Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Annals of Surgical Oncology 4/2015

01-04-2015 | Healthcare Policy and Outcomes

Development and Assessment of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center’s Surgical Secondary Events Grading System

Authors: Vivian E. Strong, MD, FACS, Luke V. Selby, MD, Mindy Sovel, MPH, MA, Joseph J. Disa, MD, FACS, William Hoskins, MD, FACS, Ronald Dematteo, MD, FACS, Peter Scardino, MD, FACS, David P. Jaques, MD, FACS

Published in: Annals of Surgical Oncology | Issue 4/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Studying surgical secondary events is an evolving effort with no current established system for database design, standard reporting, or definitions. Using the Clavien–Dindo classification as a guide, in 2001 we developed a Surgical Secondary Events database based on grade of event and required intervention to begin prospectively recording and analyzing all surgical secondary events (SSE).

Methods

Events are prospectively entered into the database by attending surgeons, house staff, and research staff. In 2008 we performed a blinded external audit of 1,498 operations that were randomly selected to examine the quality and reliability of the data.

Results

Of 4,284 operations, 1,498 were audited during the third quarter of 2008. Of these operations, 79 % (N = 1,180) did not have a secondary event while 21 % (N = 318) had an identified event; 91 % of operations (1,365) were correctly entered into the SSE database. Also 97 % (129 of 133) of missed secondary events were grades I and II. There were 3 grade III (2 %) and 1 grade IV (1 %) secondary event that were missed. There were no missed grade 5 secondary events.

Conclusions

Grade III–IV events are more accurately collected than grade I–II events. Robust and accurate secondary events data can be collected by clinicians and research staff, and these data can safely be used for quality improvement projects and research.
Literature
2.
go back to reference Clavien PA, Sanabria JR, Strasberg SM. Proposed classification of complications of surgery with examples of utility in cholecystecomy. Surgery. 1992;111:518–26.PubMed Clavien PA, Sanabria JR, Strasberg SM. Proposed classification of complications of surgery with examples of utility in cholecystecomy. Surgery. 1992;111:518–26.PubMed
3.
go back to reference Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA. Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 2004;240:205–13.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA. Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 2004;240:205–13.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
4.
go back to reference Strasberg SM, Linehan DC, Hawkins WG. The accordion severity grading system of surgical complications. Ann Surg. 2009;250:177–86.CrossRefPubMed Strasberg SM, Linehan DC, Hawkins WG. The accordion severity grading system of surgical complications. Ann Surg. 2009;250:177–86.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Pomposelli JJ, Gupta SK, Zacharoulis DC, Landa R, Miller A, Nanda R. Surgical complication outcome (SCOUT) score: a new method to evaluate quality of care in vascular surgery. J Vasc Surg. 1997;25:1007–14; discussion 1014–5.CrossRefPubMed Pomposelli JJ, Gupta SK, Zacharoulis DC, Landa R, Miller A, Nanda R. Surgical complication outcome (SCOUT) score: a new method to evaluate quality of care in vascular surgery. J Vasc Surg. 1997;25:1007–14; discussion 1014–5.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Veen MR, Lardenoye JW, Kastelein GW, Breslau PJ. Recording and classification of complications in a surgical practice. Eur J Surg. 1999;165:421–4; discussion 425.CrossRefPubMed Veen MR, Lardenoye JW, Kastelein GW, Breslau PJ. Recording and classification of complications in a surgical practice. Eur J Surg. 1999;165:421–4; discussion 425.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Pillai SB, van Rij AM, Williams S, Thomson IA, Putterill MJ, Greig S. Complexity- and risk-adjusted model for measuring surgical outcome. Br J Surg. 1999;86:1567–72.CrossRefPubMed Pillai SB, van Rij AM, Williams S, Thomson IA, Putterill MJ, Greig S. Complexity- and risk-adjusted model for measuring surgical outcome. Br J Surg. 1999;86:1567–72.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Clavien PA, Barkun J, de Oliveira ML, Vauthey JN, Dindo D, Schulick RD, et al. The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications: five-year experience. Ann Surg. 2009;250:187–96.CrossRefPubMed Clavien PA, Barkun J, de Oliveira ML, Vauthey JN, Dindo D, Schulick RD, et al. The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications: five-year experience. Ann Surg. 2009;250:187–96.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Khuri SF, Daley J, Henderson W, Hur K, Demakis J, Aust JB, et al. The Department of Veterans Affairs’ NSQIP: the first national, validated, outcome-based, risk-adjusted, and peer-controlled program for the measurement and enhancement of the quality of surgical care. National VA Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Ann Surg. 1998;228:491–507.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Khuri SF, Daley J, Henderson W, Hur K, Demakis J, Aust JB, et al. The Department of Veterans Affairs’ NSQIP: the first national, validated, outcome-based, risk-adjusted, and peer-controlled program for the measurement and enhancement of the quality of surgical care. National VA Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Ann Surg. 1998;228:491–507.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
10.
go back to reference Khuri SF, Henderson WG, Daley J, Jonasson O, Jones RS, Campbell DA Jr, et al. Successful implementation of the Department of Veterans Affairs’ National Surgical Quality Improvement Program in the private sector: the Patient Safety in Surgery study. Ann Surg. 2008;248:329–36.CrossRefPubMed Khuri SF, Henderson WG, Daley J, Jonasson O, Jones RS, Campbell DA Jr, et al. Successful implementation of the Department of Veterans Affairs’ National Surgical Quality Improvement Program in the private sector: the Patient Safety in Surgery study. Ann Surg. 2008;248:329–36.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Lawson EH, Louie R, Zingmond DS, Brook RH, Hall BL, Han L, et al. A comparison of clinical registry versus administrative claims data for reporting of 30-day surgical complications. Ann Surg. 2012;256:973–81.CrossRefPubMed Lawson EH, Louie R, Zingmond DS, Brook RH, Hall BL, Han L, et al. A comparison of clinical registry versus administrative claims data for reporting of 30-day surgical complications. Ann Surg. 2012;256:973–81.CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Steinberg SM, Popa MR, Michalek JA, Bethel MJ, Ellison EC. Comparison of risk adjustment methodologies in surgical quality improvement. Surgery. 2008;144:662–7; discussion 662–7.CrossRefPubMed Steinberg SM, Popa MR, Michalek JA, Bethel MJ, Ellison EC. Comparison of risk adjustment methodologies in surgical quality improvement. Surgery. 2008;144:662–7; discussion 662–7.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Hall BL, Hamilton BH, Richards K, Bilimoria KY, Cohen ME, Ko CY. Does surgical quality improve in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program: an evaluation of all participating hospitals. Ann Surg. 2009;250:363–76.PubMed Hall BL, Hamilton BH, Richards K, Bilimoria KY, Cohen ME, Ko CY. Does surgical quality improve in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program: an evaluation of all participating hospitals. Ann Surg. 2009;250:363–76.PubMed
14.
go back to reference Bilimoria KY, Liu Y, Paruch JL, Zhou L, Kmiecik TE, Ko CY, et al. Development and evaluation of the universal ACS NSQIP surgical risk calculator: a decision aid and informed consent tool for patients and surgeons. J Am Coll Surg. 2013;217:833–42; e831–3. Bilimoria KY, Liu Y, Paruch JL, Zhou L, Kmiecik TE, Ko CY, et al. Development and evaluation of the universal ACS NSQIP surgical risk calculator: a decision aid and informed consent tool for patients and surgeons. J Am Coll Surg. 2013;217:833–42; e831–3.
15.
go back to reference Grobmyer SR, Pieracci FM, Allen PJ, Brennan MF, Jaques DP. Defining morbidity after pancreaticoduodenectomy: use of a prospective complication grading system. J Am Coll Surg. 2007;204:356–64.CrossRefPubMed Grobmyer SR, Pieracci FM, Allen PJ, Brennan MF, Jaques DP. Defining morbidity after pancreaticoduodenectomy: use of a prospective complication grading system. J Am Coll Surg. 2007;204:356–64.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Smith JD, Butte JM, Weiser MR, D’Angelica MI, Paty PB, Temple LK, et al. Anastomotic leak following low anterior resection in stage IV rectal cancer is associated with poor survival. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20:2641–6.CrossRefPubMed Smith JD, Butte JM, Weiser MR, D’Angelica MI, Paty PB, Temple LK, et al. Anastomotic leak following low anterior resection in stage IV rectal cancer is associated with poor survival. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20:2641–6.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Kelly KJ, Allen PJ, Brennan MF, Gollub MJ, Coit DG, Strong VE. Internal hernia after gastrectomy for cancer with Roux-Y reconstruction. Surgery. 2013;154:305–11.CrossRefPubMed Kelly KJ, Allen PJ, Brennan MF, Gollub MJ, Coit DG, Strong VE. Internal hernia after gastrectomy for cancer with Roux-Y reconstruction. Surgery. 2013;154:305–11.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference LaFemina J, Vinuela EF, Schattner MA, Gerdes H, Strong VE. Esophagojejunal reconstruction after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer using a transorally inserted anvil delivery system. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20:2975–83.CrossRefPubMed LaFemina J, Vinuela EF, Schattner MA, Gerdes H, Strong VE. Esophagojejunal reconstruction after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer using a transorally inserted anvil delivery system. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20:2975–83.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Allen PJ, Chou J, Janakos M, Strong VE, Coit DG, Brennan MF. Prospective evaluation of laparoscopic celiac plexus block in patients with unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2011;18:636–41.CrossRefPubMed Allen PJ, Chou J, Janakos M, Strong VE, Coit DG, Brennan MF. Prospective evaluation of laparoscopic celiac plexus block in patients with unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2011;18:636–41.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Butte JM, Brennan MF, Gonen M, Tang LH, D’Angelica MI, Fong Y, et al. Solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas. Clinical features, surgical outcomes, and long-term survival in 45 consecutive patients from a single center. J Gastrointest Surg. 2011;15:350–7.CrossRefPubMed Butte JM, Brennan MF, Gonen M, Tang LH, D’Angelica MI, Fong Y, et al. Solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas. Clinical features, surgical outcomes, and long-term survival in 45 consecutive patients from a single center. J Gastrointest Surg. 2011;15:350–7.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Development and Assessment of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center’s Surgical Secondary Events Grading System
Authors
Vivian E. Strong, MD, FACS
Luke V. Selby, MD
Mindy Sovel, MPH, MA
Joseph J. Disa, MD, FACS
William Hoskins, MD, FACS
Ronald Dematteo, MD, FACS
Peter Scardino, MD, FACS
David P. Jaques, MD, FACS
Publication date
01-04-2015
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Annals of Surgical Oncology / Issue 4/2015
Print ISSN: 1068-9265
Electronic ISSN: 1534-4681
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-014-4141-4

Other articles of this Issue 4/2015

Annals of Surgical Oncology 4/2015 Go to the issue