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Open Access 07-01-2022 | COVID-19 Vaccination | Review Article

Gender differences in the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Stephanie Zintel, Charlotte Flock, Anna Lisa Arbogast, Alice Forster, Christian von Wagner, Monika Sieverding

Published in: Journal of Public Health | Issue 8/2023

Abstract

Aim

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyse gender differences in COVID-19 vaccination intentions.

Subject and methods

PubMed, Web of Science and PsycInfo were searched (November 2020 to January 2021) for studies reporting absolute frequencies of COVID-19 vaccination intentions by gender. Averaged odds ratios comparing vaccination intentions among men and women were computed. Descriptive analyses of the studies were reported.

Results

Sixty studies were included in the review and data from 46 studies (n = 141,550) were available for meta-analysis. A majority (58%) of papers reported men to have higher intentions to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Meta-analytic calculations showed that significantly fewer women stated that they would get vaccinated than men, OR 1.41 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.55). This effect was evident in several countries, and the difference was bigger in samples of health care workers than in unspecified general population samples.

Conclusion

This systematic review and meta-analysis found lower vaccination intentions among women than men. This difference is discussed in the light of recent data on actual vaccination rates in different countries.

Available only for authorised users

Sixteen papers were only excluded from meta-analytic calculations due to the authors not providing us with the necessary data. Three papers were completely excluded. One was a preprint-version of a published article we already included, another one reported an outcome item for vaccination intention that included questions about the assumptions that the COVID-19 vaccination would be a good way to protect oneself and therefore differed too widely from the usually used vaccination intention item. The last one was a preliminary report of a study not properly analysed yet (and only reported gender differences for a specific age group).

Additional frequencies were provided for: Australia, China, Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Sweden, the UK and USA.

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Title: Gender differences in the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Stephanie Zintel
Charlotte Flock
Anna Lisa Arbogast
Alice Forster
Christian von Wagner
Monika Sieverding
Publication date: 07-01-2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keywords: COVID-19 Vaccination
Vaccination
Care
COVID-19
Published in: Journal of Public Health / Issue 8/2023
Print ISSN: 2198-1833
Electronic ISSN: 1613-2238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01677-w

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Gender differences in the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Aim

Subject and methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Aim

Subject and methods

Results

Conclusion

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