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Molecular Neurodegeneration
Published in: Molecular Neurodegeneration 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

Endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in the central nervous system

Authors: Neil T. Sprenkle, Savannah G. Sims, Cristina L. Sánchez, Gordon P. Meares

Published in: Molecular Neurodegeneration | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Persistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is thought to drive the pathology of many chronic disorders due to its potential to elicit aberrant inflammatory signaling and facilitate cell death. In neurodegenerative diseases, the accumulation of misfolded proteins and concomitant induction of ER stress in neurons contributes to neuronal dysfunction. In addition, ER stress responses induced in the surrounding neuroglia may promote disease progression by coordinating damaging inflammatory responses, which help fuel a neurotoxic milieu. Nevertheless, there still remains a gap in knowledge regarding the cell-specific mechanisms by which ER stress mediates neuroinflammation. In this review, we will discuss recently uncovered inflammatory pathways linked to the ER stress response. Moreover, we will summarize the present literature delineating how ER stress is generated in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Multiple Sclerosis, and highlight how ER stress and neuroinflammation intersect mechanistically within the central nervous system. The mechanisms by which stress-induced inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases remain poorly understood. Further examination of this interplay could present unappreciated insights into the development of neurodegenerative diseases, and reveal new therapeutic targets.
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Metadata
Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in the central nervous system
Authors
Neil T. Sprenkle
Savannah G. Sims
Cristina L. Sánchez
Gordon P. Meares
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Neurodegeneration / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1750-1326
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-017-0183-y

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