Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders 2/2020

01-12-2020 | Atorvastatin | Research article

Anti-hypercholesterolemic potential of diet supplemented with Anchomanes difformis and Pleurotus tuberregium tubers in high cholesterol fed rats

Authors: Folake Lucy Oyetayo, Seun Funmilola Akomolafe, Oluwatosin Adesola Ogundumi

Published in: Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders | Issue 2/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

One significant ethnomedicinal motivation behind Pleurotus tuberregium (PTT) and Anchomanes difformis (ADT) tubers is cardiovascular-related conditions treatment. This investigation is in this way planned for deciding the impact of PTT and ADT enhanced eating routine on key enzymes linked with hypercholesterolemia in elevated cholesterol fed rodents.

Methods

Rats were isolated into control group, hypercholesterolemic-prompted untreated group, hypercholesterolemic-treated groups with dietary routine containing PTT (5% and 10%), ADT (5% and 10%), 5% PTT and 5% ADT conbination and traditional medication, atorvastatin for 28 days. Ten rodents were utilized for every one of the groups.

Results

Feeding with PTT and ADT comprehensive eating regimen and their combination significantly (P < 0.05) diminished the AChE, HMG-CoA, ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and CK activities and levels of mevalonate, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDLch), atherogenic indices, MDA and ROS yet significantly increased the SOD, CAT, GPx activities, and level of HDL, GSH when contrasted with HC-initiated untreated rodents. Likewise, histopathological of liver and heart demonstrated no obsessive changes in all the treated groups when contrasted with healthy control group. HPLC fingerprinting of the PTT and ADT aqueous concentrates uncovered the nearness of ferulic acid, vanillic acid, catechin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid and gallic acid. Notwithstanding, aqueous concentrate of ADT contained plentiful convergences of the polyphenolics when contrasted with PTT concentrate.

Conclusions

The tubers HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity could additionally support their antihypercholesterolemic use in folk medication. Accordingly, the tubers may in this way be valuable as restorative nourishment for helpful treatment of clinical conditions related hypercholesterolemia with the ADT diet holding more guarantee.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Venkatakrishnan K, Thangarajan S. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine. 2012; 2012: 949–955. Venkatakrishnan K, Thangarajan S. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine. 2012; 2012: 949–955.
2.
go back to reference Thiruchenduran M, Vijayan NA, Sawaminathan JK, Devaraj SN. Protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins against cholesterol cholic acid diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2011;20:361–8.PubMed Thiruchenduran M, Vijayan NA, Sawaminathan JK, Devaraj SN. Protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins against cholesterol cholic acid diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2011;20:361–8.PubMed
3.
go back to reference Gu W, Xi BL, Wu QN. Cloning and distribution pattern of HMGR gene conserved fragment in Alisma orientale. J Chin Med Mater. 34(9):1335–1339. Gu W, Xi BL, Wu QN. Cloning and distribution pattern of HMGR gene conserved fragment in Alisma orientale. J Chin Med Mater. 34(9):1335–1339.
4.
go back to reference Gu W, Geng C, Xue W. Characterization and function of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase gene in Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. and its relationship with protostane triterpene production. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2015;97:378–89.PubMed Gu W, Geng C, Xue W. Characterization and function of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase gene in Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. and its relationship with protostane triterpene production. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2015;97:378–89.PubMed
5.
go back to reference Kobayashi T, Kato-Emori S, Tomita K, Ezura H. Detection of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzymeAreductase protein Cm-HMGR during fruit development in melon (Cucumis melo L.). Theor Appl Genet. 2002;104(5):779–85.PubMed Kobayashi T, Kato-Emori S, Tomita K, Ezura H. Detection of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzymeAreductase protein Cm-HMGR during fruit development in melon (Cucumis melo L.). Theor Appl Genet. 2002;104(5):779–85.PubMed
6.
go back to reference Tommer R, Rachel A, Sylvie PC, Jerry R. Impairedregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase degradation in lovastatin-resistant cells. J Biol Chem. 1999;274(41):29341–51. Tommer R, Rachel A, Sylvie PC, Jerry R. Impairedregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase degradation in lovastatin-resistant cells. J Biol Chem. 1999;274(41):29341–51.
7.
go back to reference Eghdamian B, Ghose K. Mode of action and adverse effects of lipid lowering drugs. Drugs Today (Barc). 1998;34:943–56. Eghdamian B, Ghose K. Mode of action and adverse effects of lipid lowering drugs. Drugs Today (Barc). 1998;34:943–56.
8.
go back to reference López C, Andrés F. Manual for the preparation and sale of fruits and vegetables. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2004; p. 6. ISBN 92-5-104991-2. López C, Andrés F. Manual for the preparation and sale of fruits and vegetables. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2004; p. 6. ISBN 92-5-104991-2.
10.
go back to reference WHO. Trace elements in human nutrition and health. Geneva: World Health Organisation (WHO); 1996. WHO. Trace elements in human nutrition and health. Geneva: World Health Organisation (WHO); 1996.
11.
go back to reference Akindahunsi AA, Oyetayo FL. Nutrient and anti-nutrient distribution of edible mushroom, Pleurotus tuber-regium (fries) singer. LWT Food Sci Technol (Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft and Technologie). 2006;39:548–53. Akindahunsi AA, Oyetayo FL. Nutrient and anti-nutrient distribution of edible mushroom, Pleurotus tuber-regium (fries) singer. LWT Food Sci Technol (Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft and Technologie). 2006;39:548–53.
12.
go back to reference Bello OM, Jagaba SM, Bello OE. A wild edible vegetable Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl.: its ethnomedicinal, phytochemistry, nutritional importance and other uses. EurAsian J BioSci. 2019;13:1137–47. Bello OM, Jagaba SM, Bello OE. A wild edible vegetable Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl.: its ethnomedicinal, phytochemistry, nutritional importance and other uses. EurAsian J BioSci. 2019;13:1137–47.
14.
go back to reference Burkill HM. The useful plants of west tropical Africa. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens; 2000. Burkill HM. The useful plants of west tropical Africa. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens; 2000.
15.
go back to reference Adekunle O, Adetunji T. Antimicrobial activity of Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl. [family ARACEAE]. Acta SATECH. 2010;3(2):87–90. Adekunle O, Adetunji T. Antimicrobial activity of Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl. [family ARACEAE]. Acta SATECH. 2010;3(2):87–90.
18.
go back to reference Okpo SO, Ching FP, Ayinde BA, Udi OO, Alonge PO, Eze GO. Gastroprotective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of Anchomanes difformis (Engl). Int J Health Res. 2011;4(4):155–61. Okpo SO, Ching FP, Ayinde BA, Udi OO, Alonge PO, Eze GO. Gastroprotective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of Anchomanes difformis (Engl). Int J Health Res. 2011;4(4):155–61.
19.
go back to reference Okpo SO, Ayinde BA, Ugwa ZI, Ching FP, Alonge PO, Udi OO. Anti-ulcer activity of the aqueous extract of Anchomanes difformis. Niger J Pharm Sci. 2012;11(1):58–65. Okpo SO, Ayinde BA, Ugwa ZI, Ching FP, Alonge PO, Udi OO. Anti-ulcer activity of the aqueous extract of Anchomanes difformis. Niger J Pharm Sci. 2012;11(1):58–65.
21.
go back to reference Apetorgbor AK, Dzomeku M, Apetorgbor MM. Int Food Res J. 2013;20(6):3387–93. Apetorgbor AK, Dzomeku M, Apetorgbor MM. Int Food Res J. 2013;20(6):3387–93.
22.
go back to reference Ude CM, Ezenwugo AEN, Agu RC. Composition and food value of sclerotium (Osu) and edible mushroom (Pleurotus tuber-regium). J Food Sci Technol. 2001;38:612–14. Ude CM, Ezenwugo AEN, Agu RC. Composition and food value of sclerotium (Osu) and edible mushroom (Pleurotus tuber-regium). J Food Sci Technol. 2001;38:612–14.
23.
go back to reference Gregori A, Svagelj M, Pohleven J. Cultivation techniques and medicinal properties of Pleurotus spp. Food Technol Biotechnol. 2007;45(3):238–49. Gregori A, Svagelj M, Pohleven J. Cultivation techniques and medicinal properties of Pleurotus spp. Food Technol Biotechnol. 2007;45(3):238–49.
24.
go back to reference Bernas E, Jaworska G, Lisiewska Z. Edible mushroom as a source of valuable nutritive constituents. Acta Sci Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria. 2006;5:5–20. Bernas E, Jaworska G, Lisiewska Z. Edible mushroom as a source of valuable nutritive constituents. Acta Sci Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria. 2006;5:5–20.
28.
go back to reference Takasaki Y. Serum lipid levels and factors affecting atherogenic index in Japanese children. J Phys Anthrop Appl Human Sci. 2005;24:511–5. Takasaki Y. Serum lipid levels and factors affecting atherogenic index in Japanese children. J Phys Anthrop Appl Human Sci. 2005;24:511–5.
29.
go back to reference Onat A, Can G, Kaya H, Hergenc G. Atherogenic index of plasma (log10 triglyceride/high- density lipoprotein-cholesterol) predicts high blood pressure diabetes, and vascular events. J Clin Lipid. 2010;4:89–98. Onat A, Can G, Kaya H, Hergenc G. Atherogenic index of plasma (log10 triglyceride/high- density lipoprotein-cholesterol) predicts high blood pressure diabetes, and vascular events. J Clin Lipid. 2010;4:89–98.
30.
go back to reference Ikewuchi CJ, Ikewuchi CC. Alteration of plasma lipid profiles and atherogenic indices by Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L. (Vahl). Boikemistri. 2009;21:71–7. Ikewuchi CJ, Ikewuchi CC. Alteration of plasma lipid profiles and atherogenic indices by Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L. (Vahl). Boikemistri. 2009;21:71–7.
31.
go back to reference Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V, Featherstone RM. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1961;1961(7):88–95. Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V, Featherstone RM. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1961;1961(7):88–95.
32.
go back to reference Claiborne A. Catalase activity. In: Greenwald RA, editor. Handbook of methods for oxygen radical research. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 1985. pp. 283–4. Claiborne A. Catalase activity. In: Greenwald RA, editor. Handbook of methods for oxygen radical research. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 1985. pp. 283–4.
33.
go back to reference Misra HP, Fridovich I. The role of superoxide anion in the auto oxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J Biol Chem. 1972;247:3170–5.PubMed Misra HP, Fridovich I. The role of superoxide anion in the auto oxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J Biol Chem. 1972;247:3170–5.PubMed
34.
go back to reference Paglia DE, Valentine WN. Studies on quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J Lab Clin Med. 1967;70:158–69.PubMed Paglia DE, Valentine WN. Studies on quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J Lab Clin Med. 1967;70:158–69.PubMed
35.
go back to reference Ellman GL. Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1959;82:70–7.PubMed Ellman GL. Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1959;82:70–7.PubMed
36.
go back to reference Hayashi I, Morishita Y, Imai K, Nakamura M, Nakachi K, Hayashi T. High-throughput spectrophotometric assay of reactive oxygen species in serum. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2007;631(1):55–61. Hayashi I, Morishita Y, Imai K, Nakamura M, Nakachi K, Hayashi T. High-throughput spectrophotometric assay of reactive oxygen species in serum. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2007;631(1):55–61.
37.
go back to reference Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951;193:265.PubMed Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951;193:265.PubMed
38.
go back to reference Choe S, Kim H, Jeong T, Bok S, Park Y. Naringin has an antiatherogenic effect with the inhibition of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2001;38:947–55.PubMed Choe S, Kim H, Jeong T, Bok S, Park Y. Naringin has an antiatherogenic effect with the inhibition of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2001;38:947–55.PubMed
39.
go back to reference Kumar SA, Sudhahar V, Varalakshmi P. Attenuation of serum lipid abnormalities and cardiac oxidative stress by eicosapentaenoate-lipoate (EPA-LA) derivative in experimental hypercholesterolemia. Clin Chim Acta. 2005;355:197–204.PubMed Kumar SA, Sudhahar V, Varalakshmi P. Attenuation of serum lipid abnormalities and cardiac oxidative stress by eicosapentaenoate-lipoate (EPA-LA) derivative in experimental hypercholesterolemia. Clin Chim Acta. 2005;355:197–204.PubMed
40.
go back to reference Girija K, Lakshman K, Udaya C, Sachi GS, Divya T. Anti-diabetic and anti-cholesterolemic activity of methanol extracts of three species of Amarathus. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2011;1(2):133–8.PubMedPubMedCentral Girija K, Lakshman K, Udaya C, Sachi GS, Divya T. Anti-diabetic and anti-cholesterolemic activity of methanol extracts of three species of Amarathus. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2011;1(2):133–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
41.
go back to reference Johnkennedy N, Adamma E, Nnedimma NC. Hypolipidemic effects of aqueous extract of Acalypha capitata leaves in rats on high cholesterol diet. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2011; 1(S2):S183–S185. Johnkennedy N, Adamma E, Nnedimma NC. Hypolipidemic effects of aqueous extract of Acalypha capitata leaves in rats on high cholesterol diet. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2011; 1(S2):S183–S185.
42.
go back to reference Anandhi R, Annadurai T, Anitha TS, Muralidharan AR, Najmunnisha K, Nachiappan V, Thomas PA, Geraldine P. Antihypercholesterolemic and antioxidative effects of an extract of the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, and its major constituent, chrysin, in Triton WR-1339-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. J Physiol Biochem. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-012-0215-6. CrossRefPubMed Anandhi R, Annadurai T, Anitha TS, Muralidharan AR, Najmunnisha K, Nachiappan V, Thomas PA, Geraldine P. Antihypercholesterolemic and antioxidative effects of an extract of the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, and its major constituent, chrysin, in Triton WR-1339-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. J Physiol Biochem. 2012. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s13105-012-0215-6. CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Sudhahar V, Kumar SA, Mythili Y, Varalakshmi P. Remedial effect of lupeol and its ester derivatives on hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Nutr Res. 2007;27:778–87. Sudhahar V, Kumar SA, Mythili Y, Varalakshmi P. Remedial effect of lupeol and its ester derivatives on hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Nutr Res. 2007;27:778–87.
44.
go back to reference Patil UK, Saraf S, Dixit VK. Hypolipidemic activity of seeds of Cassia tora Linn. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;90:249–52.PubMed Patil UK, Saraf S, Dixit VK. Hypolipidemic activity of seeds of Cassia tora Linn. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;90:249–52.PubMed
45.
go back to reference Hokanson JE, Austin MA. Plasma triglyceride level is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level: a meta-analysis of population-based prospective studies. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1996;3:213–9.PubMed Hokanson JE, Austin MA. Plasma triglyceride level is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level: a meta-analysis of population-based prospective studies. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1996;3:213–9.PubMed
46.
go back to reference Oyetayo FL. Responses of plasma lipids to edible mushroom diets in albino rats. Afr J Biotechnol. 2006;5:1263–6. Oyetayo FL. Responses of plasma lipids to edible mushroom diets in albino rats. Afr J Biotechnol. 2006;5:1263–6.
47.
go back to reference Hu SH, Liang ZC, Chia YC, Lien JL, Chen KS, Lee MY. Antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of extracts from Pleurotus citrinopileatus. J Agric Food Chem. 2006;54:2103–10.PubMed Hu SH, Liang ZC, Chia YC, Lien JL, Chen KS, Lee MY. Antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of extracts from Pleurotus citrinopileatus. J Agric Food Chem. 2006;54:2103–10.PubMed
48.
go back to reference Alam N, Amin R, Khan A, Ara I, Shim MJ, Lee MW. Comparative effects of oyster mushrooms on lipid profile, liver and kidney function in hypercholesterolemic rats. Mycobiology. 2009;37:37–42.PubMedPubMedCentral Alam N, Amin R, Khan A, Ara I, Shim MJ, Lee MW. Comparative effects of oyster mushrooms on lipid profile, liver and kidney function in hypercholesterolemic rats. Mycobiology. 2009;37:37–42.PubMedPubMedCentral
49.
go back to reference Schneider I, Kressel G, Meyer A, Krings U, Berger R, Hahn A. Lipid lowering effects of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in humans. J Funct Foods. 2011;3:17–24. Schneider I, Kressel G, Meyer A, Krings U, Berger R, Hahn A. Lipid lowering effects of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in humans. J Funct Foods. 2011;3:17–24.
50.
go back to reference Vallianou I, Peroulis N, Pantazis P, Hadzopoulou-Cladaras M. Camphene, a plant-derived monoterpene, reduces plasma cholesterol and triglycerides in hyperlipidemic rats independently of HMG-CoA reductase activity. PLoS One. 2011;6:e20516.PubMedPubMedCentral Vallianou I, Peroulis N, Pantazis P, Hadzopoulou-Cladaras M. Camphene, a plant-derived monoterpene, reduces plasma cholesterol and triglycerides in hyperlipidemic rats independently of HMG-CoA reductase activity. PLoS One. 2011;6:e20516.PubMedPubMedCentral
51.
go back to reference Fki I, BouazizM, Sahnoun Z, Sayadi S. Hypocholesterolemic effects of phenolic-rich extracts of Chemlali olive cultivar in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. Bioorg Med Chem. 2005;13:5362–70.PubMed Fki I, BouazizM, Sahnoun Z, Sayadi S. Hypocholesterolemic effects of phenolic-rich extracts of Chemlali olive cultivar in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. Bioorg Med Chem. 2005;13:5362–70.PubMed
52.
go back to reference Moss DW, Henderson AR. Enzymes. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, editors. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1999. pp. 735–896. Moss DW, Henderson AR. Enzymes. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, editors. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1999. pp. 735–896.
53.
go back to reference Bukowska B, Sici´nska P, Pajak A. Oxidative stress and damage to erythrocytes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - changes in ATPase and acetylcholinesterase activity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2015;93(6):574–80. Bukowska B, Sici´nska P, Pajak A. Oxidative stress and damage to erythrocytes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - changes in ATPase and acetylcholinesterase activity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2015;93(6):574–80.
54.
go back to reference Yamchuen P, Aimjongjun S, Limpeanchob N. Oxidized low density lipoprotein increases acetylcholinesterase activity correlating with reactive oxygen species production. Neurochem Int. 2014;78:1–6.PubMed Yamchuen P, Aimjongjun S, Limpeanchob N. Oxidized low density lipoprotein increases acetylcholinesterase activity correlating with reactive oxygen species production. Neurochem Int. 2014;78:1–6.PubMed
55.
go back to reference Dal Forno GO, Kist LW, De Azevedo MB. Intraperitoneal exposure to nano/microparticles of fullerene (C60) increases acetylcholinesterase activity and lipid peroxidation in adult zebrafish (danio rerio) Brain. BioMed Res Int. 2013;(7):1–11. Dal Forno GO, Kist LW, De Azevedo MB. Intraperitoneal exposure to nano/microparticles of fullerene (C60) increases acetylcholinesterase activity and lipid peroxidation in adult zebrafish (danio rerio) Brain. BioMed Res Int. 2013;(7):1–11.
56.
go back to reference Duchnowicz P, Ziobro A, Rapacka E, Koter-Michalak M, Bukowska B. Changes in cholinesterase activity in blood of adolescent with metabolic syndrome after supplementation with extract from Aronia melanocarpa. BioMed Res Int. 2018;2018. Duchnowicz P, Ziobro A, Rapacka E, Koter-Michalak M, Bukowska B. Changes in cholinesterase activity in blood of adolescent with metabolic syndrome after supplementation with extract from Aronia melanocarpa. BioMed Res Int. 2018;2018.
57.
go back to reference D’Souza T, Mengi S, Hassarajani S, Chattopadhayay S. Efficacy study of the bioactive fraction (F-3) of Acorus calamus in hyperlipidemia. Indian J Pharmacol. 2007;39(4):196–200. D’Souza T, Mengi S, Hassarajani S, Chattopadhayay S. Efficacy study of the bioactive fraction (F-3) of Acorus calamus in hyperlipidemia. Indian J Pharmacol. 2007;39(4):196–200.
58.
go back to reference Rodwell VW, Nordstrom Jl, Mitschelen JJ. Regulation of HMG-CoA reductase. Adv Lipid Res. 1976;14:1–74.PubMed Rodwell VW, Nordstrom Jl, Mitschelen JJ. Regulation of HMG-CoA reductase. Adv Lipid Res. 1976;14:1–74.PubMed
60.
go back to reference Prasad K, Kalra J. Oxygen free radicals and hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis: effect of vitamin E. Am Heart J. 1993;125:958–73.PubMed Prasad K, Kalra J. Oxygen free radicals and hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis: effect of vitamin E. Am Heart J. 1993;125:958–73.PubMed
61.
go back to reference Halliwell B. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and cardiovascular disease: how should we move forward? Cardiovasc Res. 2000;47:410–8.PubMed Halliwell B. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and cardiovascular disease: how should we move forward? Cardiovasc Res. 2000;47:410–8.PubMed
62.
go back to reference Schonewille M, de Boer JF, Mele L. Statins increase hepatic cholesterol synthesis and stimulate fecal cholesterol elimination in mice. J Lipid Res. 2016;57:1455–64.PubMedPubMedCentral Schonewille M, de Boer JF, Mele L. Statins increase hepatic cholesterol synthesis and stimulate fecal cholesterol elimination in mice. J Lipid Res. 2016;57:1455–64.PubMedPubMedCentral
64.
go back to reference Moron MS, Depierre JW, Mannervik B. Levels of glutathione, glutathione reductase and glutathione Stransferase activities in rat lung and liver. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979;582:67–78.PubMed Moron MS, Depierre JW, Mannervik B. Levels of glutathione, glutathione reductase and glutathione Stransferase activities in rat lung and liver. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979;582:67–78.PubMed
65.
go back to reference Klaassen CD, Bracken WM, Dudley RE, Goering PL, Hazelton GA, Hjelle JJ. Role of sulfhydryls in the hepatotoxicity of organic and metallic compounds. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1985;5:806–15.PubMed Klaassen CD, Bracken WM, Dudley RE, Goering PL, Hazelton GA, Hjelle JJ. Role of sulfhydryls in the hepatotoxicity of organic and metallic compounds. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1985;5:806–15.PubMed
66.
go back to reference Holmes A, Coppey LJ, Davidson EP, Yorek MA. Rat Models of Diet-Induced Obesity and High Fat/Low Dose Streptozotocin Type 2 Diabetes: Effect of Reversal of High Fat Diet Compared to Treatment with Enalapril or Menhaden Oil on Glucose Utilization and Neuropathic Endpoints. J Diabetes Res. 2015;2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/307285. Holmes A, Coppey LJ, Davidson EP, Yorek MA. Rat Models of Diet-Induced Obesity and High Fat/Low Dose Streptozotocin Type 2 Diabetes: Effect of Reversal of High Fat Diet Compared to Treatment with Enalapril or Menhaden Oil on Glucose Utilization and Neuropathic Endpoints. J Diabetes Res. 2015;2015. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1155/​2015/​307285.
67.
go back to reference Wissler RW. Theories and new horizons in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and the mechanisms of clinical effects. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1992;116:1281–91.PubMed Wissler RW. Theories and new horizons in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and the mechanisms of clinical effects. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1992;116:1281–91.PubMed
68.
go back to reference Le Ngoc-Anh. Lipoprotein-associated oxidative stress: A new twist to the postprandial hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16(1):401–19. Le Ngoc-Anh. Lipoprotein-associated oxidative stress: A new twist to the postprandial hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16(1):401–19.
69.
go back to reference Faleye FJ, Akinwunmi OA, Ojo OC. Investigation of the methanol extract of Anchomanes Difformis tuber extract for in vitro antioxidant, Α- amylase and Α- Glucosidase inhibitory activities. FUW Trends Sci Technol J. 2018;3(2A):342–346. Faleye FJ, Akinwunmi OA, Ojo OC. Investigation of the methanol extract of Anchomanes Difformis tuber extract for in vitro antioxidant, Α- amylase and Α- Glucosidase inhibitory activities. FUW Trends Sci Technol J. 2018;3(2A):342–346.
70.
go back to reference Khamis AA, Salama AF, Kenawy ME, Mohamed TM. (2017). Regulation of hepatic hydroxy methyl glutarate – CoA reductase for controlling hypercholesterolemia in rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;95:1242–1250. Khamis AA, Salama AF, Kenawy ME, Mohamed TM. (2017). Regulation of hepatic hydroxy methyl glutarate – CoA reductase for controlling hypercholesterolemia in rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;95:1242–1250.
71.
go back to reference Jentzsch AM, Bachmann H, Fürst P, Biesalski HK. (1996). Improved analysis of malondialdehyde in human body fluids. Free Radic Biol Med. 1996;20(2):251–6. Jentzsch AM, Bachmann H, Fürst P, Biesalski HK. (1996). Improved analysis of malondialdehyde in human body fluids. Free Radic Biol Med. 1996;20(2):251–6.
Metadata
Title
Anti-hypercholesterolemic potential of diet supplemented with Anchomanes difformis and Pleurotus tuberregium tubers in high cholesterol fed rats
Authors
Folake Lucy Oyetayo
Seun Funmilola Akomolafe
Oluwatosin Adesola Ogundumi
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders / Issue 2/2020
Electronic ISSN: 2251-6581
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-020-00615-z

Other articles of this Issue 2/2020

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders 2/2020 Go to the issue
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.