Skip to main content
Top
Published in: European Journal of Medical Research 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | COVID-19 | Review

The prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in patients treated with hemodialysis

Authors: Binyu Zeng, Jia Zhou, Daizhuang Peng, Chengmei Dong, Qun Qin

Published in: European Journal of Medical Research | Issue 1/2023

Login to get access

Abstract

Patients treated with hemodialysis are often immunocompromised due to concomitant disease. As a result, this population is at high risk of infection and mortality from COVID-19. In addition to symptomatic treatment, a series of antiviral drugs targeting COVID-19 are now emerging. However, these antivirals are used mainly in mild or moderate patients with high-risk factors for progression to severe disease and are not available as pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19. There is a lack of clinical data on the use of anti-COVID-19 drugs, especially in patients treated with hemodialysis, therefore, vaccination remains the main measure to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in these patients. Here, we review the clinical features and prognosis of patients on hemodialysis infected with SARS-CoV-2, the main anti-COVID-19 drugs currently available for clinical use, and the safety and efficacy of anti-COVID-19 drugs or COVID-19 vaccination in patients treated with hemodialysis. This information will provide a reference for the treatment and vaccination of COVID-19 in patients treated with hemodialysis and maximize the health benefits of these patients during the outbreak.
Literature
7.
go back to reference Descamps-Latscha B, Herbelin A. Long-term dialysis and cellular immunity: a critical survey. Kidney Int Suppl. 1993;41:S135–42.PubMed Descamps-Latscha B, Herbelin A. Long-term dialysis and cellular immunity: a critical survey. Kidney Int Suppl. 1993;41:S135–42.PubMed
13.
go back to reference Fernandez P, Nunez S, De Arteaga J, Chiurchiu C, Douthat W, De La Fuente J. Inadequate doses of hemodialysis. Predisposing factors, causes and prevention. Med-Buenos Aires. 2017;77(2):111–6. Fernandez P, Nunez S, De Arteaga J, Chiurchiu C, Douthat W, De La Fuente J. Inadequate doses of hemodialysis. Predisposing factors, causes and prevention. Med-Buenos Aires. 2017;77(2):111–6.
14.
go back to reference Daugirdas JT, Depner TA, Inrig J, Mehrotra R, Rocco MV, Suri RS, et al. KDOQI clinical practice guideline for hemodialysis adequacy: 2015 update. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;66(5):884–930.CrossRef Daugirdas JT, Depner TA, Inrig J, Mehrotra R, Rocco MV, Suri RS, et al. KDOQI clinical practice guideline for hemodialysis adequacy: 2015 update. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;66(5):884–930.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Ozturk S, Turgutalp K, Arici M, Odabas AR, Altiparmak MR, Aydin Z, et al. Mortality analysis of COVID-19 infection in chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis and renal transplant patients compared with patients without kidney disease: a nationwide analysis from Turkey. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2020;35(12):2083–95. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfaa271.CrossRefPubMed Ozturk S, Turgutalp K, Arici M, Odabas AR, Altiparmak MR, Aydin Z, et al. Mortality analysis of COVID-19 infection in chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis and renal transplant patients compared with patients without kidney disease: a nationwide analysis from Turkey. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2020;35(12):2083–95. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1093/​ndt/​gfaa271.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Moxley G, Posthuma D, Carlson P, Estrada E, Han JF, Benson LL, et al. Sexual dimorphism in innate immunity. Arthr Rheum. 2002;46(1):250–8.CrossRef Moxley G, Posthuma D, Carlson P, Estrada E, Han JF, Benson LL, et al. Sexual dimorphism in innate immunity. Arthr Rheum. 2002;46(1):250–8.CrossRef
42.
51.
go back to reference Wong CKH, Au ICH, Lau KTK, Lau EHY, Cowling BJ, Leung GM. Real-world effectiveness of molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir against mortality, hospitalisation, and in-hospital outcomes among community-dwelling, ambulatory patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during the omicron wave in Hong Kong: an observational study. Lancet. 2022;400(10359):1213–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01586-0.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Wong CKH, Au ICH, Lau KTK, Lau EHY, Cowling BJ, Leung GM. Real-world effectiveness of molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir against mortality, hospitalisation, and in-hospital outcomes among community-dwelling, ambulatory patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during the omicron wave in Hong Kong: an observational study. Lancet. 2022;400(10359):1213–22. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​S0140-6736(22)01586-0.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
55.
go back to reference Spinner CD, Gottlieb RL, Criner GJ, Arribas Lopez JR, Cattelan AM, Soriano Viladomiu A, et al. Effect of remdesivir vs standard care on clinical status at 11 days in patients with moderate covid-19 a randomized clinical trial. Jama-J Am Med Assoc. 2020;324(11):1048–57. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.16349.CrossRef Spinner CD, Gottlieb RL, Criner GJ, Arribas Lopez JR, Cattelan AM, Soriano Viladomiu A, et al. Effect of remdesivir vs standard care on clinical status at 11 days in patients with moderate covid-19 a randomized clinical trial. Jama-J Am Med Assoc. 2020;324(11):1048–57. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1001/​jama.​2020.​16349.CrossRef
72.
go back to reference Poznanski P, Augustyniak-Bartosik H, Magiera-Zak A, Skalec K, Jakuszko K, Mazanowska O, et al. Molnupiravir when used alone seems to be safe and effective as outpatient COVID-19 therapy for hemodialyzed patients and kidney transplant recipients. Viruses. 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14102224.CrossRefPubMed Poznanski P, Augustyniak-Bartosik H, Magiera-Zak A, Skalec K, Jakuszko K, Mazanowska O, et al. Molnupiravir when used alone seems to be safe and effective as outpatient COVID-19 therapy for hemodialyzed patients and kidney transplant recipients. Viruses. 2022. https://​doi.​org/​10.​3390/​v14102224.CrossRefPubMed
79.
go back to reference Stumpf J, Klimova A, Mauer R, Steglich A, Gembardt F, Martin H, et al. Equivalent humoral and cellular immune response but different side effect rates following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in peritoneal and haemodialysis patients using messenger RNA vaccines. Nephrol Dial Trans. 2022;37(4):796–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfab324.CrossRef Stumpf J, Klimova A, Mauer R, Steglich A, Gembardt F, Martin H, et al. Equivalent humoral and cellular immune response but different side effect rates following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in peritoneal and haemodialysis patients using messenger RNA vaccines. Nephrol Dial Trans. 2022;37(4):796–8. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1093/​ndt/​gfab324.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
The prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in patients treated with hemodialysis
Authors
Binyu Zeng
Jia Zhou
Daizhuang Peng
Chengmei Dong
Qun Qin
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
European Journal of Medical Research / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 2047-783X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01389-9

Other articles of this Issue 1/2023

European Journal of Medical Research 1/2023 Go to the issue