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Current Diabetes Reports
Published in: Current Diabetes Reports 10/2017

Open Access 01-10-2017 | Microvascular Complications—Retinopathy (JK Sun and PS Silva, Section Editors)

Animal Models of Diabetic Retinopathy

Authors: Ana Maria Olivares, Kristen Althoff, Gloria Fanghua Chen, Siqi Wu, Margaux A. Morrisson, Margaret M. DeAngelis, Neena Haider

Published in: Current Diabetes Reports | Issue 10/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications associated with chronic hyperglycemia seen in patients with diabetes mellitus. While many facets of DR are still not fully understood, animal studies have contributed significantly to understanding the etiology and progression of human DR. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of the induced and genetic DR models in different species and the advantages and disadvantages of each model.

Recent Findings

Rodents are the most commonly used models, though dogs develop the most similar morphological retinal lesions as those seen in humans, and pigs and zebrafish have similar vasculature and retinal structures to humans. Nonhuman primates can also develop diabetes mellitus spontaneously or have focal lesions induced to simulate retinal neovascular disease observed in individuals with DR.

Summary

DR results in vascular changes and dysfunction of the neural, glial, and pancreatic β cells. Currently, no model completely recapitulates the full pathophysiology of neuronal and vascular changes that occur at each stage of diabetic retinopathy; however, each model recapitulates many of the disease phenotypes.
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Metadata
Title
Animal Models of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors
Ana Maria Olivares
Kristen Althoff
Gloria Fanghua Chen
Siqi Wu
Margaux A. Morrisson
Margaret M. DeAngelis
Neena Haider
Publication date
01-10-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Diabetes Reports / Issue 10/2017
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Electronic ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0913-0

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