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BMC Ophthalmology
Published in: BMC Ophthalmology 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

Foveal microvasculature features of surgically closed macular hole using optical coherence tomography angiography

Authors: Joon Hee Cho, Ho Chul Yi, So Hyun Bae, Hakyoung Kim

Published in: BMC Ophthalmology | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

To describe the features of foveal microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to determine the related clinical factors in eyes with surgically closed macular hole (MH).

Methods

A retrospective case series of 18 patients with unilateral MH was reviewed. The patients maintained complete hole closure after vitrectomy with inner limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for at least 12 months. The healthy fellow eyes were studied as controls. The foveal microvasculature of both eyes was examined by OCTA. The area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and the vascular density (VD) ratio in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses (SCP and DCP) were determined after surgery. Several clinical factors including age, stage and dimensions of MH, papillofoveal distance, the extent of nasal displacement of the fovea after surgery, postoperative central foveal thickness, and outer-retina integrity were evaluated to determine any relationships with the OCTA parameters.

Results

The mean FAZ area in both the SCP and DCP (0.29 ± 0.11 mm2 and 0.39 ± 0.14 mm2) was significantly smaller than those of the controls (0.45 ± 0.14 mm2 and 0.62 ± 0.22 mm2) (p = 0.001 and <0.001, respectively). The mean VD ratio in the SCP (0.270 ± 0.349) was similar to that of the controls (0.321 ± 0.189) (p = 0.231); however, that in the DCP (0.321 ± 0.189) was significantly lower than that of the controls (0.331 ± 0.119) (p = 0.025). Only the extent of nasal displacement of the fovea was correlated with the DCP FAZ-area difference values between the study group and the controls (correlation coefficient = 0.577; p = 0.012).

Conclusions

After successful MH surgery, the FAZ area in both the SCP and DCP was smaller and the VD ratio of the DCP was lower, suggesting a possible DCP vulnerability to tractional stress. As the FAZ area of the DCP in closed-MH eyes became smaller than that in the controls, the fovea was less displaced toward the optic disc, possibly reflecting a lack of retinal redundancy caused by horizontal stretching accompanied by foveal displacement.
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Metadata
Title
Foveal microvasculature features of surgically closed macular hole using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors
Joon Hee Cho
Ho Chul Yi
So Hyun Bae
Hakyoung Kim
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Ophthalmology / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2415
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-017-0607-z

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