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09-09-2022 | Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis | Letter to the Editor

Anti-Caspr2 encephalitis coexisting with neurosyphilis: a rare case report

Authors: Kundian Guo, Bo Zheng, Xiaoting Hao

Published in: Acta Neurologica Belgica | Issue 5/2023

Excerpt

Neurosyphilis is a central nervous system infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum. The presentation is traditionally described as dementia, meningitis, meningovascular syphilis, and tabes dorsalis. [1] However, neurosyphilis can mimic several different diseases, not only the clinical presentation but also imaging, such as neurodegenerative disorders, vascular dementia, prion diseases, and toxic-metabolic encephalopathy [1]. Diverse clinical manifestations and atypical presentation on the MRI make neurosyphilis and other diseases challenging to distinguish. Therefore, neurosyphilis is sometimes called “the great imitator.” [1] …

Jum’ah A, Nour HA, Alkhoujah M et al (2022) Neurosyphilis in disguise. Neuroradiology 64(3):433–441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-021-02827-3CrossRefPubMed

Dalmau J, Geis C, Graus F (2017) Autoantibodies to synaptic receptors and neuronal cell surface proteins in autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. Physiol Rev 97(2):839–887. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00010.2016CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Daey Ouwens IM, Fiolet ATL, Thijs RD et al (2020) Neurosyphilis mimicking autoimmune encephalitis: a case report and review of the literature. Clin Neuropsychiatry 17(3):175–180PubMedPubMedCentral

Qin K, Wu W, Huang Y et al (2017) Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody encephalitis presents in atypical types and coexists with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder or neurosyphilis. BMC Neurol 17(1):1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-016-0787-9CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Beiruti K, Awad AA, Keigler G et al (2019) Atypical development of neurosyphilis mimicking limbic encephalitis. Int J STD AIDS 30(2):194–197. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462418797873CrossRefPubMed

Title: Anti-Caspr2 encephalitis coexisting with neurosyphilis: a rare case report
Authors: Kundian Guo
Bo Zheng
Xiaoting Hao
Publication date: 09-09-2022
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keywords: Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis
Benzylpenicillin
Neurosyphilis
Autoimmune Encephalitis
Encephalitis
Published in: Acta Neurologica Belgica / Issue 5/2023
Print ISSN: 0300-9009
Electronic ISSN: 2240-2993
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-022-02087-9

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Anti-Caspr2 encephalitis coexisting with neurosyphilis: a rare case report

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