Published in:
01-03-2018 | Epidemiology of Fungal Infections (T Chiller and JW Baddley, Section Editors)
Epidemiology of Histoplasmosis
Authors:
Morgan C. Scully, John W. Baddley
Published in:
Current Fungal Infection Reports
|
Issue 1/2018
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Abstract
Purpose of Review
Histoplasma capsulatum is an environmental fungus that contributes significant morbidity and mortality throughout the globe, especially in immunocompromised hosts. This review presents current data on the understanding of histoplasmosis epidemiology, including changing incidence among geographic regions and patient populations with increased risk.
Recent Findings
Global cases are more frequently identified due to the HIV epidemic, an increasing number of immunocompromised patients, and improved diagnostic capabilities. The global distribution of histoplasmosis extends to several countries in Central and South America and the Caribbean, as well as southern and sub-Saharan Africa, India, China, and Southeast Asia. Cases are also seen throughout Europe and non-endemic regions of the USA often due to migration and travelers.
Summary
The changing epidemiology of histoplasmosis underlines the importance of continued surveillance and reporting to better understand the regions which place patients at a higher risk for infection.