang W, Doherty M, Bardin T et al (2006) EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part II: Management. Report of a task force of the EULAR Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis 65(10):1312–1324PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Zhang W, Doherty M, Bardin T et al (2006) EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part II: Management. Report of a task force of the EULAR Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis 65(10):1312–1324PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
73.
go back to reference Zhang W, Doherty M, Pascual E et al (2006) EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part I: Diagnosis. Report of a task force of the Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis 65(10):1301–1311PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Zhang W, Doherty M, Pascual E et al (2006) EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part I: Diagnosis. Report of a task force of the Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis 65(10):1301–1311PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Imaging in rheumatology: reconciling radiology and rheumatology
Authors
Bernhard J. Tins
Robin Butler
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Insights into Imaging / Issue 6/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1869-4101
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13244-013-0293-1

Other articles of this Issue 6/2013

Insights into Imaging 6/2013 Go to the issue