Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Current Oncology Reports 8/2021

01-08-2021 | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia | Leukemia (A Aguayo, Section Editor)

Review of New-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Authors: Mahran Shoukier, Michal Kubiak, Jorge Cortes

Published in: Current Oncology Reports | Issue 8/2021

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose of Review

In this review, we analyzed the available data from clinical trials with new tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) under development and how to consider chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients who had either resistance or intolerance to current TKIs for treatment with such agents.

Recent Findings

Nearly 50% of CML patients treated with TKIs frontline have required a change of therapy by 10 years. Second-line therapy is effective (by achievement of complete cytogenetic response) in only approximately 50% of patients, and available third-generation TKI has been marred by concerns of arterio-occlusive events. These facts highlight the need for additional treatment options.

Summary

New TKIs have shown promising efficacy and tolerance in CML patients with resistance or intolerance to multiple available TKIs. Additional studies will determine their role in the management of CML.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Deininger MW, O'Brien SG, Ford JM, Druker BJ. Practical management of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia receiving imatinib. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(8):1637–47.CrossRef Deininger MW, O'Brien SG, Ford JM, Druker BJ. Practical management of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia receiving imatinib. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(8):1637–47.CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020;70(1):7–30.CrossRef Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020;70(1):7–30.CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Greenlee RT, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA. Cancer statistics, 2000. CA Cancer J Clin. 2000;50(1):7–33.CrossRef Greenlee RT, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA. Cancer statistics, 2000. CA Cancer J Clin. 2000;50(1):7–33.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Sasaki K, Strom SS, O'Brien S, Jabbour E, Ravandi F, Konopleva M, et al. Relative survival in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia in the tyrosine-kinase inhibitor era: analysis of patient data from six prospective clinical trials. Lancet Haematol. 2015;2(5):e186–93.CrossRef Sasaki K, Strom SS, O'Brien S, Jabbour E, Ravandi F, Konopleva M, et al. Relative survival in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia in the tyrosine-kinase inhibitor era: analysis of patient data from six prospective clinical trials. Lancet Haematol. 2015;2(5):e186–93.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Faderl S, Talpaz M, Estrov Z, O'Brien S, Kurzrock R, Kantarjian HM. The biology of chronic myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(3):164–72.CrossRef Faderl S, Talpaz M, Estrov Z, O'Brien S, Kurzrock R, Kantarjian HM. The biology of chronic myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(3):164–72.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Molica M, Massaro F, Breccia M. Second line small molecule therapy options for treating chronic myeloid leukemia. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2017;18(1):57–65.CrossRef Molica M, Massaro F, Breccia M. Second line small molecule therapy options for treating chronic myeloid leukemia. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2017;18(1):57–65.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Cortes JE, Jones D, O'Brien S, Jabbour E, Konopleva M, Ferrajoli A, et al. Nilotinib as front-line treatment for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in early chronic phase. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(3):392–7.CrossRef Cortes JE, Jones D, O'Brien S, Jabbour E, Konopleva M, Ferrajoli A, et al. Nilotinib as front-line treatment for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in early chronic phase. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(3):392–7.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Cortes JE, Kim DW, Kantarjian HM, Brummendorf TH, Dyagil I, Griskevicius L, et al. Bosutinib versus imatinib in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: results from the BELA trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(28):3486–92.CrossRef Cortes JE, Kim DW, Kantarjian HM, Brummendorf TH, Dyagil I, Griskevicius L, et al. Bosutinib versus imatinib in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: results from the BELA trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(28):3486–92.CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Cortes JE, Kim DW, Pinilla-Ibarz J, le Coutre P, Paquette R, Chuah C, et al. A phase 2 trial of ponatinib in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(19):1783–96.CrossRef Cortes JE, Kim DW, Pinilla-Ibarz J, le Coutre P, Paquette R, Chuah C, et al. A phase 2 trial of ponatinib in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(19):1783–96.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Kantarjian H, Shah NP, Hochhaus A, Cortes J, Shah S, Ayala M, et al. Dasatinib versus imatinib in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(24):2260–70.CrossRef Kantarjian H, Shah NP, Hochhaus A, Cortes J, Shah S, Ayala M, et al. Dasatinib versus imatinib in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(24):2260–70.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Kantarjian HM, Cortes JE, O'Brien S, Giles F, Garcia-Manero G, Faderl S, et al. Imatinib mesylate therapy in newly diagnosed patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia: high incidence of early complete and major cytogenetic responses. Blood. 2003;101(1):97–100.CrossRef Kantarjian HM, Cortes JE, O'Brien S, Giles F, Garcia-Manero G, Faderl S, et al. Imatinib mesylate therapy in newly diagnosed patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia: high incidence of early complete and major cytogenetic responses. Blood. 2003;101(1):97–100.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Druker BJ, Tamura S, Buchdunger E, Ohno S, Segal GM, Fanning S, et al. Effects of a selective inhibitor of the Abl tyrosine kinase on the growth of Bcr-Abl positive cells. Nat Med. 1996;2(5):561–6.CrossRef Druker BJ, Tamura S, Buchdunger E, Ohno S, Segal GM, Fanning S, et al. Effects of a selective inhibitor of the Abl tyrosine kinase on the growth of Bcr-Abl positive cells. Nat Med. 1996;2(5):561–6.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Cortes J, Rea D, Lipton JH. Treatment-free remission with first- and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Am J Hematol. 2019;94(3):346–57.PubMed Cortes J, Rea D, Lipton JH. Treatment-free remission with first- and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Am J Hematol. 2019;94(3):346–57.PubMed
15.
go back to reference Cortes JE, Saglio G, Kantarjian HM, Baccarani M, Mayer J, Boque C, et al. Final 5-Year Study Results of DASISION: The dasatinib versus imatinib study in treatment-naive chronic myeloid leukemia patients trial. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(20):2333–40.CrossRef Cortes JE, Saglio G, Kantarjian HM, Baccarani M, Mayer J, Boque C, et al. Final 5-Year Study Results of DASISION: The dasatinib versus imatinib study in treatment-naive chronic myeloid leukemia patients trial. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(20):2333–40.CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Saglio G, Kim DW, Issaragrisil S, le Coutre P, Etienne G, Lobo C, et al. Nilotinib versus imatinib for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(24):2251–9.CrossRef Saglio G, Kim DW, Issaragrisil S, le Coutre P, Etienne G, Lobo C, et al. Nilotinib versus imatinib for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(24):2251–9.CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Cortes JE, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Deininger MW, Mauro MJ, Chuah C, Kim DW, et al. Bosutinib versus imatinib for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia: results from the randomized BFORE Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(3):231–7.CrossRef Cortes JE, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Deininger MW, Mauro MJ, Chuah C, Kim DW, et al. Bosutinib versus imatinib for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia: results from the randomized BFORE Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(3):231–7.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Schoepfer J, Jahnke W, Berellini G, Buonamici S, Cotesta S, Cowan-Jacob SW, et al. Discovery of asciminib (ABL001), an allosteric inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of BCR-ABL1. J Med Chem. 2018;61(18):8120–35.CrossRef Schoepfer J, Jahnke W, Berellini G, Buonamici S, Cotesta S, Cowan-Jacob SW, et al. Discovery of asciminib (ABL001), an allosteric inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of BCR-ABL1. J Med Chem. 2018;61(18):8120–35.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference •• Hughes TP, Mauro MJ, Cortes JE, Minami H, Rea D, DeAngelo DJ, et al. Asciminib in chronic myeloid leukemia after ABL kinase inhibitor failure. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(24):2315–26 Asciminib is an allosteric inhibitor that binds a myristoyl site of the BCR-ABL1 protein. This phase 1 enrolled chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia patients who had resistance to or unacceptable side effects from at least two previous ATP-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors to asciminib. Asciminib was active in heavily pretreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who had resistance to or unacceptable side effects from TKIs, including patients with a T315I mutation. •• Hughes TP, Mauro MJ, Cortes JE, Minami H, Rea D, DeAngelo DJ, et al. Asciminib in chronic myeloid leukemia after ABL kinase inhibitor failure. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(24):2315–26 Asciminib is an allosteric inhibitor that binds a myristoyl site of the BCR-ABL1 protein. This phase 1 enrolled chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia patients who had resistance to or unacceptable side effects from at least two previous ATP-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors to asciminib. Asciminib was active in heavily pretreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who had resistance to or unacceptable side effects from TKIs, including patients with a T315I mutation.
20.
go back to reference Hochhaus A BC, Rea D, Minami Y, Lomaia E, et al. Asciminib, a first-in-class STAMP inhibitor, vs bosutinib (BOS) in patients (Pts) with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) previously treated with ≥2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Results from Phase 3 Study ASH annual meeting 2020; Late-Breaking Abstract Session. Hochhaus A BC, Rea D, Minami Y, Lomaia E, et al. Asciminib, a first-in-class STAMP inhibitor, vs bosutinib (BOS) in patients (Pts) with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) previously treated with ≥2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Results from Phase 3 Study ASH annual meeting 2020; Late-Breaking Abstract Session.
21.
go back to reference Mauro M. J KD, Cortes J, Rea D, Hughes T.P, Minami H et al Combination of asciminib plus nilotinib (NIL) or dasatinib (DAS) in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML): results from phase 1 study EHA Annual Meeting 2019; Abstract ID#: S884. Mauro M. J KD, Cortes J, Rea D, Hughes T.P, Minami H et al Combination of asciminib plus nilotinib (NIL) or dasatinib (DAS) in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML): results from phase 1 study EHA Annual Meeting 2019; Abstract ID#: S884.
22.
go back to reference Mian AA, Rafiei A, Haberbosch I, Zeifman A, Titov I, Stroylov V, et al. PF-114, a potent and selective inhibitor of native and mutated BCR/ABL is active against Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) leukemias harboring the T315I mutation. Leukemia. 2015;29(5):1104–14.CrossRef Mian AA, Rafiei A, Haberbosch I, Zeifman A, Titov I, Stroylov V, et al. PF-114, a potent and selective inhibitor of native and mutated BCR/ABL is active against Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) leukemias harboring the T315I mutation. Leukemia. 2015;29(5):1104–14.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference •• Turkina AG VO, Lomaia E, Shatokhina E,Shukhov O, Chelysheva EU PF-114: A 4th Generation Tyrosine Kinase-Inhibitor for Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Including BCRABL1T315I ASH Annual Meeting 2019; Abstract ID#: 1638. This abstract reported that PF-114 a 4th generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor for chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia was safe and effective in patients failing ≥2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors including patients with a T315I mutation. The most effective dose was 300 mg/d. •• Turkina AG VO, Lomaia E, Shatokhina E,Shukhov O, Chelysheva EU PF-114: A 4th Generation Tyrosine Kinase-Inhibitor for Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Including BCRABL1T315I ASH Annual Meeting 2019; Abstract ID#: 1638. This abstract reported that PF-114 a 4th generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor for chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia was safe and effective in patients failing ≥2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors including patients with a T315I mutation. The most effective dose was 300 mg/d.
24.
go back to reference Antelope O, Vellore NA, Pomicter AD, Patel AB, Van Scoyk A, Clair PM, et al. BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor K0706 exhibits preclinical activity in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia. Exp Hematol. 2019;77:36–40 e2.CrossRef Antelope O, Vellore NA, Pomicter AD, Patel AB, Van Scoyk A, Clair PM, et al. BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor K0706 exhibits preclinical activity in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia. Exp Hematol. 2019;77:36–40 e2.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference •• Cortes J KD-W, Nicolini EF, Saikia T, Charbonnier A, Apperley J et al. Phase 1 trial of K0706, a novel oral BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI): in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) failing ≥ 3 prior TKI therapies: Initial Safety and Efficacy ASH Annual Meeting 2019; Abstract ID#: 4158. This abstract demonstarted that vodobatinib (K0706) has an acceptable safety profile with activity in heavily pre-treated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who had failed at least ≥3 prior lines of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. •• Cortes J KD-W, Nicolini EF, Saikia T, Charbonnier A, Apperley J et al. Phase 1 trial of K0706, a novel oral BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI): in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) failing ≥ 3 prior TKI therapies: Initial Safety and Efficacy ASH Annual Meeting 2019; Abstract ID#: 4158. This abstract demonstarted that vodobatinib (K0706) has an acceptable safety profile with activity in heavily pre-treated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who had failed at least ≥3 prior lines of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
26.
go back to reference Liu X, Wang G, Yan X, Qiu H, Min P, Wu M, et al. Preclinical development of HQP1351, a multikinase inhibitor targeting a broad spectrum of mutant KIT kinases, for the treatment of imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cell Biosci. 2019;9:88.CrossRef Liu X, Wang G, Yan X, Qiu H, Min P, Wu M, et al. Preclinical development of HQP1351, a multikinase inhibitor targeting a broad spectrum of mutant KIT kinases, for the treatment of imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cell Biosci. 2019;9:88.CrossRef
27.
go back to reference •• An Updated Safety and Efficacy Results of Phase 1 Study of HQP1351, a Novel 3rd Generation of BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI), in Patients with TKI Resistant Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ASH Annual Meeting 2019; Abstract ID#: 493 [Internet]. This abstract showed that Olverembatinib (HQP1351) was well tolerated and exhibited significant and durable antitumor activity in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who had tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant, including those with aT315I mutation. •• An Updated Safety and Efficacy Results of Phase 1 Study of HQP1351, a Novel 3rd Generation of BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI), in Patients with TKI Resistant Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ASH Annual Meeting 2019; Abstract ID#: 493 [Internet]. This abstract showed that Olverembatinib (HQP1351) was well tolerated and exhibited significant and durable antitumor activity in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who had tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant, including those with aT315I mutation.
28.
go back to reference Steegmann JL, Baccarani M, Breccia M, Casado LF, Garcia-Gutierrez V, Hochhaus A, et al. European LeukemiaNet recommendations for the management and avoidance of adverse events of treatment in chronic myeloid leukaemia. Leukemia. 2016;30(8):1648–71.CrossRef Steegmann JL, Baccarani M, Breccia M, Casado LF, Garcia-Gutierrez V, Hochhaus A, et al. European LeukemiaNet recommendations for the management and avoidance of adverse events of treatment in chronic myeloid leukaemia. Leukemia. 2016;30(8):1648–71.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Cortes JE, Khoury HJ, Kantarjian HM, Lipton JH, Kim DW, Schafhausen P, et al. Long-term bosutinib for chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia after failure of imatinib plus dasatinib and/or nilotinib. Am J Hematol. 2016;91(12):1206–14.CrossRef Cortes JE, Khoury HJ, Kantarjian HM, Lipton JH, Kim DW, Schafhausen P, et al. Long-term bosutinib for chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia after failure of imatinib plus dasatinib and/or nilotinib. Am J Hematol. 2016;91(12):1206–14.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Shah NP, Rousselot P, Schiffer C, Rea D, Cortes JE, Milone J, et al. Dasatinib in imatinib-resistant or -intolerant chronic-phase, chronic myeloid leukemia patients: 7-year follow-up of study CA180-034. Am J Hematol. 2016;91(9):869–74.CrossRef Shah NP, Rousselot P, Schiffer C, Rea D, Cortes JE, Milone J, et al. Dasatinib in imatinib-resistant or -intolerant chronic-phase, chronic myeloid leukemia patients: 7-year follow-up of study CA180-034. Am J Hematol. 2016;91(9):869–74.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Giles FJ, le Coutre PD, Pinilla-Ibarz J, Larson RA, Gattermann N, Ottmann OG, et al. Nilotinib in imatinib-resistant or imatinib-intolerant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: 48-month follow-up results of a phase II study. Leukemia. 2013;27(1):107–12.CrossRef Giles FJ, le Coutre PD, Pinilla-Ibarz J, Larson RA, Gattermann N, Ottmann OG, et al. Nilotinib in imatinib-resistant or imatinib-intolerant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: 48-month follow-up results of a phase II study. Leukemia. 2013;27(1):107–12.CrossRef
32.
go back to reference • Loscocco F, Visani G, Galimberti S, Curti A, Isidori A. BCR-ABL independent mechanisms of resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia. Front Oncol. 2019;9:939. This article reported that resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors might occur through kinase-independent mechanisms, mainly due to leukemia stem cells. • Loscocco F, Visani G, Galimberti S, Curti A, Isidori A. BCR-ABL independent mechanisms of resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia. Front Oncol. 2019;9:939. This article reported that resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors might occur through kinase-independent mechanisms, mainly due to leukemia stem cells.
33.
go back to reference • Shah M, Bhatia R. Preservation of quiescent chronic myelogenous leukemia stem cells by the bone marrow microenvironment. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1100:97–110. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are unable to eradicate leukemia stem cells, leading to re-emergence of the disease while on therapy. • Shah M, Bhatia R. Preservation of quiescent chronic myelogenous leukemia stem cells by the bone marrow microenvironment. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1100:97–110. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are unable to eradicate leukemia stem cells, leading to re-emergence of the disease while on therapy.
34.
go back to reference Branford S, Wang P, Yeung DT, Thomson D, Purins A, Wadham C, et al. Integrative genomic analysis reveals cancer-associated mutations at diagnosis of CML in patients with high-risk disease. Blood. 2018;132(9):948–61.CrossRef Branford S, Wang P, Yeung DT, Thomson D, Purins A, Wadham C, et al. Integrative genomic analysis reveals cancer-associated mutations at diagnosis of CML in patients with high-risk disease. Blood. 2018;132(9):948–61.CrossRef
38.
go back to reference Bose P, Park H, Al-Khafaji J, Grant S. Strategies to circumvent the T315I gatekeeper mutation in the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase. Leuk Res Rep. 2013;2(1):18–20.PubMedPubMedCentral Bose P, Park H, Al-Khafaji J, Grant S. Strategies to circumvent the T315I gatekeeper mutation in the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase. Leuk Res Rep. 2013;2(1):18–20.PubMedPubMedCentral
39.
go back to reference Cortes JE, Kim DW, Pinilla-Ibarz J, le Coutre PD, Paquette R, Chuah C, et al. Ponatinib efficacy and safety in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia: final 5-year results of the phase 2 PACE trial. Blood. 2018;132(4):393–404.CrossRef Cortes JE, Kim DW, Pinilla-Ibarz J, le Coutre PD, Paquette R, Chuah C, et al. Ponatinib efficacy and safety in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia: final 5-year results of the phase 2 PACE trial. Blood. 2018;132(4):393–404.CrossRef
40.
go back to reference Naqvi K, Cortes JE, Luthra R, O'Brien S, Wierda W, Borthakur G, et al. Characteristics and outcome of chronic myeloid leukemia patients with E255K/V BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations. Int J Hematol. 2018;107(6):689–95.CrossRef Naqvi K, Cortes JE, Luthra R, O'Brien S, Wierda W, Borthakur G, et al. Characteristics and outcome of chronic myeloid leukemia patients with E255K/V BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations. Int J Hematol. 2018;107(6):689–95.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Review of New-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors
Mahran Shoukier
Michal Kubiak
Jorge Cortes
Publication date
01-08-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Oncology Reports / Issue 8/2021
Print ISSN: 1523-3790
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6269
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-021-01087-x

Other articles of this Issue 8/2021

Current Oncology Reports 8/2021 Go to the issue

Palliative Medicine (A Jatoi, Section Editor)

Navigating the Cancer Screening Decision for Patients with Dementia

Gynecologic Cancers (J Brown and RW Naumann, Section Editors)

The Microbiome and Gynecologic Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Opportunities

Palliative Medicine (A Jatoi, Section Editor)

Management of Intractable Symptoms in Oncologic Care

Gynecologic Cancers (J Brown and RW Naumann, Section Editors)

Frontline Maintenance Treatment for Ovarian Cancer

Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine