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26-08-2023 | Anxiety | Review Article

Dysmenorrhea and psychological distress: a meta-analysis

Authors: Sarah K. Rogers, Naheeda Ahamadeen, Chen X. Chen, Catherine E. Mosher, Jesse C. Stewart, Kevin L. Rand

Published in: Archives of Women's Mental Health | Issue 6/2023

Abstract

Dysmenorrhea is characterized by pelvic pain associated with menstruation. Similar to people with other pain conditions, females who experience dysmenorrhea report increased psychological distress. However, the pooled magnitude of this association has not been quantified across studies. Accordingly, this meta-analytic review quantifies the magnitude of the associations between dysmenorrhea severity and psychological distress. We conducted a systematic search of the literature using PsycINFO, PubMed, CINHAL, Embase, and Web of Science. Analyzed studies provided observational data on dysmenorrhea severity and anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and/or global psychological distress. A total of 44 studies were included, and three random-effects meta-analyses were conducted, with average pooled effect sizes calculated using Person’s r. We found significant, positive associations between measures of dysmenorrhea severity and measures of depressive symptoms (r = 0.216), anxiety symptoms (r = 0.207), and global psychological distress (r = 0.311). Our review suggests that females with greater dysmenorrhea severity experience greater psychological distress. Future directions include defining a clinically meaningful dysmenorrhea severity threshold, understanding the mechanisms and directionality underlying the dysmenorrhea-psychological distress relationship, and designing and testing interventions to jointly address dysmenorrhea and psychological distress.

Though psychological distress is operationalized as anxiety and depressive symptoms for this study, some measures combine anxiety and depression or assess psychological distress as its own entity, including specific symptoms of anxiety and depression. For this reason, psychological distress was assessed in addition to symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Age and study type were assessed as moderators through meta-regression and random-effects ANOVA, respectively. Neither age nor study type significantly moderated the associations.

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Title: Dysmenorrhea and psychological distress: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sarah K. Rogers
Naheeda Ahamadeen
Chen X. Chen
Catherine E. Mosher
Jesse C. Stewart
Kevin L. Rand
Publication date: 26-08-2023
Publisher: Springer Vienna
Keywords: Anxiety
Mood Disorders
Affective Disorder
Published in: Archives of Women's Mental Health / Issue 6/2023
Print ISSN: 1434-1816
Electronic ISSN: 1435-1102
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-023-01365-6

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Dysmenorrhea and psychological distress: a meta-analysis

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