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BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | COVID-19 | Research

Association between the severity of periodontitis, COVID-19, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels in hospitalized patients: a case‒control study

Authors: Janet Moradi Haghgoo, Parviz Torkzaban, Maryam Farhadian, Sayed Ali Moosavi Sedeh

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic is perhaps one of the most important events of the 21st century. Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent diseases of the oral cavity. Due to possible pathways of interaction between these two diseases, we investigated their association.

Methods

The study population consisted of hospitalized patients with established COVID-19 diagnoses. Patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 were considered controls, while cases had severe to critical COVID-19. Periodontal examination and serum and saliva sampling were performed for each patient. Relevant medical data were extracted from patients’ hospital files.

Results

Of the enrolled patients, 122 were included in the statistical analyses. The severity of periodontitis was directly and significantly correlated with the severity of COVID-19 (P < 0.001). Patients with generalized stage III or IV periodontitis displayed an adjusted odds ratio of 4.24 for severe to critical COVID-19. Salivary and serum interleukin-6 levels were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity (P values: 0.002 and 0.004, respectively). Hospitalization length was significantly associated with the severity of periodontitis (P = 0.004). Clinical attachment level and gingival index were associated with increased odds for adverse events (P values: 0.004 and 0.035, respectively), while number of remaining teeth was associated with decreased odds for adverse events (P = 0.023).

Conclusions

This study showed that the severity of periodontitis is associated with the severity of COVID-19. This association might manifest as increased odds of adverse events. COVID-19 severity was associated with higher levels of salivary and serum interleukin-6 levels.
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Metadata
Title
Association between the severity of periodontitis, COVID-19, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels in hospitalized patients: a case‒control study
Authors
Janet Moradi Haghgoo
Parviz Torkzaban
Maryam Farhadian
Sayed Ali Moosavi Sedeh
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
COVID-19
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03270-x

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