Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations 1/2021

Open Access 01-01-2021 | Computed Tomography | Original Article

Fusion of intra-oral scans in cone-beam computed tomography scans

Authors: F. Baan, R. Bruggink, J. Nijsink, T. J. J. Maal, E. M. Ongkosuwito

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 1/2021

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical accuracy of the fusion of intra-oral scans in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans using two commercially available software packages.

Materials and methods

Ten dry human skulls were subjected to structured light scanning, CBCT scanning, and intra-oral scanning. Two commercially available software packages were used to perform fusion of the intra-oral scans in the CBCT scan to create an accurate virtual head model: IPS CaseDesigner® and OrthoAnalyzer™. The structured light scanner was used as a gold standard and was superimposed on the virtual head models, created by IPS CaseDesigner® and OrthoAnalyzer™, using an Iterative Closest Point algorithm. Differences between the positions of the intra-oral scans obtained with the software packages were recorded and expressed in six degrees of freedom as well as the inter- and intra-observer intra-class correlation coefficient.

Results

The tested software packages, IPS CaseDesigner® and OrthoAnalyzer™, showed a high level of accuracy compared to the gold standard. The accuracy was calculated for all six degrees of freedom. It was noticeable that the accuracy in the cranial/caudal direction was the lowest for IPS CaseDesigner® and OrthoAnalyzer™ in both the maxilla and mandible. The inter- and intra-observer intra-class correlation coefficient showed a high level of agreement between the observers.

Clinical relevance

IPS CaseDesigner® and OrthoAnalyzer™ are reliable software packages providing an accurate fusion of the intra-oral scan in the CBCT. Both software packages can be used as an accurate fusion tool of the intra-oral scan in the CBCT which provides an accurate basis for 3D virtual planning.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Jheon AH, Oberoi S, Solem RC, Kapila S (2017) Moving towards precision orthodontics: An evolving paradigm shift in the planning and delivery of customized orthodontic therapy. Orthod. Craniofacial Res. 20(March):106–113CrossRef Jheon AH, Oberoi S, Solem RC, Kapila S (2017) Moving towards precision orthodontics: An evolving paradigm shift in the planning and delivery of customized orthodontic therapy. Orthod. Craniofacial Res. 20(March):106–113CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Verhamme LM, Meijer GJ, Bergé SJ, Soehardi RA, Xi T, de Haan AFJ, Schutyser F, Maal TJJ (2015) An accuracy study of computer-planned implant placement in the augmented maxilla using mucosa-supported surgical templates. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 17(6):1154–1163PubMedCrossRef Verhamme LM, Meijer GJ, Bergé SJ, Soehardi RA, Xi T, de Haan AFJ, Schutyser F, Maal TJJ (2015) An accuracy study of computer-planned implant placement in the augmented maxilla using mucosa-supported surgical templates. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 17(6):1154–1163PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Stokbro K, Aagaard E, Torkov P, Bell RB, Thygesen T (2014) Virtual planning in orthognathic surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 43(8):957–965PubMedCrossRef Stokbro K, Aagaard E, Torkov P, Bell RB, Thygesen T (2014) Virtual planning in orthognathic surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 43(8):957–965PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Weiss R, Read-Fuller A (2019) Cone beam computed tomography in oral and maxillofacial surgery: an evidence-based review. Dent J 7(2):1–23CrossRef Weiss R, Read-Fuller A (2019) Cone beam computed tomography in oral and maxillofacial surgery: an evidence-based review. Dent J 7(2):1–23CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Liebregts J, Xi T, Timmermans M, de Koning M, Bergé S, Hoppenreijs T, Maal T (2015) Accuracy of three-dimensional soft tissue simulation in bimaxillary osteotomies. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 43(3):329–335PubMedCrossRef Liebregts J, Xi T, Timmermans M, de Koning M, Bergé S, Hoppenreijs T, Maal T (2015) Accuracy of three-dimensional soft tissue simulation in bimaxillary osteotomies. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 43(3):329–335PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Verhulst A, Hol M, Vreeken R, Becking A, Ulrich D, Maal T (2018) Three-dimensional imaging of the face: a comparison between three different imaging modalities. Aesthetic Surg J 38(6):579–585CrossRef Verhulst A, Hol M, Vreeken R, Becking A, Ulrich D, Maal T (2018) Three-dimensional imaging of the face: a comparison between three different imaging modalities. Aesthetic Surg J 38(6):579–585CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Hirschinger V, Hanke S, Hirschfelder U, Hofmann E (2015) Artifacts in orthodontic bracket systems in cone-beam computed tomography and multislice computed tomography. J Orofac Orthop 76(2):152–163PubMedCrossRef Hirschinger V, Hanke S, Hirschfelder U, Hofmann E (2015) Artifacts in orthodontic bracket systems in cone-beam computed tomography and multislice computed tomography. J Orofac Orthop 76(2):152–163PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Schulze RKW, Berndt D, d’Hoedt B (2010) On cone-beam computed tomography artifacts induced by titanium implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 21(1):100–107PubMedCrossRef Schulze RKW, Berndt D, d’Hoedt B (2010) On cone-beam computed tomography artifacts induced by titanium implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 21(1):100–107PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Schulze R, Heil U, Groβ D, Bruellmann DD, Dranischnikow E, Schwanecke U, Schoemer E (2011) Artefacts in CBCT: a review. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol. 40(5):265–273CrossRef Schulze R, Heil U, Groβ D, Bruellmann DD, Dranischnikow E, Schwanecke U, Schoemer E (2011) Artefacts in CBCT: a review. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol. 40(5):265–273CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Savoldelli C, Vandersteen C, Dassonville O, Santini J (2018) Dental occlusal-surface-supported titanium guide to assist cutting and drilling in mandibular bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 119(1):75–78PubMedCrossRef Savoldelli C, Vandersteen C, Dassonville O, Santini J (2018) Dental occlusal-surface-supported titanium guide to assist cutting and drilling in mandibular bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 119(1):75–78PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Polley JW, Figueroa AA (2013) Orthognathic positioning system: intraoperative system to transfer virtual surgical plan to operating field during orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71(5):911–920PubMedCrossRef Polley JW, Figueroa AA (2013) Orthognathic positioning system: intraoperative system to transfer virtual surgical plan to operating field during orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71(5):911–920PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Flügge TV, Nelson K, Schmelzeisen R, Metzger MC (2013) Three-dimensional plotting and printing of an implant drilling guide: simplifying guided implant surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71(8):1340–1346PubMedCrossRef Flügge TV, Nelson K, Schmelzeisen R, Metzger MC (2013) Three-dimensional plotting and printing of an implant drilling guide: simplifying guided implant surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71(8):1340–1346PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Swennen GRJ, Mollemans W, de Clercq C, Abeloos J, Lamoral P, Lippens F, Neyt N, Casselman J, Schutyser F (2009) A cone-beam computed tomography triple scan procedure to obtain a three-dimensional augmented virtual skull model appropriate for orthognathic surgery planning. J. Craniofac. Surg. 20(2):297–307PubMedCrossRef Swennen GRJ, Mollemans W, de Clercq C, Abeloos J, Lamoral P, Lippens F, Neyt N, Casselman J, Schutyser F (2009) A cone-beam computed tomography triple scan procedure to obtain a three-dimensional augmented virtual skull model appropriate for orthognathic surgery planning. J. Craniofac. Surg. 20(2):297–307PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Gateno J, Xia J, Teichgraeber JF, Rosen A (2003) A new technique for the creation of a computerized composite skull model. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 61(2):222–227PubMedCrossRef Gateno J, Xia J, Teichgraeber JF, Rosen A (2003) A new technique for the creation of a computerized composite skull model. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 61(2):222–227PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Uechi J, Okayama M, Shibata T, Muguruma T, Hayashi K, Endo K, Mizoguchi I (2006) A novel method for the 3-dimensional simulation of orthognathic surgery by using a multimodal image-fusion technique. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 130(6):786–798CrossRef Uechi J, Okayama M, Shibata T, Muguruma T, Hayashi K, Endo K, Mizoguchi I (2006) A novel method for the 3-dimensional simulation of orthognathic surgery by using a multimodal image-fusion technique. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 130(6):786–798CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Sun Y, Luebbers HT, Agbaje JO, Schepers S, Vrielinck L, Lambrichts I, Politis C (2013) Accuracy of upper jaw positioning with intermediate splint fabrication after virtual planning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. J Craniofac Surg 24(6):1871–1876 Sun Y, Luebbers HT, Agbaje JO, Schepers S, Vrielinck L, Lambrichts I, Politis C (2013) Accuracy of upper jaw positioning with intermediate splint fabrication after virtual planning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. J Craniofac Surg 24(6):1871–1876
17.
go back to reference Almutairi T, Naudi K, Nairn N, Ju X, Whitters J, Ayoub A (2018) Replacement of the distorted dentition of the cone-beam computed tomography scans for orthognathic surgery planning. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 76(7):1561.e1–1561.e8CrossRef Almutairi T, Naudi K, Nairn N, Ju X, Whitters J, Ayoub A (2018) Replacement of the distorted dentition of the cone-beam computed tomography scans for orthognathic surgery planning. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 76(7):1561.e1–1561.e8CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Nkenke E, Zachow S, Benz M, Maier T, Veit K, Kramer M, Benz S, Häusler G, Neukam FW, Lell M (2004) Fusion of computed tomography data and optical 3D images of the dentition for streak artefact correction in the simulation of orthognathic surgery. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol 33(4):226–232CrossRef Nkenke E, Zachow S, Benz M, Maier T, Veit K, Kramer M, Benz S, Häusler G, Neukam FW, Lell M (2004) Fusion of computed tomography data and optical 3D images of the dentition for streak artefact correction in the simulation of orthognathic surgery. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol 33(4):226–232CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Lin HH, Chiang WC, Lo LJ, Sheng-Pin Hsu S, Wang CH, Wan SY (Nov. 2013) Artifact-resistant superimposition of digital dental models and cone-beam computed tomography images. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71(11):1933–1947PubMedCrossRef Lin HH, Chiang WC, Lo LJ, Sheng-Pin Hsu S, Wang CH, Wan SY (Nov. 2013) Artifact-resistant superimposition of digital dental models and cone-beam computed tomography images. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 71(11):1933–1947PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Chiarelli T, Franchini F, Lamma A, Lamma E, Sansoni T (2011) From implant planning to surgical execution: an integrated approach for surgery in oral implantology. Int. J. Med. Robot. Comput. Assist. Surg. 8(October):57–66 Chiarelli T, Franchini F, Lamma A, Lamma E, Sansoni T (2011) From implant planning to surgical execution: an integrated approach for surgery in oral implantology. Int. J. Med. Robot. Comput. Assist. Surg. 8(October):57–66
21.
go back to reference F. Baan, O. de Waard, R. Bruggink, T. Xi, E. M. Ongkosuwito, and T. J. J. Maal, “Virtual setup in orthodontics: planning and evaluation,” Clin. Oral Investig., 2019 F. Baan, O. de Waard, R. Bruggink, T. Xi, E. M. Ongkosuwito, and T. J. J. Maal, “Virtual setup in orthodontics: planning and evaluation,” Clin. Oral Investig., 2019
22.
go back to reference de Oliveira NS, Gribel BF, Neves LS, Lages EMB, Macari S, Pretti H (2019) Comparison of the accuracy of virtual and direct bonding of orthodontic accessories. Dental Press J Orthod 24(4):46–53PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef de Oliveira NS, Gribel BF, Neves LS, Lages EMB, Macari S, Pretti H (2019) Comparison of the accuracy of virtual and direct bonding of orthodontic accessories. Dental Press J Orthod 24(4):46–53PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Fleming PS, Marinho V, Johal A (2011) Orthodontic measurements on digital study models compared with plaster models: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofacial Res 14(1):1–16CrossRef Fleming PS, Marinho V, Johal A (2011) Orthodontic measurements on digital study models compared with plaster models: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofacial Res 14(1):1–16CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Nadjmi N, Mollemans W, Daelemans A, Van Hemelen G, Schutyser F, Bergé S (2010) Virtual occlusion in planning orthognathic surgical procedures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 39(5):457–462PubMedCrossRef Nadjmi N, Mollemans W, Daelemans A, Van Hemelen G, Schutyser F, Bergé S (2010) Virtual occlusion in planning orthognathic surgical procedures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 39(5):457–462PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Wiranto MG, Engelbrecht WP, Tutein Nolthenius HE, Van Der Meer WJ, Ren Y (2013) Validity, reliability, and reproducibility of linear measurements on digital models obtained from intraoral and cone-beam computed tomography scans of alginate impressions. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 143(1):140–147CrossRef Wiranto MG, Engelbrecht WP, Tutein Nolthenius HE, Van Der Meer WJ, Ren Y (2013) Validity, reliability, and reproducibility of linear measurements on digital models obtained from intraoral and cone-beam computed tomography scans of alginate impressions. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 143(1):140–147CrossRef
26.
go back to reference De Luca Canto G, Pachêco-Pereira C, Lagravere MO, Flores-Mir C, Major PW (2015) Intra-arch dimensional measurement validity of laser-scanned digital dental models compared with the original plaster models: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res 18(2):65–76PubMedCrossRef De Luca Canto G, Pachêco-Pereira C, Lagravere MO, Flores-Mir C, Major PW (2015) Intra-arch dimensional measurement validity of laser-scanned digital dental models compared with the original plaster models: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res 18(2):65–76PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Plooij JM, Maal TJJ, Haers P, Borstlap WA, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Bergé SJ (2011) Digital three-dimensional image fusion processes for planning and evaluating orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. A systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 40(4):341–352PubMedCrossRef Plooij JM, Maal TJJ, Haers P, Borstlap WA, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Bergé SJ (2011) Digital three-dimensional image fusion processes for planning and evaluating orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. A systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 40(4):341–352PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Zhang F, Suh KJ, Lee KM (2016) Validity of intraoral scans compared with plaster models: An in-vivo comparison of dental measurements and 3D surface analysis. PLoS One 11(6):157713 Zhang F, Suh KJ, Lee KM (2016) Validity of intraoral scans compared with plaster models: An in-vivo comparison of dental measurements and 3D surface analysis. PLoS One 11(6):157713
29.
go back to reference Yuzbasioglu E, Kurt H, Turunc R, Bilir H (2014) Comparison of digital and conventional impression techniques: evaluation of patients’ perception, treatment comfort, effectiveness and clinical outcomes. BMC Oral Health 14(1):10PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Yuzbasioglu E, Kurt H, Turunc R, Bilir H (2014) Comparison of digital and conventional impression techniques: evaluation of patients’ perception, treatment comfort, effectiveness and clinical outcomes. BMC Oral Health 14(1):10PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Londono J, Abreu A, Baker PS, Furness AR (2015) Fabrication of a definitive obturator from a 3D cast with a chairside digital scanner for a patient with severe gag reflex: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 114(5):735–738PubMedCrossRef Londono J, Abreu A, Baker PS, Furness AR (2015) Fabrication of a definitive obturator from a 3D cast with a chairside digital scanner for a patient with severe gag reflex: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 114(5):735–738PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Wismeijer D, Mans R, van Genuchten M, Reijers HA (2014) Patients’ preferences when comparing analogue implant impressions using a polyether impression material versus digital impressions (intraoral scan) of dental implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 25(10):1113–1118PubMedCrossRef Wismeijer D, Mans R, van Genuchten M, Reijers HA (2014) Patients’ preferences when comparing analogue implant impressions using a polyether impression material versus digital impressions (intraoral scan) of dental implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 25(10):1113–1118PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Besl PJ, McKay HD (1992) A method for registration of 3-D shapes. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 14(2):239–256CrossRef Besl PJ, McKay HD (1992) A method for registration of 3-D shapes. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 14(2):239–256CrossRef
33.
go back to reference S. M. LaValle, Planning algorithms. Cambridge University Press, 2006 S. M. LaValle, Planning algorithms. Cambridge University Press, 2006
34.
go back to reference Mangano C, Luongo F, Migliario M, Mortellaro C, Mangano FG (2018) Combining intraoral scans, cone beam computed tomography and face scans: the virtual patient. J. Craniofac. Surg. 29(8):2241–2246PubMedCrossRef Mangano C, Luongo F, Migliario M, Mortellaro C, Mangano FG (2018) Combining intraoral scans, cone beam computed tomography and face scans: the virtual patient. J. Craniofac. Surg. 29(8):2241–2246PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Swennen GRJ, Mommaerts MY, Abeloos J, de Clercq C, Lamoral P, Neyt N, Casselman J, Schutyser F (Jan. 2009) A cone-beam CT based technique to augment the 3D virtual skull model with a detailed dental surface. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 38(1):48–57PubMedCrossRef Swennen GRJ, Mommaerts MY, Abeloos J, de Clercq C, Lamoral P, Neyt N, Casselman J, Schutyser F (Jan. 2009) A cone-beam CT based technique to augment the 3D virtual skull model with a detailed dental surface. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 38(1):48–57PubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference De Waard O, Baan F, Verhamme L, Breuning H, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Maal T (Feb. 2016) A novel method for fusion of intra-oral scans and cone-beam computed tomography scans for orthognathic surgery planning. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg 44(2):160–166CrossRef De Waard O, Baan F, Verhamme L, Breuning H, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Maal T (Feb. 2016) A novel method for fusion of intra-oral scans and cone-beam computed tomography scans for orthognathic surgery planning. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg 44(2):160–166CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Gateno J, Xia JJ, Teichgraeber JF, Christensen AM, Lemoine JJ, Liebschner MAK, Gliddon MJ, Briggs ME (Apr. 2007) Clinical feasibility of computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) in the treatment of complex cranio-maxillofacial deformities. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65(4):728–734PubMedCrossRef Gateno J, Xia JJ, Teichgraeber JF, Christensen AM, Lemoine JJ, Liebschner MAK, Gliddon MJ, Briggs ME (Apr. 2007) Clinical feasibility of computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) in the treatment of complex cranio-maxillofacial deformities. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65(4):728–734PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Vinayahalingam S, Xi T, Bergé S, Maal T, de Jong G (2019) Automated detection of third molars and mandibular nerve by deep learning. Sci Rep 9(1):1–7CrossRef Vinayahalingam S, Xi T, Bergé S, Maal T, de Jong G (2019) Automated detection of third molars and mandibular nerve by deep learning. Sci Rep 9(1):1–7CrossRef
39.
go back to reference Dubost F, Bruijne M, Nardin M, Dalca AV, Donahue KL, Giese AK, Etherton MR, Wu O, Groot M, Niessen W, Vernooij M, Rost NS, Schirmer MD (2020) Multi-atlas image registration of clinical data with automated quality assessment using ventricle segmentation. Med Image Anal 63:101698PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral Dubost F, Bruijne M, Nardin M, Dalca AV, Donahue KL, Giese AK, Etherton MR, Wu O, Groot M, Niessen W, Vernooij M, Rost NS, Schirmer MD (2020) Multi-atlas image registration of clinical data with automated quality assessment using ventricle segmentation. Med Image Anal 63:101698PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Fusion of intra-oral scans in cone-beam computed tomography scans
Authors
F. Baan
R. Bruggink
J. Nijsink
T. J. J. Maal
E. M. Ongkosuwito
Publication date
01-01-2021
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03336-y

Other articles of this Issue 1/2021

Clinical Oral Investigations 1/2021 Go to the issue