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Open Access 14-02-2024 | Cardio-Oncology

Exercise, cancer, and the cardiovascular system: clinical effects and mechanistic insights

Authors: Simon Wernhart, Tienush Rassaf

Published in: Basic Research in Cardiology

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the leading causes of death in the Western world and share common risk factors. Reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a major determinant of cardiovascular morbidity and cancer survival. In this review we discuss cancer- induced disturbances of parenchymal, cellular, and mitochondrial function, which limit CRF and may be antagonized and attenuated through exercise training. We show the impact of CRF on cancer survival and its attenuating effects on cardiotoxicity of cancer-related treatment. Tailored exercise programs are not yet available for each tumor entity as several trials were performed in heterogeneous populations without adequate cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) prior to exercise prescription and with a wide variation of exercise modalities. There is emerging evidence that exercise may be a crucial pillar in cancer treatment and a tool to mitigate cardiotoxic treatment effects. We discuss modalities of aerobic exercise and resistance training and their potential to improve CRF in cancer patients and provide an example of a periodization model for exercise training in cancer.
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Metadata
Title
Exercise, cancer, and the cardiovascular system: clinical effects and mechanistic insights
Authors
Simon Wernhart
Tienush Rassaf
Publication date
14-02-2024
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Basic Research in Cardiology
Print ISSN: 0300-8428
Electronic ISSN: 1435-1803
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-024-01034-4