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Open Access 25-04-2024 | Hypertension | Nutrition and Hypertension (T Mori, Section Editor)

Breaking the Barrier: The Role of Gut Epithelial Permeability in the Pathogenesis of Hypertension

Authors: Matthew Snelson, Tim Vanuytsel, Francine Z. Marques

Published in: Current Hypertension Reports

Abstract

Purpose of the Review

To review what intestinal permeability is and how it is measured, and to summarise the current evidence linking altered intestinal permeability with the development of hypertension.

Recent Findings

Increased gastrointestinal permeability, directly measured in vivo, has been demonstrated in experimental and genetic animal models of hypertension. This is consistent with the passage of microbial substances to the systemic circulation and the activation of inflammatory pathways. Evidence for increased gut permeability in human hypertension has been reliant of a handful of blood biomarkers, with no studies directly measuring gut permeability in hypertensive cohorts. There is emerging literature that some of these putative biomarkers may not accurately reflect permeability of the gastrointestinal tract.

Summary

Data from animal models of hypertension support they have increased gut permeability; however, there is a dearth of conclusive evidence in humans. Future studies are needed that directly measure intestinal permeability in people with hypertension.

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Title: Breaking the Barrier: The Role of Gut Epithelial Permeability in the Pathogenesis of Hypertension
Authors: Matthew Snelson
Tim Vanuytsel
Francine Z. Marques
Publication date: 25-04-2024
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Hypertension
Esophagus and Gastrointestinal Tract
Gastrointestinal Microbiota
Hypertension
Published in: Current Hypertension Reports
Print ISSN: 1522-6417
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3111
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-024-01307-2

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3D illustration of intestinal villi/© Dr_Microbe / Stock.adobe.com, STEP AAG HeroTeaserCollection image/© Tarek / Generated with AI / Stock.adobe.com, ACC 2024 Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Valvular Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 HF and Cardiomyopathies: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, Woman out walking/© Seventyfour / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Woman checking smartwatch /© saltdium / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Cardiac catheterization/© Damian / stock.adobe.com