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Journal of Cancer Survivorship

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Open Access 01-04-2019 | Breast Cancer

High-intensity exercise during chemotherapy induces beneficial effects 12 months into breast cancer survivorship

Authors: Sara Mijwel, Anna Jervaeus, Kate A. Bolam, Jessica Norrbom, Jonas Bergh, Helene Rundqvist, Yvonne Wengström

Published in: Journal of Cancer Survivorship | Issue 2/2019

Abstract

Purpose

Whether the benefits of exercise during chemotherapy continue into survivorship is not well-known. Here, the aim was to examine the effects of two exercise interventions on self-reported health-related and objectively measured physiological outcomes 12 months following commencement of chemotherapy.

Methods

Two hundred and forty women with breast cancer stage I–IIIa were randomized to 16 weeks of high-intensity aerobic interval training combined with either resistance training (RT-HIIT), or moderate-intensity aerobic training (AT-HIIT), or to usual care (UC). Primary outcome: cancer-related fatigue (CRF); secondary outcomes: quality of life (QoL), symptom burden, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory-fitness, body mass, and return to work.

Results

Compared to UC, both RT-HIIT and AT-HIIT significantly counteracted increases in total CRF (ES = − 0.34; ES = − 0.10), daily life CRF (ES=-0.76; ES=-0.50, and affective CRF (ES=-0.60; ES=-0.39). Both RT-HIIT and AT-HIIT reported significantly lower total symptoms (ES = − 0.46, ES = − 0.46), and displayed gains in lower limb (ES = 0.73; ES = 1.03) and handgrip muscle strength (surgery side ES = 0.70, ES = 0.71; non-surgery side ES = 0.57, ES = 0.59). AT-HIIT displayed significant reductions in body mass (ES = − 0.24), improved QoL: role (ES = 0.33) and emotional functioning (ES = 0.40), and a larger proportion had returned to work (p = 0.02) vs UC.

Conclusion

These findings emphasize the beneficial effects of supervised high-intensity exercise during chemotherapy to improve the health and to reduce societal costs associated with prolonged sick leave for patients with breast cancer several months following chemotherapy.

Implications for Cancer Survivors

These findings provide important information with substantial positive consequences for breast cancer survivorship. High-intensity exercise programs during chemotherapy and support to maintain physical activity can be a powerful strategy to manage or prevent many of the short- and long-term adverse effects of treatment for the increasing cohort of cancer survivors.

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Title: High-intensity exercise during chemotherapy induces beneficial effects 12 months into breast cancer survivorship
Authors: Sara Mijwel
Anna Jervaeus
Kate A. Bolam
Jessica Norrbom
Jonas Bergh
Helene Rundqvist
Yvonne Wengström
Publication date: 01-04-2019
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer
Cancer Fatigue
Cytostatic Therapy
Published in: Journal of Cancer Survivorship / Issue 2/2019
Print ISSN: 1932-2259
Electronic ISSN: 1932-2267
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-019-00747-z

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