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Current Oncology Reports
Published in: Current Oncology Reports 8/2021

01-08-2021 | Human Papillomavirus | Gynecologic Cancers (J Brown and RW Naumann, Section Editors)

The Microbiome and Gynecologic Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Opportunities

Authors: Laura M. Chambers, Parker Bussies, Roberto Vargas, Emily Esakov, Surabhi Tewari, Ofer Reizes, Chad Michener

Published in: Current Oncology Reports | Issue 8/2021

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

We review the emerging evidence regarding the relationship between the microbiota of the gastrointestinal and female reproductive tracts and gynecologic cancer.

Recent Findings

The microbiome has essential roles in maintaining health. In recent years, the microbiota of the gastrointestinal and female reproductive tracts have been linked to many diseases, including gynecologic cancer. Alterations to the bacterial populations in a microbiota, or dysbiosis, have been shown to favor a pro-carcinogenic state through altered immune responses, dysregulated hormone metabolism, and modulation of the cell cycle. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have emerged, demonstrating that specific bacteria or microbial communities may be associated with increased risk for uterine, ovarian, and cervical cancers. Notably, numerous studies have linked a non-Lactobacillus-dominant vaginal microbiota, composed of anaerobic bacteria, with HPV infection, persistence, and development of invasive cervical cancer. Similarly, next-generation high-throughput sequencing techniques have enabled the characterization of unique microbiotas in patients with malignant and benign gynecologic conditions, shedding light on new associations between bacterial species and gynecologic cancers. Harnessing the power of the microbiome for early diagnosis, therapeutic intervention and modulation creates tremendous potential to optimize gynecologic cancer outcomes in the future.
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Metadata
Title
The Microbiome and Gynecologic Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Opportunities
Authors
Laura M. Chambers
Parker Bussies
Roberto Vargas
Emily Esakov
Surabhi Tewari
Ofer Reizes
Chad Michener
Publication date
01-08-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Oncology Reports / Issue 8/2021
Print ISSN: 1523-3790
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6269
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-021-01079-x

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