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The journal of nutrition, health & aging
Published in: The journal of nutrition, health & aging 2/2020

01-02-2020 | Dementia

Prevalence of Cognitive Frailty Phenotypes and Associated Factors in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Population

Authors: Q. Ruan, F. Xiao, K. Gong, W. Zhang, M. Zhang, J. Ruan, X. Zhang, Q. Chen, Zhuowei Yu

Published in: The journal of nutrition, health & aging | Issue 2/2020

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Abstract

Objectives

Cognitive frailty was notable target for the prevention of adverse health outcomes in future. The goal of this study was to use a population-based survey to investigate cognitive frailty phenotypes and potentially sociodemographic factors in elderly Chinese individuals.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

General community.

Participants

A total of 5328 elderly adults (aged 60 years or older, mean age 71.36 years) enrolled in the Shanghai study of health promotion for elderly individuals with frailty.

Measurements

The 5-item FRAIL scale and the 3-item Rapid Cognitive Screen tools were used to assess physical frailty and cognitive impairment, including dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Physical frailty was diagnosed by limitations in 3 or more of the FRAIL scale domains and pre-physical frailty by 1–2 limitations. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and pre-MCI SCD, was diagnosed with two self-report measures based on memory and other cognitive domains in elderly adults.

Results

Of the participating individuals, 97.17% (n= 5177, female 53.4%) were eligible. Notably, 9.67%, 41.61% and 35.20% of participants were MCI, SCD and pre-MCI SCD; 35.86% and 4.41% exhibited physical pre-frailty and frailty; and 19.86% and 6.30% exhibited reversible and potential reversible cognitive frailty. Logistic regression analyses indicated that physical frailty phenotypes were significantly associated with MCI with SCD, and pre-MCI with SCD. Older single females with a high education level were more likely to exhibit the reversible cognitive frailty; and younger elderly individuals with a middle education level were at lower risk for potentially reversible cognitive frailty.

Conclusions

The prevalence of pre-physical and reversible cognitive frailty was high in elderly individuals and age was the most significant risk factor for all types of frailty phenotypes. To promote the rapid screening protocol of cognitive frailty in community-dwelling elderly is important to find high-risk population, implement effective intervention, and decrease adverse prognosis.
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Metadata
Title
Prevalence of Cognitive Frailty Phenotypes and Associated Factors in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Population
Authors
Q. Ruan
F. Xiao
K. Gong
W. Zhang
M. Zhang
J. Ruan
X. Zhang
Q. Chen
Zhuowei Yu
Publication date
01-02-2020
Publisher
Springer Paris
Published in
The journal of nutrition, health & aging / Issue 2/2020
Print ISSN: 1279-7707
Electronic ISSN: 1760-4788
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1286-7

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