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European Journal of Nutrition
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition 1/2019

01-02-2019 | Review

Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic syndrome. The proactive role of probiotics

Authors: Sebastian Torres, Emanuel Fabersani, Antonela Marquez, Paola Gauffin-Cano

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Purpose

The first part of this review focuses on the role of cells and molecules of adipose tissue involved in metabolic syndrome-induced inflammation and in the maintenance of this pathology. In the second part of the review, the potential role of probiotics-modulating metabolic syndrome-related inflammatory components is summarized and discussed.

Methods

The search for the current scientific literature was carried out using ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar search engines. The keywords used were: metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistant, adipose tissue, adipose tissue inflammation, chronic low-grade inflammation, immune cells, adipokines, cytokines, probiotics, and gut microbiota.

Results and Conclusions

Chronic low-grade inflammation that characterized metabolic syndrome can contribute to the development of the metabolic dysfunctions involved in the pathogenesis of its comorbidities. Adipose tissue is a complex organ that performs metabolic and immune functions. During metabolic syndrome, an imbalance in the inflammatory components of adipose tissue (immune cells, cytokines, and adipocytokines), which shift from an anti-inflammatory to a pro-inflammatory profile, can provoke metabolic syndrome linked complications. Further knowledge concerning the immune function of adipose tissue may contribute to finding better alternatives for the treatment or prevention of such disorders. The control of inflammation could result in the management of many of the pathologies related to metabolic syndrome. Due to the strong evidence that gut microbiota composition plays a role modulating the body weight, adipose tissue, and the prevalence of a low-grade inflammatory status, probiotics emerge as valuable tools for the prevention of metabolic syndrome and health recovery.
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Metadata
Title
Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic syndrome. The proactive role of probiotics
Authors
Sebastian Torres
Emanuel Fabersani
Antonela Marquez
Paola Gauffin-Cano
Publication date
01-02-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 1/2019
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1790-2

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