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Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Published in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 4/2019

Open Access 01-08-2019 | Breast Augmentation | Original Article

PCR Characterization of Microbiota on Contracted and Non-Contracted Breast Capsules

Authors: Yara Bachour, Linda Poort, Stephan P. Verweij, Gijs van Selms, Hay A. H. Winters, Marco J. P. F. Ritt, Frank B. Niessen, Andries E. Budding

Published in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery | Issue 4/2019

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Abstract

Background

The aetiology of capsular contracture around breast implants remains unclear. The leading theory is that a subclinical infection around the implant plays a role in the development of capsular contractions. Several studies found associations between the presence of bacteria and the occurrence of capsular contraction. However, it is unclear whether detected bacteria originate from the breast capsule, breast glandular tissue or skin contamination. Moreover, this has never been investigated with molecular techniques. The aim of this study was to assess the bacterial microbiota on breast capsules, glandular tissue and skin using a highly sensitive PCR assay.

Materials and Methods

Fifty breast capsules were collected during implant removal or replacement. Ten specimens of glandular breast tissue and breast skin were collected in females who were undergoing reduction mammoplasty. A sample specimen (4 mm) was sterilely obtained from all tissues. All specimens were analysed by IS-pro, a 16S–23S interspace region-based PCR assay.

Results

Low numbers of Staphylococcus spp. (four species in four capsules) were found on breast capsules. There was no difference in bacterial presence between normal and contracted capsules. The skin of the breast-harboured Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. while the glandular tissue was sterile.

Conclusion

The low numbers of bacteria found on the capsules are most likely caused by contamination during capsule removal. More and larger studies are needed to investigate the bacterial presence on breast capsules using a PCR assay. This is the first study in which breast capsules have been studied using a highly sensitive PCR assay.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.​springer.​com/​00266.
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Metadata
Title
PCR Characterization of Microbiota on Contracted and Non-Contracted Breast Capsules
Authors
Yara Bachour
Linda Poort
Stephan P. Verweij
Gijs van Selms
Hay A. H. Winters
Marco J. P. F. Ritt
Frank B. Niessen
Andries E. Budding
Publication date
01-08-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery / Issue 4/2019
Print ISSN: 0364-216X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-5241
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-019-01383-9

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