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European Journal of Medical Research
Published in: European Journal of Medical Research 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Acute Respiratory Distress-Syndrome | Research

Influence of vaccination on critical COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failure: a retrospective cohort study

Authors: Hsiao-Chin Shen, Jhong-Ru Huang, Chuan-Yen Sun, Ying-Ting Liao, Hung-Jui Ko, Chih-Jung Chang, Jia-Yih Feng, Yuh-Min Chen, Wei-Chih Chen, Kuang-Yao Yang

Published in: European Journal of Medical Research | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

Despite vaccines’ effectiveness in reducing COVID-19 infection rates and disease severity, their impact on critical patients presenting with acute respiratory failure is elusive. The aim of this study was to further investigate the influence of vaccination on mortality rates among severely ill COVID-19 patients experiencing acute respiratory failure.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study was carried out at a tertiary medical center in Taiwan. From April to September 2022, patients who tested positive for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and subsequently experienced acute respiratory failure were included in the study. Baseline characteristics, including vaccination history, along with information regarding critical illness and clinical outcomes, were gathered and compared between patients who received the vaccine and those who did not.

Results

A total of 215 patients with COVID-19 exhibiting acute respiratory failure, as confirmed via RT‒PCR, were included in the analysis. Of this cohort, sixty-six (30.7%) patients died within 28 days. Neither administration of the vaccine nor achievement of primary series vaccination status had a significantly different effect on 28 day mortality, number of viral shedding events, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) incidence or other clinical outcomes. Patients who received the booster vaccine and completed the primary series showed a tendency of increased 28 days of ventilator-free status, though this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.815).

Conclusions

Vaccination status did not significantly influence mortality rates, the occurrence of ARDS, or the viral shedding duration in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failure.
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Metadata
Title
Influence of vaccination on critical COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failure: a retrospective cohort study
Authors
Hsiao-Chin Shen
Jhong-Ru Huang
Chuan-Yen Sun
Ying-Ting Liao
Hung-Jui Ko
Chih-Jung Chang
Jia-Yih Feng
Yuh-Min Chen
Wei-Chih Chen
Kuang-Yao Yang
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
European Journal of Medical Research / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 2047-783X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-024-01840-5

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