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01-02-2020 | Folic Acid | Original Contribution

Supplementation with dairy matrices impacts on homocysteine levels and gut microbiota composition of hyperhomocysteinemic mice

Authors: Paola Zinno, Vincenzo Motta, Barbara Guantario, Fausta Natella, Marianna Roselli, Cristiano Bello, Raffaella Comitato, Domenico Carminati, Flavio Tidona, Aurora Meucci, Paola Aiello, Giuditta Perozzi, Fabio Virgili, Paolo Trevisi, Raffaella Canali, Chiara Devirgiliis

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Purpose

Several studies highlighted a correlation between folic acid deficiency and high plasma homocysteine concentration, considered a risk factor for multifactorial diseases. Natural folates represent an emerging alternative strategy to supplementation with synthetic folic acid, whose effects are controversial. The present work was, therefore, performed in hyperhomocysteinemic mice to study the impact of supplementation with dairy matrices containing natural folates on plasma homocysteine levels and faecal microbiota composition.

Methods

Forty mice were divided into six groups, two of which fed control or folic acid deficient (FD) diets for 10 weeks. The remaining four groups were fed FD diet for the first 5 weeks and then shifted to a standard control diet containing synthetic folic acid (R) or a FD diet supplemented with folate-enriched fermented milk (FFM) produced by selected lactic acid bacteria, fermented milk (FM), or milk (M), for additional 5 weeks.

Results

Supplementation with dairy matrices restored homocysteine levels in FD mice, although impacting differently on hepatic S-adenosyl-methionine levels. In particular, FFM restored both homocysteine and S-adenosyl-methionine levels to the control conditions, in comparison with FM and M. Next generation sequencing analysis revealed that faecal microbiota of mice supplemented with FFM, FM and M were characterised by a higher richness of bacterial species in comparison with C, FD and R groups. Analysis of beta diversity highlighted that the three dairy matrices determined specific, significant variations of faecal microbiota composition, while hyperhomocysteinemia was not associated with significant changes.

Conclusions

Overall, the results represent a promising starting point for the applicability of food matrices enriched in natural folates to manage hyperhomocysteinemia.

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Title: Supplementation with dairy matrices impacts on homocysteine levels and gut microbiota composition of hyperhomocysteinemic mice
Authors: Paola Zinno
Vincenzo Motta
Barbara Guantario
Fausta Natella
Marianna Roselli
Cristiano Bello
Raffaella Comitato
Domenico Carminati
Flavio Tidona
Aurora Meucci
Paola Aiello
Giuditta Perozzi
Fabio Virgili
Paolo Trevisi
Raffaella Canali
Chiara Devirgiliis
Publication date: 01-02-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: Folic Acid
Respiratory Microbiota
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2020
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-01911-y

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