Top

Published in:

01-12-2021 | Addiction | Review article

Medication overuse and drug addiction: a narrative review from addiction perspective

Authors: Tatiane Teru Takahashi, Raffaele Ornello, Giuseppe Quatrosi, Angelo Torrente, Maria Albanese, Simone Vigneri, Martina Guglielmetti, Cristiano Maria De Marco, Camille Dutordoir, Enrico Colangeli, Matteo Fuccaro, Davide Di Lenola, Valerio Spuntarelli, Laura Pilati, Salvatore Di Marco, Annelies Van Dycke, Ramla Abuukar Abdullahi, Antoinette Maassen van den Brink, Paolo Martelletti, on behalf of the European Headache Federation School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS)

Published in: The Journal of Headache and Pain | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Chronic headache is particularly prevalent in migraineurs and it can progress to a condition known as medication overuse headache (MOH). MOH is a secondary headache caused by overuse of analgesics or other medications such as triptans to abort acute migraine attacks. The worsening of headache symptoms associated with medication overuse (MO) generally ameliorates following interruption of regular medication use, although the primary headache symptoms remain unaffected. MO patients may also develop certain behaviors such as ritualized drug administration, psychological drug attachment, and withdrawal symptoms that have been suggested to correlate with drug addiction. Although several reviews have been performed on this topic, to the authors best knowledge none of them have examined this topic from the addiction point of view. Therefore, we aimed to identify features in MO and drug addiction that may correlate. We initiate the review by introducing the classes of analgesics and medications that can cause MOH and those with high risk to produce MO. We further compare differences between sensitization resulting from MO and from drug addiction, the neuronal pathways that may be involved, and the genetic susceptibility that may overlap between the two conditions. Finally, ICHD recommendations to treat MOH will be provided herein.

G.B.D.H (2018) Global, regional, and national burden of migraine and tension-type headache, 1990–2016: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet Neurol 17(11):954–976. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30322-3CrossRef

Steiner TJ et al (2020) Migraine remains second among the world's causes of disability, and first among young women: findings from GBD2019. J Headache Pain 21(1):137. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-020-01208-0CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia, 2018. 38(1): p. 1–211 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102417738202

May A, Schulte LH (2016) Chronic migraine: risk factors, mechanisms and treatment. Nat Rev Neurol 12(8):455–464. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.93CrossRefPubMed

Negro A, Rocchietti-March M, Fiorillo M, Martelletti P (2011) Chronic migraine: current concepts and ongoing treatments. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 15(12):1401–1420PubMed

Wakerley BR (2019) Medication-overuse headache. Pract Neurol 19(5):399–403. https://doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2018-002048CrossRefPubMed

Russell MB (2019) Epidemiology and management of medication-overuse headache in the general population. Neurol Sci 40(Suppl 1):23–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-019-03812-8CrossRefPubMed

Martelletti P (2018) The journey from genetic predisposition to medication overuse headache to its acquisition as sequela of chronic migraine. J Headache Pain 19(1):2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-017-0830-2CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Vandenbussche N, Laterza D, Lisicki M, Lloyd J, Lupi C, Tischler H, Toom K, Vandervorst F, Quintana S, Paemeleire K, Katsarava Z (2018) Medication-overuse headache: a widely recognized entity amidst ongoing debate. J Headache Pain 19(1):50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-018-0875-xCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

Diener HC, Holle D, Solbach K, Gaul C (2016) Medication-overuse headache: risk factors, pathophysiology and management. Nat Rev Neurol 12(10):575–583. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.124CrossRefPubMed

11.

Calabresi P, Cupini LM (2005) Medication-overuse headache: similarities with drug addiction. Trends Pharmacol Sci 26(2):62–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2004.12.008CrossRefPubMed

12.

Ong JJY, De Felice M (2018) Migraine treatment: current acute medications and their potential mechanisms of action. Neurotherapeutics 15(2):274–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-017-0592-1CrossRefPubMed

13.

Ahn AH, Basbaum AI (2005) Where do triptans act in the treatment of migraine? Pain 115(1–2):1–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2005.03.008CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

14.

Tfelt-Hansen P et al (2000) Ergotamine in the acute treatment of migraine: a review and European consensus. Brain 123(Pt 1):9–18. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/123.1.9CrossRefPubMed

15.

Tfelt-Hansen P (2020) Pharmacological strategies to treat attacks of episodic migraine in adults. Expert Opin Pharmacother 22(3):1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2020.1828347CrossRef

16.

Silberstein SD, Stirpe JC (2014) COX inhibitors for the treatment of migraine. Expert Opin Pharmacother 15(13):1863–1874. https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.2014.937704CrossRefPubMed

17.

Graham GG, Scott KF (2003) Mechanisms of action of paracetamol and related analgesics. Inflammopharmacology 11(4):401–413. https://doi.org/10.1163/156856003322699573CrossRefPubMed

18.

Inturrisi CE (2002) Clinical pharmacology of opioids for pain. Clin J Pain 18(4 Suppl):S3–S13. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002508-200207001-00002

19.

Toll L, Bruchas MR, Calo' G, Cox BM, Zaveri NT (2016) Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ receptor structure, signaling, ligands, functions, and interactions with opioid systems. Pharmacol Rev 68(2):419–457. https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.114.009209CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

20.

De Felice M, Ossipov MH, Porreca F (2011) Update on medication-overuse headache. Curr Pain Headache Rep 15(1):79–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-010-0155-1CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

21.

Limmroth V, Katsarava Z, Fritsche G, Przywara S, Diener HC (2002) Features of medication overuse headache following overuse of different acute headache drugs. Neurology 59(7):1011–1014. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.59.7.1011CrossRefPubMed

22.

Evers S, Marziniak M (2010) Clinical features, pathophysiology, and treatment of medication-overuse headache. Lancet Neurol 9(4):391–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70008-9CrossRefPubMed

23.

Scher AI, Lipton RB, Stewart WF, Bigal M (2010) Patterns of medication use by chronic and episodic headache sufferers in the general population: results from the frequent headache epidemiology study. Cephalalgia 30(3):321–328. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2009.01913.xCrossRefPubMed

24.

Katsarava Z, Diener HC, Limmroth V (2001) Medication overuse headache: a focus on analgesics, ergot alkaloids and triptans. Drug Saf 24(12):921–927. https://doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200124120-00005CrossRefPubMed

25.

van Amsterdam J, van den Brink W (2015) The misuse of prescription opioids: a threat for Europe? Curr Drug Abuse Rev 8(1):3–14. https://doi.org/10.2174/187447370801150611184218CrossRefPubMed

26.

Weisberg DF, Becker WC, Fiellin DA, Stannard C (2014) Prescription opioid misuse in the United States and the United Kingdom: cautionary lessons. Int J Drug Policy 25(6):1124–1130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.07.009CrossRefPubMed

27.

Soelberg CD, Brown RE Jr, du Vivier D, Meyer JE, Ramachandran BK (2017) The US opioid crisis: current federal and state legal issues. Anesth Analg 125(5):1675–1681. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000002403CrossRefPubMed

28.

Kalkman GA, Kramers C, van Dongen RT, van den Brink W, Schellekens A (2019) Trends in use and misuse of opioids in the Netherlands: a retrospective, multi-source database study. Lancet Public Health 4(10):e498–e505. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30128-8CrossRefPubMed

29.

Steiner TJ, Jensen R, Katsarava Z, Linde M, MacGregor EA, Osipova V, Paemeleire K, Olesen J, Peters M, Martelletti P (2019) Aids to management of headache disorders in primary care (2nd edition) : on behalf of the European Headache Federation and Lifting The Burden: the Global Campaign against Headache. J Headache Pain 20(1):57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-018-0899-2CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

30.

Van Etten ML, Anthony JC (1999) Comparative epidemiology of initial drug opportunities and transitions to first use: marijuana, cocaine, hallucinogens and heroin. Drug Alcohol Depend 54(2):117–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00151-3CrossRefPubMed

31.

DuPont RL, Han B, Shea CL, Madras BK (2018) Drug use among youth: national survey data support a common liability of all drug use. Prev Med 113:68–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.05.015CrossRefPubMed

32.

Delgado-Lobete, L., Montes-Montes R., Vila-Paz A., Cruz-Valiño J.M., Gándara-Gafo B., Talavera-Valverde M.Á., Santos-del-Riego S., Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Tobacco Smoking, Alcohol Abuse and Illegal Drug Consumption in University Students: A Mediating Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020. 17(9) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093019, 17, 9

33.

Robinson TE, Berridge KC (2008) Review. The incentive sensitization theory of addiction: some current issues. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci 363(1507):3137–3146. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0093CrossRef

34.

Takahashi TT, Vengeliene V, Enkel T, Reithofer S, Spanagel R (2019) Pavlovian to instrumental transfer responses do not correlate with addiction-like behavior in rats. Front Behav Neurosci 13:129. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00129CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

35.

Association, A.P., Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th Edition. 2013, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596

36.

de Boer I, van den Maagdenberg A, Terwindt GM (2019) Advance in genetics of migraine. Curr Opin Neurol 32(3):413–421. https://doi.org/10.1097/WCO.0000000000000687CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

37.

Sutherland HG, Albury CL, Griffiths LR (2019) Advances in genetics of migraine. J Headache Pain 20(1):72. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-019-1017-9CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

38.

Westergaard ML, Glümer C, Hansen EH, Jensen RH (2014) Prevalence of chronic headache with and without medication overuse: associations with socioeconomic position and physical and mental health status. Pain 155(10):2005–2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2014.07.002CrossRefPubMed

39.

Jonsson P, Linde M, Hensing G, Hedenrud T (2012) Sociodemographic differences in medication use, health-care contacts and sickness absence among individuals with medication-overuse headache. J Headache Pain 13(4):281–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10194-012-0432-yCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

40.

Atasoy HT, Unal AE, Atasoy N, Emre U, Sumer M (2005) Low income and education levels may cause medication overuse and chronicity in migraine patients. Headache 45(1):25–31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2005.05006.xCrossRefPubMed

41.

Atasoy HT, Atasoy N, Unal AE, Emre U, Sumer M (2005) Psychiatric comorbidity in medication overuse headache patients with pre-existing headache type of episodic tension-type headache. Eur J Pain 9(3):285–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2004.07.006CrossRefPubMed

42.

Radat F, Creac'h C, Swendsen JD, Lafittau M, Irachabal S, Dousset V, Henry P (2005) Psychiatric comorbidity in the evolution from migraine to medication overuse headache. Cephalalgia 25(7):519–522. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2005.00910.xCrossRefPubMed

43.

Everitt B (1997) Craving cocaine cues: cognitive neuroscience meets drug addiction research. Trends Cogn Sci 1(1):1–2. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(97)01009-7CrossRefPubMed

44.

Louter MA, Bosker JE, van Oosterhout WPJ, van Zwet EW, Zitman FG, Ferrari MD, Terwindt GM (2013) Cutaneous allodynia as a predictor of migraine chronification. Brain 136(11):3489–3496. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awt251CrossRefPubMed

45.

Camarini R, Pautassi RM (2016) Behavioral sensitization to ethanol: neural basis and factors that influence its acquisition and expression. Brain Res Bull 125:53–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.006CrossRefPubMed

46.

Strakowski SM, Sax KW, Setters MJ, Keck PE Jr (1996) Enhanced response to repeated d-amphetamine challenge: evidence for behavioral sensitization in humans. Biol Psychiatry 40(9):872–880. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(95)00497-1CrossRefPubMed

47.

Kalivas PW, Duffy P (1988) Effects of daily cocaine and morphine treatment on somatodendritic and terminal field dopamine release. J Neurochem 50(5):1498–1504. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb03036.xCrossRefPubMed

48.

Kuczenski R, Segal D (1989) Concomitant characterization of behavioral and striatal neurotransmitter response to amphetamine using in vivo microdialysis. J Neurosci 9(6):2051–2065. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.09-06-02051.1989CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

49.

Leyton M (2007) Conditioned and sensitized responses to stimulant drugs in humans. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 31(8):1601–1613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.08.027CrossRef

50.

Sugiyama E, Kondo T, Kuzumaki N, Honda K, Yamanaka A, Narita M, Suematsu M, Sugiura Y (2019) Mechanical allodynia induced by optogenetic sensory nerve excitation activates dopamine signaling and metabolism in medial nucleus accumbens. Neurochem Int 129:104494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104494CrossRefPubMed

51.

DaSilva AF, Nascimento TD, Jassar H, Heffernan J, Toback RL, Lucas S, DosSantos MF, Bellile EL, Boonstra PS, Taylor JMG, Casey KL, Koeppe RA, Smith YR, Zubieta JK (2017) Dopamine D2/D3 imbalance during migraine attack and allodynia in vivo. Neurology 88(17):1634–1641. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000003861CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

52.

Peroutka SJ, Wilhoit T, Jones K (1997) Clinical susceptibility to migraine with aura is modified by dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptor (DRD2) <em>Nco</em> I alleles. Neurology 49(1):201–206. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.49.1.201CrossRefPubMed

53.

Wöber C, Brücke T, Wöber-Bingöl C, Asenbaum S, Wessely P, Podreka I (1994) Dopamine D2 receptor blockade and Antimigraine action of Flunarizine. Cephalalgia 14(3):235–240. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1994.014003235.xCrossRefPubMed

54.

Akerman S, Goadsby P (2007) Dopamine and migraine: biology and clinical implications. Cephalalgia 27(11):1308–1314. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01478.xCrossRefPubMed

55.

Martikainen IK, Nuechterlein EB, Pecina M, Love TM, Cummiford CM, Green CR, Stohler CS, Zubieta JK (2015) Chronic Back pain is associated with alterations in dopamine neurotransmission in the ventral striatum. J Neurosci 35(27):9957–9965. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4605-14.2015CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

56.

Everitt BJ, Robbins TW (2005) Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion. Nat Neurosci 8(11):1481–1489. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1579CrossRefPubMed

57.

Everitt BJ, Robbins TW (2016) Drug addiction: updating actions to habits to compulsions ten years on. Annu Rev Psychol 67(1):23–50. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-122414-033457CrossRefPubMed

58.

Berridge KC, Robinson TE (2016) Liking, wanting, and the incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. Am Psychol 71(8):670–679. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000059CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

59.

Hyman SE, Malenka RC (2001) Addiction and the brain: the neurobiology of compulsion and its persistence. Nat Rev Neurosci 2(10):695–703. https://doi.org/10.1038/35094560CrossRefPubMed

60.

Chiang C-C, Schwedt TJ, Wang SJ, Dodick DW (2016) Treatment of medication-overuse headache: a systematic review. Cephalalgia 36(4):371–386. https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102415593088CrossRefPubMed

61.

Diener HC, Dodick D, Evers S, Holle D, Jensen RH, Lipton RB, Porreca F, Silberstein S, Schwedt T (2019) Pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of medication overuse headache. Lancet Neurol 18(9):891–902. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30146-2CrossRefPubMed

62.

Hunt WA, Bespalec DA (1974) Relapse rates after treatment for heroin addiction. J Commun Psychol 2(1):85–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(197401)2:1<85::AID-JCOP2290020130>3.0.CO;2-BCrossRef

63.

Hunt WA, General WR (1973) Relapse rates after treatment for alcoholism. J Commun Psychol 1(1):66–68. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(197301)1:1<66::AID-JCOP2290010119>3.0.CO;2-RCrossRef

64.

Katsarava Z, Muessig M, Dzagnidze A, Fritsche G, Diener HC, Limmroth V (2005) Medication overuse headache: rates and predictors for relapse in a 4-year prospective study. Cephalalgia 25(1):12–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00789.xCrossRefPubMed

65.

Raggi A, Giovannetti AM, Leonardi M, Sansone E, Schiavolin S, Curone M, Grazzi L, Usai S, D'Amico D (2017) Predictors of 12-months relapse after withdrawal treatment in hospitalized patients with chronic migraine associated with medication overuse: a longitudinal observational study. Headache 57(1):60–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.12979CrossRefPubMed

66.

Rossi P, Faroni J, Nappi G (2008) Medication overuse headache: predictors and rates of relapse in migraine patients with low medical needs. A 1-year prospective study. Cephalalgia 28(11):1196–1200. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2008.01659.xCrossRefPubMed

67.

Becerra L, Bishop J, Barmettler G, Xie Y, Navratilova E, Porreca F, Borsook D (2016) Triptans disrupt brain networks and promote stress-induced CSD-like responses in cortical and subcortical areas. J Neurophysiol 115(1):208–217. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00632.2015CrossRefPubMed

68.

De Felice M, Ossipov MH, Porreca F (2011) Persistent medication-induced neural adaptations, descending facilitation, and medication overuse headache. Curr Opin Neurol 24(3):193–196. https://doi.org/10.1097/WCO.0b013e328346af25CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

69.

De Felice M et al (2010) Triptan-induced enhancement of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in trigeminal ganglion dural afferents underlies increased responsiveness to potential migraine triggers. Brain 133(Pt 8):2475–2488. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awq159CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

70.

Burstein R (2001) Deconstructing migraine headache into peripheral and central sensitization. Pain 89(2–3):107–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00478-4CrossRefPubMed

71.

Strassman AM, Raymond SA, Burstein R (1996) Sensitization of meningeal sensory neurons and the origin of headaches. Nature 384(6609):560–564. https://doi.org/10.1038/384560a0CrossRefPubMed

72.

De Felice M et al (2010) Triptan-induced latent sensitization: a possible basis for medication overuse headache. Ann Neurol 67(3):325–337. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21897CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

73.

Gardell, L.R., et al., Sustained morphine exposure induces a spinal dynorphin-dependent enhancement of excitatory transmitter release from primary afferent fibers. J Neurosci, 2002. 22(15): p. 6747–6755 DOI: 20026648

74.

Bongsebandhu-phubhakdi S, Srikiatkhachorn A (2012) Pathophysiology of medication-overuse headache: implications from animal studies. Curr Pain Headache Rep 16(1):110–115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-011-0234-yCrossRefPubMed

75.

Ayzenberg I, Oberman M, Leineweber K, Franke L, Yoon MS, Diener HC, Katsarava Z (2008) Increased activity of serotonin uptake in platelets in medication overuse headache following regular intake of analgesics and triptans. J Headache Pain 9(2):109–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10194-008-0019-9CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

76.

Hering R, Glover V, Pattichis K, Catarci T, Steiner TJ (1993) 5HT in migraine patients with medication-induced headache. Cephalalgia 13(6):410–412. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1993.1306410.xCrossRefPubMed

77.

Srikiatkhachorn A, Anthony M (1996) Platelet serotonin in patients with analgesic-induced headache. Cephalalgia 16(6):423–426. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1606423.x

78.

Srikiatkhachorn A, Puangniyom S, Govitrapong P (1998) Plasticity of 5-HT serotonin receptor in patients with analgesic-induced transformed migraine. Headache 38(7):534–539. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4610.1998.3807534.xCrossRefPubMed

79.

Srikiatkhachorn A, Tarasub N, Govitrapong P (2000) Effect of chronic analgesic exposure on the central serotonin system: a possible mechanism of analgesic abuse headache. Headache 40(5):343–350. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4610.2000.00052.xCrossRefPubMed

80.

Supornsilpchai W, le Grand SM, Srikiatkhachorn A (2010) Involvement of pro-nociceptive 5-HT2A receptor in the pathogenesis of medication-overuse headache. Headache 50(2):185–197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01591.xCrossRefPubMed

81.

Loggia ML, Berna C, Kim J, Cahalan CM, Gollub RL, Wasan AD, Harris RE, Edwards RR, Napadow V (2014) Disrupted brain circuitry for pain-related reward/punishment in fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheumatol 66(1):203–212. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.38191CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

82.

Wood PB, Schweinhardt P, Jaeger E, Dagher A, Hakyemez H, Rabiner EA, Bushnell MC, Chizh BA (2007) Fibromyalgia patients show an abnormal dopamine response to pain. Eur J Neurosci 25(12):3576–3582. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05623.xCrossRefPubMed

83.

Anselmi B, Baldi E, Casacci F, Salmon S (1980) Endogenous opioids in cerebrospinal fluid and blood in idiopathic headache sufferers. Headache 20(6):294–299. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.1980.hed2006294.xCrossRefPubMed

84.

Baliki MN, Geha PY, Fields HL, Apkarian AV (2010) Predicting value of pain and analgesia: nucleus accumbens response to noxious stimuli changes in the presence of chronic pain. Neuron 66(1):149–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2010.03.002CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

85.

Jarcho JM, Mayer EA, Jiang ZK, Feier NA, London ED (2012) Pain, affective symptoms, and cognitive deficits in patients with cerebral dopamine dysfunction. Pain 153(4):744–754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2012.01.002CrossRefPubMed

86.

Barbanti P, Guadagni F, de Marchis ML, Ialongo C, Egeo G, Fofi L, Aurilia C, Lovero D, Della-Morte D, Ferroni P, Palmirotta R (2019) Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase 19-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism affects medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine. Neurol Sci 40(8):1717–1724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-019-03865-9CrossRefPubMed

87.

Cargnin S, Pautasso C, Viana M, Sances G, Mittino D, Cantello R, Tassorelli C, Nappi G, Terrazzino S (2015) Association of RAMP1 rs7590387 with the risk of migraine transformation into medication overuse headache. Headache 55(5):658–668. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.12559CrossRefPubMed

88.

Koob GF, Le Moal M (1997) Drug abuse: hedonic homeostatic dysregulation. Science 278(5335):52–58. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.278.5335.52CrossRefPubMed

89.

Koob GF, Le Moal M (2001) Drug addiction, dysregulation of reward, and allostasis. Neuropsychopharmacology 24(2):97–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(00)00195-0CrossRefPubMed

90.

Volkow ND, Fowler JS, Wang GJ (1999) Imaging studies on the role of dopamine in cocaine reinforcement and addiction in humans. J Psychopharmacol 13(4):337–345. https://doi.org/10.1177/026988119901300406CrossRefPubMed

91.

Blum K, Sheridan PJ, Wood RC, Braverman ER, Chen TJH, Comings DE (1995) Dopamine D2 receptor gene variants: association and linkage studies in impulsive-addictive-compulsive behaviour. Pharmacogenet Genomics 5(3):121–141. https://doi.org/10.1097/00008571-199506000-00001CrossRef

92.

Clarke, T.-K., et al., The Dopamine Receptor D2 (DRD2) SNP rs1076560 is Associated with Opioid Addiction. Annals of Human Genetics, 2014. 78(1): p. 33–39 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ahg.12046

93.

Groman, S.M. and J.D. Jentsch, Cognitive control and the dopamine D2-like receptor: a dimensional understanding of addiction. Depression Anxiety, 2012. 29(4): p. 295–306 DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20897

94.

Jorm AF, Henderson AS, Jacomb PA, Christensen H, Korten AE, Rodgers B, Tan X, Easteal S (2000) Association of smoking and personality with a polymorphism of the dopamine transporter gene: results from a community survey. Am J Med Genet 96(3):331–334. https://doi.org/10.1002/1096-8628(20000612)96:3<331::aid-ajmg19>3.0.co;2-0CrossRefPubMed

95.

Laine TP, Ahonen A, Räsänen P, Tiihonen J (2001) Dopamine transporter density and novelty seeking among alcoholics. J Addict Dis 20(4):91–96. https://doi.org/10.1300/j069v20n04_08CrossRefPubMed

96.

Lerman C, Caporaso NE, Audrain J, Main D, Bowman ED, Lockshin B, Boyd NR, Shields PG (1999) Evidence suggesting the role of specific genetic factors in cigarette smoking. Health Psychol 18(1):14–20. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.18.1.14CrossRefPubMed

97.

Schmidt LG, Harms H, Kuhn S, Rommelspacher H, Sander T (1998) Modification of alcohol withdrawal by the A9 allele of the dopamine transporter gene. Am J Psychiatry 155(4):474–478. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.155.4.474CrossRefPubMed

98.

Ferraro, S., et al., In Medication-Overuse Headache, fMRI Shows Long-Lasting Dysfunction in Midbrain Areas. Headache, 2012. 52(10): p. 1520–1534 DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2012.02276.x

99.

Riederer F, Marti M, Luechinger R, Lanzenberger R, von Meyenburg J, Gantenbein AR, Pirrotta R, Gaul C, Kollias S, Sándor PS (2012) Grey matter changes associated with medication-overuse headache: correlations with disease related disability and anxiety. World J Biol Psychiatry 13(7):517–525. https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2012.665175CrossRefPubMed

100.

Lai TH, Chou KH, Fuh JL, Lee PL, Kung YC, Lin CP, Wang SJ (2016) Gray matter changes related to medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine. Cephalalgia 36(14):1324–1333. https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102416630593CrossRefPubMed

101.

Chong CD, Schwedt TJ, Hougaard A (2019) Brain functional connectivity in headache disorders: a narrative review of MRI investigations. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 39(4):650–669. https://doi.org/10.1177/0271678X17740794CrossRefPubMed

102.

Fumal A, Laureys S, di Clemente L, Boly M, Bohotin V, Vandenheede M, Coppola G, Salmon E, Kupers R, Schoenen J (2006) Orbitofrontal cortex involvement in chronic analgesic-overuse headache evolving from episodic migraine. Brain 129(Pt 2):543–550. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awh691CrossRefPubMed

103.

Carlsen LN, Munksgaard SB, Jensen RH, Bendtsen L (2018) Complete detoxification is the most effective treatment of medication-overuse headache: a randomized controlled open-label trial. Cephalalgia 38(2):225–236. https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102417737779CrossRefPubMed

104.

Engelstoft IMS, Carlsen LN, Munksgaard SB, Nielsen M, Jensen RH, Bendtsen L (2019) Complete withdrawal is the most feasible treatment for medication-overuse headache: a randomized controlled open-label trial. Eur J Pain 23(6):1162–1170. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1383CrossRefPubMed

105.

Evers S, Jensen R, S. European Federation Of neurological (2011) Treatment of medication overuse headache--guideline of the EFNS headache panel. Eur J Neurol 18(9):1115–1121. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03497.xCrossRefPubMed

106.

de Goffau MJ, Klaver ARE, Willemsen MG, Bindels PJE, Verhagen AP (2017) The effectiveness of treatments for patients with medication overuse headache: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pain 18(6):615–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2016.12.005CrossRefPubMed

107.

Diener HC, Antonaci F, Braschinsky M, Evers S, Jensen R, Lainez M, Kristoffersen ES, Tassorelli C, Ryliskiene K, Petersen JA (2020) European academy of neurology guideline on the management of medication-overuse headache. Eur J Neurol 27(7):1102–1116. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.14268CrossRefPubMed

108.

Tiseo C, Ornello R, Pistoia F, Sacco S (2019) How to integrate monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide or its receptor in daily clinical practice. J Headache Pain 20(1):49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-019-1000-5CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

109.

Tepper SJ, Diener HC, Ashina M, Brandes JL, Friedman DI, Reuter U, Cheng S, Nilsen J, Leonardi DK, Lenz RA, Mikol DD (2019) Erenumab in chronic migraine with medication overuse: subgroup analysis of a randomized trial. Neurology 92(20):e2309–e2320. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000007497CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

110.

Dodick DW, Doty EG, Aurora SK, Ruff DD, Stauffer VL, Jedynak J, Dong Y, Pearlman EM (2020) Medication overuse in a subgroup analysis of phase 3 placebo-controlled studies of galcanezumab in the prevention of episodic and chronic migraine. Cephalalgia:333102420966658. https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102420966658

111.

Silberstein SD, Cohen JM, Seminerio MJ, Yang R, Ashina S, Katsarava Z (2020) The impact of fremanezumab on medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine: subgroup analysis of the HALO CM study. J Headache Pain 21(1):114. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-020-01173-8CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

112.

Pijpers JA, Kies DA, Louter MA, van Zwet EW, Ferrari MD, Terwindt GM (2019) Acute withdrawal and botulinum toxin a in chronic migraine with medication overuse: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Brain 142(5):1203–1214. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awz052CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

113.

Hagen K, Albretsen C, Vilming ST, Salvesen R, Grøning M, Helde G, Gravdahl G, Zwart JA, Stovner LJ (2009) Management of medication overuse headache: 1-year randomized multicentre open-label trial. Cephalalgia 29(2):221–232. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2008.01711.xCrossRefPubMed

114.

Negro A, Curto M, Lionetto L, Guerzoni S, Pini LA, Martelletti P (2017) A critical evaluation on MOH current treatments. Curr Treat Options Neurol 19(9):32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-017-0465-2CrossRefPubMed

115.

Grazzi L, Bussone G (2011) What future for treatment of chronic migraine with medication overuse? Neurol Sci 32(Suppl 1):S19–S22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-011-0553-0CrossRefPubMed

116.

Grazzi L, Andrasik F, D'Amico D, Leone M, Usai S, Kass SJ, Bussone G (2002) Behavioral and pharmacologic treatment of transformed migraine with analgesic overuse: outcome at 3 years. Headache 42(6):483–490. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4610.2002.02123.xCrossRefPubMed

117.

Andrasik F, Buse DC, Grazzi L (2009) Behavioral medicine for migraine and medication overuse headache. Curr Pain Headache Rep 13(3):241–248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-009-0041-xCrossRefPubMed

118.

Sancisi E, Rausa M, Zanigni S, Cevoli S, Pala AN, Nicodemo M, Grimaldi D, Montagna P, Cortelli P, Pierangeli G (2009) Self-help group and medication overuse headache: preliminary data. Neurol Sci 30(6):459–463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-009-0131-xCrossRefPubMed

119.

Radat F, Chanraud S, di Scala G, Dousset V, Allard M (2013) Psychological and neuropsychological correlates of dependence-related behaviour in medication overuse headaches: a one year follow-up study. J Headache Pain 14(1):59. https://doi.org/10.1186/1129-2377-14-59CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

120.

Volkow ND, Boyle M (2018) Neuroscience of addiction: relevance to prevention and treatment. Am J Psychiatry 175(8):729–740. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17101174CrossRefPubMed

Title: Medication overuse and drug addiction: a narrative review from addiction perspective
Authors: Tatiane Teru Takahashi
Raffaele Ornello
Giuseppe Quatrosi
Angelo Torrente
Maria Albanese
Simone Vigneri
Martina Guglielmetti
Cristiano Maria De Marco
Camille Dutordoir
Enrico Colangeli
Matteo Fuccaro
Davide Di Lenola
Valerio Spuntarelli
Laura Pilati
Salvatore Di Marco
Annelies Van Dycke
Ramla Abuukar Abdullahi
Antoinette Maassen van den Brink
Paolo Martelletti
on behalf of the European Headache Federation School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS)
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: Springer Milan
Keywords: Addiction
Migraine
Opioids
Opioids
Addiction
Analgesics in Dentistry
Medication Overuse Headache
Headache
Triptan Drugs
Published in: The Journal of Headache and Pain / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1129-2369
Electronic ISSN: 1129-2377
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-021-01224-8

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Medication overuse and drug addiction: a narrative review from addiction perspective

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2021

Long term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of intracutaneous zolmitriptan (M207) in the acute treatment of migraine

Post-reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome headache

Age-related differences in resting state functional connectivity in pediatric migraine

Deterioration of headache impact and health-related quality of life in migraine patients after cessation of preventive treatment with CGRP(−receptor) antibodies

Different dosage regimens of Eptinezumab for the treatment of migraine: a meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials

CGRP induces migraine-like symptoms in mice during both the active and inactive phases