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01-09-2020 | Candida Balanitis | Fungal Infections of Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue (A Bonifaz and M Pereira, Section Editors)

Candida Onychomycosis: an Old Problem in Modern Times

Authors: Tirado-Sánchez Andrés, Bonifaz Alexandro

Published in: Current Fungal Infection Reports | Issue 3/2020

Abstract

Purpose of the Review

This review summarizes the main findings in the Candida onychomycosis (CO) literature as well as provides data for clinical practice.

Recent Findings

Due to the increase in the frequency of immunosuppression-generating diseases, CO has been observed to be an entry route for systemic infections that worsen the prognosis of these patients.

Summary

Onychomycosis are common fungal nail infections, and the main cause is related to dermatophytes. The second cause of onychomycosis is related to Candida, frequently associated with both local and systemic immune disturbances. Candida onychomycosis (CO) is observed in the elderly or among patients with diseases related to immunosuppression such as diabetes mellitus or HIV or while using immunosuppressive therapy and extended-spectrum antibiotics. Among the local factors related to CO are nail trauma, poor hygiene, excessive cutaneous moisture, and occupational exposure to chemicals (detergent, soaps). The diagnosis of CO requires an adequate history, a detailed physical examination, and a positive direct microscopy and culture; also, histopathology is often needed. Initial measures to treat the disease include the control of the associated diseases as well as the risk factors, improvement of the immune system, and the eradication of the fungus. Despite its worldwide frequency, there is little information in the literature regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and antifungal susceptibility of CO.

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Title: Candida Onychomycosis: an Old Problem in Modern Times
Authors: Tirado-Sánchez Andrés
Bonifaz Alexandro
Publication date: 01-09-2020
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Candida Balanitis
Candida Albicans
Onychomycosis
Paronychia
Published in: Current Fungal Infection Reports / Issue 3/2020
Print ISSN: 1936-3761
Electronic ISSN: 1936-377X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-020-00394-3

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STEP AAG HeroTeaserCollection image/© Tarek / Generated with AI / Stock.adobe.com, ACC 2024 Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 Valvular Heart Disease: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, ACC 2024 HF and Cardiomyopathies: Year in Review/© 2024 American College of Cardiology, Woman out walking/© Seventyfour / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Woman checking smartwatch /© saltdium / stock.adobe.com (symbolic image with model), Cardiac catheterization/© Damian / stock.adobe.com

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose of the Review

Recent Findings

Summary

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Other articles of this Issue 3/2020

Candida Infections in Immunocompetent Hosts: Pathogenesis and Diagnosis

Review of the Current Management of Urinary Tract Infections due to Fluconazole-Resistant and Non-Albicans Candida Species

Conidiobolomycosis in Pediatric Patients

Implications of Evolving and Emerging Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Research for Triazoles and Echinocandins

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antifungal Agents in Neonates and Children

Antifungal Penetration and Distribution into Organs and Tissue

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