Top

European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry

Published in:

Open Access 13-04-2023 | Original Scientific Article

Association between maxillary canine impaction and other dental anomalies: radiological study of a mixed dentition children’s cohort from an orthodontic clinic

Authors: O.-E. Kolokitha, D. Balli, A.-E. Zarkadi, S. Gizani

Published in: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry | Issue 3/2023

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the significance of association between maxillary impacted canines and various dental anomalies.

Methods

Files of 874 orthodontic patients were evaluated for the presence of maxillary impacted canines. From this sample, a group of 97 patients (39 males and 58 females) with at least 1 impacted maxillary canine consisted the study group. This group was compared to a control group of 97 patients (42 males and 55 females) that was created by random selection from the initial sample without maxillary canine impaction. The impaction diagnosis was made from the panoramic radiographs. Chi-square test was used to perform the analysis for significant associations. Stepwise discriminant analysis, binary logistic regression and classification tree were used to identify best combinations.

Results

Statistically significant difference was found for peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisors and infraoccluded deciduous molars. The presence of peg-shaped upper lateral incisors arises the probability of impacted canine to 83.3%, a distal displaced unerupted second premolar to 63.16% and the impaction of any other teeth to 80% as showed by the classification tree.

Conclusions

The presence of peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisors and infraocclusion of deciduous molars can be considered major valuable early risk indicators for maxillary canine impaction, because they manifest before the maxillary canine eruption. Special consideration should be given on distal displaced unerupted second premolar and the impaction of any other teeth. Patients with these dental anomalies are candidates for future interceptive treatment for canine eruption.

Afify AR, Zawawi KH. The prevalence of dental anomalies in the Western region of Saudi Arabia. ISRN Dent. 2012. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/837270.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Agarwal KN, Gupta R, Faridi MM, Kalra N. Permanent dentition in Delhi boys of age 5–14 years. Indian Pediatr. 2004;41:1031–5.PubMed

Al-Nimri KS, Bsoul E. Maxillary palatal canine impaction displacement in subjects with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:81–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.11.016.CrossRefPubMed

Al-Nimri K, Gharaibeh T. Space conditions and dental and occlusal features in patients with palatally impacted maxillary canines: an aetiological study. Eur J Orthod. 2005;27:461–5. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cji022.CrossRefPubMed

Anic-Milosevic S, Varga S, Mestrovic S, Lapter-Varga M, Slaj M. Dental and occlusal features in patients with palatally displaced maxillary canines. Eur J Orthod. 2009;31:367–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjp014.CrossRefPubMed

Baccetti T. A clinical and statistical study of etiologic aspects related to associated tooth anomalies in number, size, and position. Minerva Stomatol. 1998;47:655–63.PubMed

Baccetti T, Leonardi M, Armi P. A randomized clinical study of two interceptive approaches to palatally displaced canines. Eur J Orthod. 2008;30:381–5.CrossRefPubMed

Baccetti T, Mucedero M, Leonardi M, Cozza P. Interceptive treatment of palatal impaction of maxillary canines with rapid maxillary expansion: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:657–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.03.019.CrossRefPubMed

Baccetti T, Leonardi M, Giuntini V. Distally displaced premolars: a dental anomaly associated with palatally displaced canines. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:318–22.CrossRefPubMed

Becker A, Chaushu S. Etiology of maxillary canine impaction: a review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015;148:557–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.06.013.CrossRefPubMed

Becker A, Smith P, Behar R. The incidence of anomalous maxillary lateral incisors in relation to palatally-displaced cuspids. Angle Orthod. 1981;51:24–9.PubMed

Becker A, Gillis I, Shpack N. The etiology of palatal displacement of maxillary canines. Clin Orthod Res. 1999;2:62–6.CrossRefPubMed

Becker A, Sharabi S, Chaushu S. Maxillary tooth size variation in dentitions with palatal canine displacement. Eur J Orthod. 2002;24:313–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/24.3.313.CrossRefPubMed

Bishara SE. Impacted maxillary canines: a review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1992;101:159–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(92)70008-X.CrossRefPubMed

Devi MSA, Padmanabhan S. Role of polymorphisms of MSX1 and PAX9 genes in palatal impaction of maxillary canines. J Orthod. 2019;46:14–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465312518820537.CrossRefPubMed

Dineshshankar J, Sivakumar M, Balasubramanium AM, Kesavan G, Karthikeyan M, Prasad VS. Taurodontism J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2014;6:13–5. https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.137252.CrossRef

Duncan WK, Helpin ML. Bilateral fusion and gemination: a literature analysis and case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1987;64:82–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(87)90121-6.CrossRefPubMed

Ericson S, Kurol J. Early treatment of palatally erupting maxillary canines by extraction of the primary canines. Eur J Orthod. 1988;10:283–95. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/10.4.283.CrossRefPubMed

Ericson S, Kurol J. Incisor root resorptions due to ectopic maxillary canines imaged by computerized tomography: a comparative study in extracted teeth. Angle Orthod. 2000;70:276–83.PubMed

Garib DG, Peck S, Gomes SC. Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with second-premolar agenesis. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:436–41. https://doi.org/10.2319/021308-87.1.CrossRefPubMed

Garib DG, Lancia M, Kato RM, Oliveira TM, Neves LT. Risk of developing palatally displaced canines in patients with early detectable dental anomalies: a retrospective cohort study. J Appl Oral Sci. 2016;24:549–54. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-775720150535.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Garvey MT, Barry HJ, Blake M. Supernumerary teeth–an overview of classification, diagnosis and management. J Can Dent Assoc. 1999;65:612–6.PubMed

Hattab FN, Yassin OM, al-Nimri KS. Talon cusp--clinical significance and management: case reports. Quintessence Int. 1995;26:115–20.

Herrera-Atoche JR, Agüayo-de-Pau MD, Escoffié-Ramírez M, Aguilar-Ayala FJ, Carrillo-Ávila BA, Rejón-Peraza ME. Impacted Maxillary canine prevalence and its association with other dental anomalies in a Mexican population. Int J Dent. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7326061.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kim Y, Hyun HK, Jang KT. Morphological relationship analysis of impacted maxillary canines and the adjacent teeth on 3-dimensional reconstructed CT images. Angle Orthod. 2017;87:590–7. https://doi.org/10.2319/071516-554.1.CrossRefPubMed

Laganà G, Venza N, Borzabadi-Farahani A, Fabi F, Danesi C, Cozza P. Dental anomalies: prevalence and associations between them in a large sample of non-orthodontic subjects, a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health. 2017;17:62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-017-0352-y.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Leifert S, Jonas IE. Dental anomalies as a microsymptom of palatal canine displacement. J Orofac Orthop. 2003;64:108–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-003-0222-x.CrossRefPubMed

Lempesi E, Karamolegkou M, Pandis N, Mavragani M. Maxillary canine impaction in orthodontic patients with and without agenesis: a cross-sectional radiographic study. Angle Orthod. 2014;84:11–7. https://doi.org/10.2319/022413-155.1.CrossRefPubMed

Lindauer SJ, Rubenstein LK, Hang WM, Andersen WC, Isaacson RJ. Canine impaction identified early with panoramic radiographs. J Am Dent Assoc. 1992;23:91–2,95–7. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1992.0069

Lövgren ML, Dahl O, Uribe P, Ransjö M, Westerlund A. Prevalence of impacted maxillary canines-an epidemiological study in a region with systematically implemented interceptive treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2019;41:454–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjz056.CrossRefPubMed

Mercuri E, Cassetta M, Cavallini C, Vicari D, Leonardi R, Barbato E. Dental anomalies and clinical features in patients with maxillary canine impaction. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:22–8.CrossRefPubMed

Nagpal A, Pai KM, Sharma G. Palatal and labially impacted maxillary canine-associated dental anomalies: a comparative study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2009;10:67–74. https://doi.org/10.2319/021712-149.1.CrossRefPubMed

Pallikaraki G, Sifakakis I, Gizani S, Makou M, Mitsea A. Developmental dental anomalies assessed by panoramic radiographs in a Greek orthodontic population sample. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020;21:223–8.CrossRefPubMed

Parkin NA, Milner RS, Deery C, Tinsley D, Smith AM, Germain P, Freeman JV, Bell SJ, Benson PE. Periodontal health of palatally displaced canines treated with open or closed surgical technique: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2013;144:176–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.03.016.CrossRefPubMed

Patil S, Doni B, Kaswan S, Rahman F. Prevalence of dental anomalies in Indian population. J Clin Exp Dent. 2013;5:183–6. https://doi.org/10.4317/jced.51119.CrossRef

Peck L, Peck S, Attia Y. Maxillary canine-first premolar transposition, associated dental anomalies and genetic basis. Angle Orthod. 1993;63:99–109. https://doi.org/10.1043/0003-3219(1993)063%3c0099:MCFPTA%3e2.0.CO;2.CrossRefPubMed

Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. The palatally displaced canine as a dental anomaly of genetic origin. Angle Orthod. 1994;64:249–56. https://doi.org/10.1043/0003-3219(1994)064%3c0250:TPDCAA%3e2.0.CO;2.CrossRefPubMed

Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. Prevalence of tooth agenesis and peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor associated with palatally displaced canine (PDC) anomaly. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;110:441–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(96)70048-3.CrossRefPubMed

Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. Concomitant occurrence of canine malposition and tooth agenesis: evidence of orofacial genetic fields. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;122:657–60. https://doi.org/10.1067/mod.2002.129915.CrossRefPubMed

Peterson LJ. In: Principles of Management of the Impacted Teeth. In: Ellis E, Hupp JR, Tucker MR, editors. Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. St Louis: Mosby; 1998. p. 184–213.

Qamar R, Imtiaz A, Kamran M. Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis: A review of literature. Pak Orthod J. 2012;4:69–72.

Ristaniemi J, Rajala W, Karjalainen T, Melaluoto E, Iivari J, Pesonen P, Lähdesmäki R. Eruption pattern of the maxillary canines: features of natural eruption seen in PTG at the late mixed stage-Part I. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2022;23:223–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-021-00650-1.CrossRefPubMed

Rotstein I, Stabholz A, Friedman S. Endodontic therapy for dens invaginatus in a maxillary second premolar. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1987;63:237–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(87)90320-3.CrossRefPubMed

Russell KA, McLeod CE. Canine eruption in patients with complete cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2008;45:73–80. https://doi.org/10.1597/07-049.1.CrossRefPubMed

Sacerdoti R, Baccetti T. Dentoskeletal features associated with unilateral or bilateral palatal displacement of maxillary canines. Angle Orthod. 2004;74:725–32. https://doi.org/10.1043/0003-3219(2004)074%3c0725:DFAWUO%3e2.0.CO;2.CrossRefPubMed

Sambataro S, Baccetti T, Franchi L, Antonini F. Early predictive variables for upper canine impaction as derived from posteroanterior cephalograms. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:28–34. https://doi.org/10.1043/0003-3219(2005)075%3c0028:EPVFUC%3e2.0.CO;2.CrossRefPubMed

Shalish M, Peck S, Wasserstein A, Peck L. Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with infraocclusion of deciduous molars. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:440–5. https://doi.org/10.1043/0003-3219(2005)075%3c0028:EPVFUC%3e2.0.CO;2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Shokri A, Poorolajal J, Khajeh S, Faramarzi F, Kahnamoui HM. Prevalence of dental anomalies among 7- to 35-year-old people in Hamadan, Iran in 2012–2013 as observed using panoramic radiographs. Imaging Sci Dent. 2014;44:7–13. https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.2014.44.1.7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sigler LM, Baccetti T, McNamara JA Jr. Effect of rapid maxillary expansion and transpalatal arch treatment associated with deciduous canine extraction on the eruption of palatally displaced canines: A 2-center prospective study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:235–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.07.015.CrossRef

Stahl F, Grabowski R. Maxillary canine displacement and genetically determined predisposition to disturbed development of the dentition. J Orofac Orthop. 2003;64:167–77.CrossRefPubMed

Stellzig A, Basdra EK, Komposch G. The etiology of canine tooth impaction—a space analysis. Fortschr Kieferorthop. 1994;55:97–103.CrossRefPubMed

Vijayendranath N, Geon P, Raghavendra K, Ujwala S, Prasanna KR, Roopashri RK, Gowri B. Ectopic eruption of mandibular canine-A report and review. Open Access J Dent Sci. 2017;2:142–243.

Vitria EE, Tofani I, Kusdhany L, Bachtiar EW. Genotyping analysis of the Pax9 Gene in patients with maxillary canine impaction. F1000Res. 2019;8:254.

Woloshyn H, Artun J, Kennedy DB, Joondeph DR. Pulpal and periodontal reactions to orthodontic alignment of palatally impacted canines. Angle Orthod. 1994;64:257–64. https://doi.org/10.1043/0003-3219(1994)064%3c0257:PAPRTO%3e2.0.CO;2.CrossRefPubMed

Title: Association between maxillary canine impaction and other dental anomalies: radiological study of a mixed dentition children’s cohort from an orthodontic clinic
Authors: O.-E. Kolokitha
D. Balli
A.-E. Zarkadi
S. Gizani
Publication date: 13-04-2023
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry / Issue 3/2023
Print ISSN: 1818-6300
Electronic ISSN: 1996-9805
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-023-00798-y

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Association between maxillary canine impaction and other dental anomalies: radiological study of a mixed dentition children’s cohort from an orthodontic clinic

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 3/2023

MIH should be a core component of every dental curriculum

Dental caries and dental developmental defects as adverse effects of antineoplastic treatment in childhood cancer survivors

Comparative study of two different computer-controlled local anesthesia injection systems in children: a randomized clinical trial

Clinical effectiveness of alkasite versus nanofilled resin composite in the restoration of occlusal carious lesions in permanent molar teeth of children: a randomized clinical trial

Efficacy of propolis and triple antibiotic paste as intra-canal medicaments for revascularisation of immature teeth in dogs: a comparative study

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) referrals in paediatric patients: A 24-month retrospective study in two radiological centers in Campinas, Brazil