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Cardiovascular Diabetology
Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Cerebral Small Vessel Disease | Research

Alcohol consumption and microvascular dysfunction: a J-shaped association: The Maastricht Study

Authors: Frank C. T. van der Heide, Simone J. P. M. Eussen, Alfons J. H. M. Houben, Ronald M. A. Henry, Abraham A. Kroon, Carla J. H. van der Kallen, Pieter C. Dagnelie, Martien C. J. M. van Dongen, Tos T. J. M. Berendschot, Jan S. A. G. Schouten, Carroll A. B. Webers, Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek, Anke Wesselius, Casper G. Schalkwijk, Annemarie Koster, Jacobus F. A. Jansen, Walter H. Backes, Joline W. J. Beulens, Coen D. A. Stehouwer

Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is an important contributor to major clinical disease such as stroke, dementia, depression, retinopathy, and chronic kidney disease. Alcohol consumption may be a determinant of MVD.

Objective

Main objectives were (1) to study whether alcohol consumption was associated with MVD as assessed in the brain, retina, skin, kidney and in the blood; and (2) to investigate whether associations differed by history of cardiovascular disease or sex.

Design

We used cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study (N = 3,120 participants, 50.9% men, mean age 60 years, and 27.5% with type 2 diabetes [the latter oversampled by design]). We used regression analyses to study the association between total alcohol (per unit and in the categories, i.e. none, light, moderate, high) and MVD, where all measures of MVD were combined into a total MVD composite score (expressed in SD). We adjusted all associations for potential confounders; and tested for interaction by sex, and history of cardiovascular disease. Additionally we tested for interaction with glucose metabolism status.

Results

The association between total alcohol consumption and MVD was non-linear, i.e. J-shaped. Moderate versus light total alcohol consumption was significantly associated with less MVD, after full adjustment (beta [95% confidence interval], -0.10 [-0.19; -0.01]). The shape of the curve differed with sex (Pinteraction = 0.03), history of cardiovascular disease (Pinteraction < 0.001), and glucose metabolism status (Pinteraction = 0.02).

Conclusions

The present cross-sectional, population-based study found evidence that alcohol consumption may have an effect on MVD. Hence, although increasing alcohol consumption cannot be recommended as a policy, this study suggests that prevention of MVD may be possible through dietary interventions.
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Metadata
Title
Alcohol consumption and microvascular dysfunction: a J-shaped association: The Maastricht Study
Authors
Frank C. T. van der Heide
Simone J. P. M. Eussen
Alfons J. H. M. Houben
Ronald M. A. Henry
Abraham A. Kroon
Carla J. H. van der Kallen
Pieter C. Dagnelie
Martien C. J. M. van Dongen
Tos T. J. M. Berendschot
Jan S. A. G. Schouten
Carroll A. B. Webers
Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek
Anke Wesselius
Casper G. Schalkwijk
Annemarie Koster
Jacobus F. A. Jansen
Walter H. Backes
Joline W. J. Beulens
Coen D. A. Stehouwer
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cardiovascular Diabetology / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-01783-x

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Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

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A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine
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