01-11-2019 | Astrocytoma | Case-Based Update
The molecular oncology of bilateral high-grade thalamic astrocytomas in children
Published in: Child's Nervous System | Issue 11/2019
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Background
Bilateral thalamic astrocytomas in children are exceedingly rare. These highly malignant tumors seldom respond to conventional treatment strategies and carry a grim prognosis for patients. However, recent advances in molecular oncology have had a positive impact on prognostication and treatment strategies of these tumors.
Case-based review
We present a new case of WHO grade III bilateral thalamic astrocytoma in a child and review the pathophysiology, molecular oncogenesis, and relevant treatment strategies for this rare disease.
Conclusions
High-grade thalamic astrocytomas affecting both thalami pose a challenge to pediatric neurosurgeons, neuro-oncologists, and neuropathologists given the lack of effective treatment strategies. Understanding recent revelations in the field of molecular oncology can assist clinicians in adequately formulating a treatment plan in this patient population.