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International Journal of Legal Medicine
Published in: International Journal of Legal Medicine 1/2017

01-01-2017 | Review

Forensically relevant SNaPshot® assays for human DNA SNP analysis: a review

Authors: Bhavik Mehta, Runa Daniel, Chris Phillips, Dennis McNevin

Published in: International Journal of Legal Medicine | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Short tandem repeats are the gold standard for human identification but are not informative for forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as genetic markers can be applied to both identification and FDP. The concept of DNA intelligence emerged with the potential for SNPs to infer biogeographical ancestry (BGA) and externally visible characteristics (EVCs), which together enable the FDP process. For more than a decade, the SNaPshot® technique has been utilised to analyse identity and FDP-associated SNPs in forensic DNA analysis. SNaPshot is a single-base extension (SBE) assay with capillary electrophoresis as its detection system. This multiplexing technique offers the advantage of easy integration into operational forensic laboratories without the requirement for any additional equipment. Further, the SNP panels from SNaPshot® assays can be incorporated into customised panels for massively parallel sequencing (MPS). Many SNaPshot® assays are available for identity, BGA and EVC profiling with examples including the well-known SNPforID 52-plex identity assay, the SNPforID 34-plex BGA assay and the HIrisPlex EVC assay. This review lists the major forensically relevant SNaPshot® assays for human DNA SNP analysis and can be used as a guide for selecting the appropriate assay for specific identity and FDP applications.
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Metadata
Title
Forensically relevant SNaPshot® assays for human DNA SNP analysis: a review
Authors
Bhavik Mehta
Runa Daniel
Chris Phillips
Dennis McNevin
Publication date
01-01-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
International Journal of Legal Medicine / Issue 1/2017
Print ISSN: 0937-9827
Electronic ISSN: 1437-1596
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-016-1490-5

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