Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2021

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Wound Infection | Research article

Antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of the leaves of three medicinal plants against selected bacteria isolated from wounds of lymphoedema patients

Authors: Dereje Nigussie, Gail Davey, Belete Adefris Legesse, Abebaw Fekadu, Eyasu Makonnen

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2021

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Patients with lymphoedema are at high risk of getting bacterial and fungal wound infections leading to acute inflammatory episodes associated with cellulitis and erysipelas. In Ethiopia, wound infections are traditionally treated with medicinal plants.

Methods

Agar well diffusion and colorimetric microdilution methods were used to determine the antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of the three medicinal plants against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shewanella alage, methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC®43300TM, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC700603, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC37853.

Results

The methanol extract of L. inermis leaves showed high activity against all tested bacterial species, which was comparable to the standard drugs. Similarly, the extracts of A. indica showed activity against all tested species though at higher concentrations, and higher activity was recorded against Streptococcus pyogenes isolates at all concentrations. However, the extract of A. aspera showed the lowest activity against all tested species except Streptococcus pyogenes isolates. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was recorded with the extract of L. inermis against E. coli isolate and S. aureus ATCC 25923.

Conclusion

Methanol extracts of L. inermis, A. indica, and A. aspera leaves exhibited antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial isolates involved in wound infections, of which the methanol extracts of L. inermis exhibited the highest activity. The results of the present study support the traditional use of plants against microbial infections, which could potentially be exploited for the treatment of wound infections associated with lymphoedema.
Literature
1.
Jamal BS, Mohammed IA. Bacterial isolates from wound infections and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in Kassala teaching hospital, Sudan. Am J Microbiol Res. 2019;7(4):102–7.
2.
Keeley V, Riches K. Cellulitis treatment for people with lymphoedema : UK audit. J Lymphoedema. 2009;4(2):1–8.
3.
Fife CE, Farrow W, Hebert AA, Armer NC, Stewart BR, Cormier JN, et al. Skin and wound care in lymphedema patients : A taxonomy , primer , and literature review. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2017;30:305–18.CrossRef
4.
Ayman A, Grada TJP. Lymphedema pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. Am Acad Dermatology, Inc. 2017;77(6):12.
5.
Eagle M. Understanding cellulitis of the lower limb. Wound Essent. 2007;2:8.
6.
Park SI, Yang EJ, Kim DK, Jeong HJ, Kim GC, Sim YJ. Prevalence and epidemiological factors involved in cellulitis in korean patients with lymphedema. Ann Rehabil Med. 2016;40(2):326–37.CrossRef
7.
Ali NAA, Ju W. Screening of Yemeni medicinal plants for antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. J Ethnopharmacol. 2001;8741:173–9.CrossRef
8.
Mummed B, Abraha A, Feyera T, Nigusse A, Assefa S. In Vitro antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants in the traditional treatment of skin and wound infections in eastern Ethiopia. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:1862401.CrossRef
9.
Uthayarasa K, Pathmanathan K, Jeyadevan JP, Jeyaseelan EC. Antibacterial activity and qualitative phytochemical analysis of medicinal plant extracts obtained by sequential extraction method. Int J Integr Biol. 2010;10(2):76–81.
10.
Pandey A, Tripathi S, Pandey CA. Concept of standardization, extraction and pre phytochemical screening strategies for herbal drug. J Pharmacogn Phytochem JPP. 2014;115(25):115–9.
11.
Hudzicki J. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test protocol. American Society for Microbiology; 2016: 3-23.
12.
Kuete V, Betrandteponno R, Mbaveng AT, Tapondjou LA, Meyer JJM, Barboni L, et al. Antibacterial activities of the extracts , fractions and compounds from Dioscorea bulbifera. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012;12:228.CrossRef
13.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-First Informational Supplement. CLSI document M100-S21, vol. 31. Wayne: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2011.
14.
Tadesse B, Yinebeb T, Ketema B. Antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants used in South-Western Ethiopia. African J Microbiol Res. 2016;10(46):1961–72.CrossRef
15.
Usman RA, Rabiu U. Antimicrobial activity of Lawsonia inermis ( henna ) extracts. Bayero J Pure Appl Sci. 2006;11(1):167–71.CrossRef
16.
Khaliq FA, Raza M, Hassan SU, Iqbal J, Aslam A, Aun M, et al. Formulation, characterization and evaluation of in vivo wound healing potential of Lawsone ointment. Am J Adv Drug Deliv. 2018;06(01):61-8.
17.
Manivannan R, Aeganathan R, Prabakaran K. Anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory flavonoid constituents from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis. J Phytopharm. 2015;4(4):212–6.
18.
Kannahi M, Nadu T. Antimicrobial activity of Lawsonia inermis leaf extracts against some human pathogens. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2013;2(5):342–9.
19.
20.
Kamal M, Jawaid T. Pharmacological activities of Lawsonia inermis Linn. |A review. Int J Biomed Res. 2011;1(2).
21.
Dahake PR, Naik P, Pusad M. Study on antimicrobial potential and preliminary phytochemical screening of Lawsonia inermis Linn. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2015;6(8):3344–50.
22.
Galeane MC, Martins CHG, Massuco J, Bauab TM, Sacramento LVS. Phytochemical screening of Azadirachta indica A . Juss for antimicrobial activity. African J Microbiol Res. 2017;11(4):117–22.CrossRef
23.
Rasool M, Malik A, Arooj M, Alam MZ, Alam Q, Asif M, et al. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica and Psidium guajava against clinically important bacteria at varying pH and temperature. Biomed Res- India. 2017;28(1):134–9.
24.
Mohammed HA, Omer AFA. Antibacterial activity of Azadirachta indica ( Neem ) leaf extract against bacterial pathogens in Sudan. Am J Res Commun. 2015;3(5):246–51.
25.
Edwin S, Jarald EE, Deb L, Jain A, Kinger H, Dutt KR, et al. Wound healing and antioxidant activity of Achyranthes aspera. Pharm Biol. 2009;46(12):824–8.CrossRef
26.
Srivastav S, Singh P, Mishra G, Jha KK, Khosa RL. Achyranthes aspera- An important medicinal plant : A review. J Nat Prod Plant Resour. 2011;1(1):1–14.
27.
Elumalai EK, Chandrasekaran N, Thirumalai T, Sivakumar C, Therasa SV, David E. Achyranthes Aspera leaf extracts inhibited fungal growth. Int J PharmTech Res. 2009;1(4):1576–8.
28.
Taye B, Giday M, Animut A, Seid J. Antibacterial activities of selected medicinal plants in traditional treatment of human wounds in Ethiopia. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2011;1(5):370–5.CrossRef
29.
30.
Owuama CI. Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) and minimum bactericidal concentration ( MBC ) using a novel dilution tube method. African J Microbiol Res. 2017;11(23):977–80.CrossRef
31.
Kouadri F. In vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of the saudi Lawsonia inermis extracts against some nosocomial infection pathogens. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2018;12(2):281–6.CrossRef
32.
Venkateswarulu TC, Srirama K, Mikkili I, Nazneen Bobby M, Dulla JB, Alugunulla VN, et al. Estimation of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of antimicrobial peptides of Saccharomyces boulardii against selected pathogenic strains. Karbala Int J Mod Sci. 2019;5(4):266–9.
33.
Bianco ÉM, Krug JL, Zimath PL, Kroger A, Paganelli CJ, Boeder AM, et al. Antimicrobial (including antimollicutes), antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of Brazilian and Spanish marine organisms – evaluation of extracts and pure compounds. Brazilian J Pharmacogn. 2015;25(6):668–76.CrossRef
34.
Begashaw B, Mishra B, Tsegaw A, Shewamene Z. Methanol leaves extract Hibiscus micranthus Linn exhibited antibacterial and wound healing activities. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17(1):1–12.CrossRef
35.
Wolde T, Bizuayehu B, Hailemariam T, Tiruha K. Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of Hagenia abyssinica. Indian J Pharm Pharmacol. 2016;3(3):127.CrossRef
36.
Gupta PD, Birdi TJ. Development of botanicals to combat antibiotic resistance. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2017;8(4):266–75.CrossRef
37.
38.
Tamokou JDD, Mbaveng AT, Kuete V. Antimicrobial activities of African medicinal spices and vegetables; 2017. p. 207–37.
Metadata
Title
Antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of the leaves of three medicinal plants against selected bacteria isolated from wounds of lymphoedema patients
Authors
Dereje Nigussie
Gail Davey
Belete Adefris Legesse
Abebaw Fekadu
Eyasu Makonnen
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-03183-0

Other articles of this Issue 1/2021

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2021 Go to the issue

Research article

Chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antidiabetic potential of essential oil of Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb

Research article

Anti-osteoarthritis potential of peppermint and rosemary essential oils in a nanoemulsion form: behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological evidence

Research

In vitro study on the effect of cornin on the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes

Research article

Physicochemical characterization, cytotoxic effect and toxicity evaluation of nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with eucalyptol

Research

Myrtenal and β-caryophyllene oxide screened from Liquidambaris Fructus suppress NLRP3 inflammasome components in rheumatoid arthritis

Research article

Factors associated with the use of complementary therapies in Taiwanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study