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BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

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Open Access 01-12-2024 | Chronic Heart Failure | Research

Prevalence and modifiable risk factors of cognitive frailty in patients with chronic heart failure in China: a cross-sectional study

Authors: Jiayi Xu, Luwei Xiang, Huichao Zhang, Xing Sun, Dongmei Xu, Die Wu, Chen Chen, Yixiong Zhang, Zejuan Gu

Published in: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Background

Cognitive frailty (CF) is currently a significant issue, and most of the associated factors discovered in current studies are not modifiable. Therefore, it is crucial to identify modifiable risk factors that can be targeted for interventions in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and modifiable risk factors of CF in CHF patients in China.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we sequentially enrolled patients diagnosed with CHF. CF served as the dependent variable, assessed through the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale and the FRAIL Scale. The independent variable questionnaire encompassed various components, including general demographic information, the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the Simplified Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ), the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ). Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify independent factors contributing to CF.

Results

A total of 271 patients with CHF were included in the study. The overall prevalence of CF was found to be 49.4%, with 28.8% of patients exhibiting potentially reversible cognitive frailty and 20.7% showing reversible cognitive frailty. Among middle-young CHF patients, 10.7% had reversible cognitive frailty and 6.4% had potentially reversible cognitive frailty, with a prevalence of CF at 17.1%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that body mass index (OR = 0.826, 95%CI = 0.726–0.938), blood pressure level (OR = 2.323, 95%CI = 1.105–4.882), nutrition status (OR = 0.820, 95%CI = 0.671–0.979), and social support (OR = 0.745, 95%CI = 0.659–0.842) were independent factors associated with CF (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

We observed a relatively high prevalence of CF among Chinese patients diagnosed with CHF. Many factors including BMI, blood pressure level, nutrition status, and social support emerging as modifiable risk factors associated with CF. We propose conducting clinical trials to assess the impact of modifying these risk factors. The outcomes of this study offer valuable insights for healthcare professionals, guiding them in implementing effective measures to improve the CF status in CHF patients during clinical practice.

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Title: Prevalence and modifiable risk factors of cognitive frailty in patients with chronic heart failure in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jiayi Xu
Luwei Xiang
Huichao Zhang
Xing Sun
Dongmei Xu
Die Wu
Chen Chen
Yixiong Zhang
Zejuan Gu
Publication date: 01-12-2024
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Chronic Heart Failure
Nutrition
Heart Failure
Published in: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2261
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-03753-x

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Prevalence and modifiable risk factors of cognitive frailty in patients with chronic heart failure in China: a cross-sectional study

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