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Virology Journal

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Open Access 01-12-2020 | Hepatitis | Review

Hepatitis E virus infection during pregnancy

Authors: Chunchen Wu, Xiaoxue Wu, Jianbo Xia

Published in: Virology Journal | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Background

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) generally causes self-limiting viral hepatitis. However, in pregnant women, HEV infection can be severe and has been associated with up to 30% mortality in the third trimester. Additionally, HEV infection in pregnancy is also associated with high rates of preterm labor and vertical transmission.

Main body

HEV is now recognized as a global health problem in both developing and industrialized countries. HEV can be transmitted via the fecal-oral route, zoonotic route, and blood transfusion route. An altered immune status, hormonal levels, and viral factors may be related to the severity of the disease. Currently, no established treatment is available for HEV in pregnant women. A Chinese vaccine has been demonstrated to be protective against HEV in the general population and seems to be safe in pregnancy; however, its safety and efficacy in a large population of pregnant women remain to be determined.

Conclusion

This review summarizes the current knowledge about HEV infection during pregnancy and focuses on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, mechanisms underlying severe liver injury, and management and prevention of HEV infection during pregnancy. Considering that HEV infection during pregnancy may result in poor outcomes, screening for and monitoring HEV infection early in pregnancy should be taken into account. In addition, a better understanding of the pathogenesis will help to develop potential treatment strategies targeting HEV infection in pregnancy.

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Title: Hepatitis E virus infection during pregnancy
Authors: Chunchen Wu
Xiaoxue Wu
Jianbo Xia
Publication date: 01-12-2020
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Hepatitis
Hepatitis E
Infection in Pregnancy
Published in: Virology Journal / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1743-422X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-020-01343-9

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